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Is the price of oil 'artificially' high?

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Discussion in financial and public policy circles appears to building regarding increased monitoring of energy markets, as well as, at minimum, inquiries into whether oil prices have been manipulated.

One group, closetheenronloophole.com - - a coalition of oil dealers (the people who deliver heating oil in trucks, etc.) and other groups - - argues that certain unregulated energy trading platforms provide an environment for what the group calls "excessive speculation and energy price manipulation."

Capitol Hill

In Washington, several lawmakers have requested inquiries of the energy markets. Among them are U.S. Senators Maria Cantwell (D-Washingotn), Dianne Feinstein (D-California), and Ron Wyden (D-Oregon), who sent a letter to the chairmen of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) giving them 45 days "to develop a plan to deliver effective oversight for energy markets and implement anti- manipulation provisions."

Oil closed Tuesday up $2.34 to $90.20 per barrel. Oil is up more than 40% in 2008 and more than 100% since January 2005 - - large increases, to be sure - - but is the rise the result of manipulation or just objective events?

The bulls' retort

Many oil analysts and oil bulls are quick to argue that oil's current elevated price is justified by market fundamentals, including: 1) rising demand in emerging markets (especially China), 2) continual increases U.S. gasoline demand despite elevated prices, 3) a barely-adequate refinery system in the U.S., 4) geopolitical concerns (Iraq, Iran, Venezuela, Nigeria), 5) the modest safety cushion between global supply and global demand, and 6) the weak U.S. dollar, among other factors.

Other analysts and theorists argue that a reduction in the return on principal in other asset classes (stocks, bonds, real estate) has produced an 'oil as asset' environment - - i.e. that investment funds and large investors are investing in and holding onto oil, due to its high rate of return. Some in this camp further assert that if a large investor(s) were able to able to buy a large percentage of oil contracts, it (they) could, in theory, support oil's price and keep it 'artificially' higher than it would be under normal market forces.

Oil Analysis: In the absence of universal data on oil contracts, it's difficult, if not impossible, to reach an informed generalization regarding possible oil price manipulation. And that, in and of itself, justifies the inquiry and request by U.S. Senators Cantwell, Feinstein, and Wyden to the CFTC and FERC.

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Last updated: July 04, 2009: 01:42 PM

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