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U.S. adds up to $2 trillion in debt... and the dollar rallies

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On a day when the United States committed up to $2 trillion more in government financing and programs to unlock credit markets -- probably the federal government's largest, one-day implied commitment in history -- the dollar rose against the euro and British pound.

The dollar strengthened 1.2 cents to $1.3821 and a gargantuan 4 cents to $1.4488 versus the British pound. The dollar also rose about one-half cent to $1.1584 versus the Swiss franc.

Now, in theory, increasing dollar commitments by the U.S. government means more dollars in circulation, which means every dollar is worth less -- a sequence that should cause the dollar to fall against the world's other major currencies. Not Tuesday, and really, when you review it, not since the financial crisis took hold in October 2008, so says economist David H. Wang. And the reason is basic: the dollar's status as a reserve currency, and as a safe haven.


"Today's actions suggest there is much more work ahead to loosen credit markets and jump-start the U.S. and global economies, and that pushed investors around the world out of stocks and into U.S. Treasuries, which benefits the dollar," Wang said. "After you review the data and historical behavior by nations, it is an entirely rational investment decision."

'The dollar is a safe haven'


"In spite of the U.S.'s large national debt, and major capitalization and economic repair tasks ahead, investors are saying 'This is the most appropriate and safest place to be with money right now.' The dollar is a safe haven." Wang said. "This reflects the belief that the United States still has enough resources to solve both the financial crisis and recession, and to a certain degree it also reflects investors' confidence in the American political system and the inherent fairness of the American people."

The dollar did fall 1.21 yen to 90.24 versus Japan's yen, primarily on the argument that Japan is less-exposed than the euro zone and the United Kingdom to toxic assets, Wang said.

Further, Wang said he's still reviewing data, but Tuesday's U.S. Treasury action "could have been the largest one-day commitment of U.S. government loans/loan guarantees in U.S. history," depending on the methodology used, although commitments for World War II (1941-1945) spending may have been larger, in the aggregate, real terms.

Dollar Analysis: For investors, the day's events mean a run on the dollar is not likely, at least not until the global economy starts to grow again, Wang said.

How fortunate it is to be an American, and a holder of American dollars: no other nation in the world could amass so much public debt -- more than $12 trillion to-date -- and commit another $2 trillion, and see its currency not only not plunge, but rise. However, after the U.S. and global economies start to recover, the U.S. will have to cut federal spending or raise taxes to prevent interest rates from rising.

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Last updated: November 26, 2009: 04:11 AM

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