From my experience in the banking industry in the 1980s and 1990s, I've noticed that one of the best predictors of a collapse in a particular asset class – such as commercial real estate or oil and gas exploration -- is the rapid rise in lending against that class.
During the 1980s, I consulted to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's (FDIC) Liquidation Division. This division takes over banks that fail and sells their assets in an effort to raise the cash needed to pay the bank's depositors.
In 1982, when I consulted to the Liquidation Division, it was experiencing a rise in bank failures as a result of too much lending to commercial real estate and oil and gas explorers in states such as Texas and Oklahoma. Rising prices attracted new entrants and banks were more than happy to lend money to them. When prices fell, due to excess supply fueled by the loans, the new entrants went out of business. And the banks could not get their money back so they failed.
Between 1989 and 1991 I worked at Bank of Boston. During the 1980s, the Bank had made a significant amount of money lending to finance the rapidly growing leveraged buyout and commercial real estate industries. As in the Southwest, this lending fueled rapid price appreciation beyond the point where it made economic sense. These industries ran out of steam – with many LBOs collapsing and commercial real estate ventures going belly up.
The Bank's peer – Bank of New England – was closed down and Federal Bank regulators required the Bank of Boston to develop a strategic plan to get itself out of the mess that had damaged its financial prospects. Bank of Boston survived the near death experience but ultimately merged with Fleet Financial – itself acquired by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC).
This pattern of rapid growth in an asset class attracting too much lending has repeated itself in this decade. Extremely rapid growth in lending to leveraged buyouts, housing, and asset-backed securities pumped up prices beyond the point of affordability.
Now that the credit tides are receding, the rocks – in the form of poor lending and borrowing practices – are being exposed. Based on my experience, it would not be surprising to see widespread damage among the lenders and borrowers who are most exposed to these shoddy lending and borrowing practices.
For future reference, when you see prices appreciating in a particular asset class – watch which financial institutions are lending the most money to those classes. These lenders are likely to be most vulnerable when the cycle turns.
The big challenge for investors seeking to profit will be picking the time to sell these lenders short.
Peter Cohan is President of Peter S. Cohan & Associates, a management consulting and venture capital firm. He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He has no financial interest in Bank of America securities.











Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
9-02-2007 @ 6:33PM
Mitch said...
It's amazing how much work and effort we put in trying to time time "hot" money markets to avoid loss. Go index, sit back, lower your blood pressure and let the market do the work for you. Historically, it has always gone up.
9-03-2007 @ 7:36AM
hal c said...
Yeah, index funds are great except you'd better have a 40 year window to ensure a return. While the seventy year averages are decent what if you are approaching retirement age during one of those 15-20 year flat periods people never seem to consider.
Index funds are successful in great part due to the incredible increase in money from 401k's and IRA's that boomers pumped into their retirement funds.