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ECB, BOE keep key, short-term interest rates the same

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Interest rates remain on hold across the pond.

The European Central Bank and the Bank of England kept benchmark, short-term interest rates the same Thursday, as the major central banks chose to take a wait-and-see stance amid the competing challenges of rising inflation and slowing growth.

The ECB kept its key rate, the refinance rate, at 4.25%; the BOE, its rate on commercial bank reserves, at 5%.

The euro and British pound were little changed versus the dollar after the decision. The euro strengthened about three-tenths of a cent to $1.541 and the British pound strengthened one-quarter cent to $1.9516 in Thursday afternoon trading in Europe.

Rates: tougher call for BOE

London-based economist Mark Chandler told BloggingStocks Thursday the Bank of England's circumstance is "a tougher call for monetary policy markers" than the ECB's.

"In the U.K., inflation is rising and the growth outlook is not good, whereas [continental] Europe has a better GDP outlook. So in that sense the Bank of England has a difficult task, similar to the U.S. Federal Reserve's. They have to find a way to bring down inflation from about 4% to 2% without causing a deeper contraction," Chandler said. "Given slowing growth right now, the best stance was to do nothing." The BOE has cut interest rates three times since December 2007.

Further, Chandler said, like the U.S., "the U.K. is hoping oil prices continue to drop" to take pressure off commodity price-fed inflation, although the oil/inflation effect has not been as strong in the U.K., due to Britain's less oil-intensive transportation system. After hitting record highs earlier this summer, oil has fallen about 18% in the past two months to about $121 per barrel.

Meanwhile, the ECB's monetary policy picture is considerably less complicated, Chandler said. The ECB can take a more-aggressive stance on inflation, given the euro-zone's stronger economy. Chandler said he expects ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet's statement latter today to emphasize the need to bring Europe's 3.8% inflation rate closer to the ECB's limit of 2%.

"Clearly, the ECB has more leeway to raise rates and fight inflation, because while growth is slowing, Europe's not likely to fall into a recession," Chandler said. "The U.K. and America don't have that luxury, given their slower growth conditions."

Monetary Policy Analysis: With the above in mind, attach the following biases to each central bank heading into the fall: BOE: neutral, Fed: neutral, ECB: bias toward increasing rates. In the best of all possible worlds, oil prices would moderate to below $90 per barrel - - easing inflation pressure and restoring some GDP growth to the world's major economies. Absent that, the major central banks face their most difficult stagflation problem since, perhaps, the 1970s.
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Last updated: November 10, 2009: 03:17 PM

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