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G-8 economic powers focus on Africa aid, Iran uranium issues at summit

The need to fulfill promises of increased aid for Africa, and a general agreement between the United States and Russia on an approach to Iran's nuclear program took center stage as leaders from the Group of Eight industrial nations met Monday in Japan, The Associated Press reported.

President Bush, attending his last summit as a sitting U.S. president, underscored the importance of providing aid for Africa, calling on wealthy nations to provide mosquito netting and other aid to prevent needless deaths, the AP reported.

Basic items - - even equipment as basic as mosquito netting - - can reduce mortality rates in sections of Africa. Mosquito netting prevents children and others from dieing of bites from disease-carrying mosquitoes.

In 2005 the G-8 pledged to increase global aid to $130 billion, and increase assistance to Africa to $50 billion. ONE, a nonpartisan group working to end extreme poverty, predicted that the U.S. and the United Kingdom will meet their commitments, while France, Italy, Germany and Canada are off the mark, Bloomberg News reported Monday.

Increased global food aid likely

Economist Glen Langan, whose specializations include agricultural economics, said increased aid for food and agricultural development will likely be announced by G-8 leaders at the summit, or soon thereafter, due to the rising cost of food's impact on poorer nations. "The aid will be targeted to meeting basic needs first, but with an eye toward directing some funds to self-sustaining agriculture," Langan said, adding that Africa "has the potential to achieve food production gains greater than South America."

At the G-8 summit the United States and Russia also reached a general agreement on their approach to Iran regarding its nuclear program, Bloomberg News reported Monday. The U.S., Russia, the European Union, and China have been working to persuade Iran - - including offering economic incentives - - to end its uranium enrichment program. The west says Iran is enriching uranium to produce a nuclear bomb. Iran says it wants the nuclear technology solely to produce electricity for civilian use.

Oil fell $4.86 to $140.43 per barrel early Monday afternoon after Iran, OPEC's no. 2 oil producer, expressed new confidence in the uranium talks with the west.

Langan said the summit, which will also include climate change talks, will probably be President Bush's last chance to forge a consensus on the aforementioned international issues. Langan does not expect a fixed target agreement on greenhouse gas emissions to spring from the Japan summit, "but if a ballpark figure is reached" among the major economic powers, that could lay the groundwork for an agreement after a new U.S. presidential administration commences in January 2009.

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Last updated: November 23, 2008: 01:56 PM

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