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Four reasons we're stuck with high unemployment for a while

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Some of the jobs that have disappeared through this recession are gone forever, it seems. Even when the market turns, and even gains momentum, we could be stuck with a fairly weak employment market for a while. The recovery will take longer than we'd like, putting more distance between now and the top of the next market run. We've lost 7.2 million jobs since December 2007, and the predictions of some economists that we'll get them back by 2014 may actually seem optimistic.

Unemployment is at 9.8%, and it's expected to clear 10% early next year. Then, we have the specter of a jobless recovery with which to contend. "Full employment" is often considered to be an unemployment rate of 4% to 5%, but it could be a while before we get there. The last downturn, following the dotcom bust, resulted in a peak unemployment rate of 6.3% in 2003 ... and we're already well past that.

Why is the recovery going to be such a grind? Check out the four major reasons after the jump.

1. Auto and construction won't help
In the past, the auto and construction industries helped extract the U.S. economy from the jaws of recession. This time around, that seems unlikely. Detroit is in disarray, and the real estate sector is still a mess. There are plenty of new homes on the market, and more than a handful are in foreclosure. The number of mortgages underwater by 2011 could reach 50%.

2. Jobs and spending, spending and jobs
Consumer spending is the ticket out of a recession, but consumers won't shell out their cash unless they have steady paychecks on which to rely. Jobs are created by economic growth, which comes from consumers who go out and spend. Obviously, unemployment is the barrier. We're stuck in a vicious cycle; it's going to take something dramatic to break it.

3. Business loans aren't coming
Smaller and medium-sized businesses are having trouble getting banks to play ball. Without bank loans, they'll have trouble expanding ... which puts the brakes on job creation. Until the banks start lending a bit more (which is a lot to ask, given that easy credit got us into this mess), there won't be many new jobs coming to market.

4. Rich and poor have seen wells run dry
Homes with higher incomes aren't spending like they once did, thanks to the losses they've taken on the values of their homes and the beating their portfolios have endured. At the other end of the financial spectrum, credit's harder to come by, which is constraining consumer spending.

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Last updated: November 22, 2009: 04:46 AM

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