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Federal Reserve starts buying mortgage backed securities

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U.S. policy makers are putting all hands on deck. All engines are being used to pull this train out of the station. In this case, nearly every cliché applies.

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York announced Monday it has started buying mortgage backed securities (MBS), as part of its $500 billion program to improve credit market liquidity and jump-start the housing market.

The Fed said it began buying MBS guaranteed by Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM), Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE), and Ginnie Mae. Purchase amounts will be published on the Fed's web site beginning January 8 and will be updated each Thursday.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management (NYSE: GS), Pacific Investment Management Co., and Wellington Management Co. will manage the $500 billion in MBS the Fed expects to purchase by June.


Economist Richard Felson said the Fed's tactic, called quantitative easing, is needed, but it remains to be seen whether it will be enough to free-up money in constrained credit markets.

"The initial $500 billion amount is not small, but it's still just a fraction of the $12 trillion home mortgage market," Felson said. "But don't misunderstand, the banks and financial institutions will appreciate the extra money. The question then becomes, will banks make a portion of that money available for loans, or will they sit on it? That's the $64,000 question, pardon the pun." Felson added that the decreased supply of MBS should improve their prices and lower their yields, thus lowering the spread, or the mortgage interest rate banks need to charge to ensure profitable securities.

Felson said he expects the initial $500 billion to propel a hodgepodge of bank responses - - with some banks freeing-up credit while others, perhaps with more-problematic balance sheets, using it to rebuild capital.

Monetary Policy / Economic Analysis: How well will the U.S. taxpayer fare in the Fed's quantitative easing program? That depends on what percent of the MBS are comprised of toxic assets (bad mortgages). Stay tuned.

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Last updated: November 24, 2009: 07:20 AM

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