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Milken's weak defense of securitization

DealBook reports that junk bond king Mike Milken is trying to defend securitization. Despite pleading guilty to six felony counts of securities fraud and conspiracy, paying $600 million in fines and spending 22 months behind bars, Milken is still quite highly regarded. But the defense he offers of securitization is pretty thin gruel.

Milken and I both studied under the same professor at Wharton -- making me feel a bit like Forrest Gump. After he taught Milken, the management professor told me that he concluded Milken would either make enormous amounts of money or land in jail. The professor's prediction proved correct -- except that Milken did both.

Milken's defense appears to be that securitization and surgery are alike. DealBook quotes Milken as saying that criticizing securitization - the slicing and dicing of debt that he helped popularize - is "like condemning scalpels because a few unqualified surgeons have injured patients."

Continue reading Milken's weak defense of securitization

Fox Business pundit sells sex potion on the side; wife, Meredith Whitney, benefits

The New York Times has it all -- a story that mixes wrestling, Fox Business News (FBN), a hawker of sex potions, and bank analyst extraordinaire -- Meredith Whitney. This could well be the best business story of 2008.

John C. Layfield is the FBN commentator, former wrestler and hawker of a sex potion. Layfield sells Mamajuana Energy, a berry-flavored liquid that he developed and sells for $4.99 or less. He bills the two-ounce shots as an all-natural "sexual endurance drink" for men. Mamajuana - typically made from soaking tree bark and herbs in rum - has long been part of Dominican culture. And Layfield now bills it as liquid Viagra.

Is his wife, Meredith Whitney, a beneficiary of this potion? It's not clear how much profit it generates for Layfield's company but the Times reports that she is an investor in the company. And health supplement retailer, The Vitamin Shoppe, decided to stock Mamajuana Energy in its 340 stores. No doubt Layfield is relishing the chance to join his wife in the media spotlight with the publicity over Mamajuana. I only wonder whether the Times will regret the help it's giving to arch-rival, News Corp. (NYSE: NWS).

Peter Cohan is President of Peter S. Cohan & Associates. He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He has no financial interest in News Corp.

Serious Money: The page on Buffett Part V: Company Management

Warren Buffett speaks in northern Israel last September.Since I have been a shareholder of Berkshire Hathaway (NYSE: BRK.A), I have enjoyed reading with great interest the musings of company chairman Warren Buffett as he gives almost a play-by-play review of the year in his letter to shareholders. He writes in a tone I would compare to Will Rogers, the writer, actor, comedian, cowboy and former mayor of Beverly Hills.

"My pal Warren" highlights both the triumphs and disasters of the year and his own perspective of the State of the Union and the economy like only he can. I strongly recommend investors take the time to read his letter(s).

One of the most often referred to items in Buffett's letters is regarding the quality of the management at each of the companies that Berkshire owns, or has major stock holdings in. There are many shrewd investors who will make a convincing argument that the quality of management is the highest priority.

He glowingly speaks of the wisdom, integrity and hard work of his management partners. He openly states that one reason that most of Berkshire acquisitions tend to work so well is the mutual appreciation of these character traits they all share. Unlike many companies that look to make money by shaking up the management structure, Buffett bases his investment strategy on keeping the strong management that built the enterprise in place.

Continue reading Serious Money: The page on Buffett Part V: Company Management

Don't invest based on a company's fancy address

A piece in the latest issue of BusinessWeek discusses an interesting trend among scammers, charlatans, and con-artists: they're renting out virtual offices on Wall Street in an effort to enhance their credibility and project an image of success. For just $100 a month, they get a fancy address to put on stationary, a post office box, and a conference room they can use for occasional meetings -- all shared with dozens, or even hundreds or other clients.

The president of one company that rents out virtual offices to businesses told BusinessWeek that "As much as our services help hundreds of small businesses brand themselves, there will always be crooks who try to misuse the polished facade for their dirty business."

Maybe I'm a prude, but I would have nothing to do with a company using a "virtual office" for its address, even a legitimate one. I would argue that the goal of these set-ups is to mislead potential investors or customers -- projecting an image of something that differs from reality. Even if the company is legitimate, a phony address is still dishonest.

In any case, investors shouldn't be hoodwinked by a fancy sounding address. After all, Worldcom and Enron also had great addresses and pretty offices, and investors lost billions.

To avoid getting scammed -- or just losing money on a bad investment -- there are two things you can do: make sure you understand how a company makes its money, and make sure the returns offered aren't too good to be true. As the managers of West Coast Asset Management wrote in their book The Entrepreneurial Investor, the people who really understood Enron's business model did quite well -- but ended up in jail.

And use common sense. One firm that was using a "virtual office" promised returns of 25-30% per month. That's a better return per month than Warren Buffett earned per year. And if they could earn those great returns, why would they need your money? If it's so risk-free, can't they just borrow it from a bank for a lot less money?

Oracle comes up light

Shares of Oracle Corp. (NASDAQ: ORCL) fell in after-hours trading after the software maker reported inline earnings, indicating a slowdown in technology spending by businesses.

Net income rose 30% to $1.3 billion, or 30 cents per share, on revenue of $5.3 billion, according to the earnings press release. Analysts were expecting profit of 30 cents on revenue of $5.42 billion, according to Thomson Financial.

Until now, Wall Street was in love with the stock, sending the shares up about 13% this year at a time when many big-cap tech stocks have done poorly. This is the type of company that has conditioned investors to expect continued outperformance.

In fact, Bloomberg News went so far as to note: "Oracle Chief Executive Officer Larry Ellison, who led the software maker on a $33.5 billion spending spree, did more than add 39 businesses and 20,000 customers. He bought armor against a U.S. economic slump."

Guess that armor has some kinks in it now.

Tonight's conference call should be lively. The stock will fall even further if the company's guidance isn't extraordinarily optimistic.

Another big rise in bank write-offs

Some Wall Street analysts believe that most write-offs for subprime mortgages, LBO loans, and other credit paper are behind the big banks and brokerages. Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS) analysts think otherwise.

According to Bloomberg: "Wall Street banks, brokerages and hedge funds may report $460 billion in credit losses from the collapse of the subprime mortgage market, or almost four times the amount already disclosed."

If the analysis is true, it will cause two huge problems in the financial markets. The first is that banks and brokerages will probably have to raise more money. This capital may be hard to come by. Sovereign funds and private equity firms appear to have lost their appetites for investing in US financial companies while their stocks keep dropping. That leaves the Fed to provide more capital, which will have to come from someplace. That someplace is the tax base especially individual taxpayers.

The other byproduct of more losses is that banks will cut lending to customers even further instead of risking capital on consumer credit, auto loans, mortgages, and small business loans.

In other words, borrowing a dollar for a cup of coffee may be out of the question.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.

Heir apparent: The Heineken empire grows -- and keeps its sense of humor

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken's heir should take up the reigns of Heineken, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

It was Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken's father, Alfred "Freddie" Heineken, who built the family business from a small Dutch brewer into Europe's largest brewing empire. A well-known bon vivant, he was friendly with the Dutch royal family, and his sense of humor didn't abandon him even after a three-week kidnapping ordeal in 1983: he claimed that his kidnappers tortured him by making him drink Carlsburg.

On Freddie's death in 2003, his heir apparent and only child, Charlene, became the wealthiest woman in the Netherlands, now worth more than $7 billion. She lives a more low-key life in London with her five children and stock broker, and former Olympic skier, husband. She continues to hold the controlling stake in Heineken, though she hasn't been as involved in the company day-to-day as her father was. She told a family biographer that she intends to keep the business together until her heir apparent, her eldest son, is old enough to take on the mantle.

Continue reading Heir apparent: The Heineken empire grows -- and keeps its sense of humor

Heir apparent: Aerin Lauder Zinterhofer, the fresh face of faces

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Aerin Lauder Zinterhofer should take up the reigns of Estee Lauder, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

A cosmetics empire might seem the ultimate in puffery, the very materialization of vanity. But the venerable empire built by Estee Lauder and her powerhouse son, Leonard, has turned makeup into a very real financial juggernaut. And Aerin Lauder Zinterhofer, Leonard's niece, is not only the public face of the company but also the considerable creative brain of its marketing soul.

As granddaughter of the company's founder, Aerin is surely far-removed from the hardscrabble life that was The Estee Lauder Companies Inc (NYSE: EL) beginnings. She is a child of great wealth and, as such, is the inheritor not just of money and corporate responsibility but also of appearances. Aerin is not just the face of the company, but of a certain sense of style; her choices, from her cutlery to the clothing her two boys wear to (of course) her lip gloss, are signals to a certain subset of the fashion world. Aerin is not just the harbinger of styles, she is a style.

Can one go from being the face of a company to its head? If anyone is positioned to do so, it's Aerin. She didn't just grow up in the center of the fashion world, but in the center of the "old American money" world; her best friends are Lauren duPont and Renee Rockefeller, and they've been teaching her the ways of the powerful since she was a child.

Continue reading Heir apparent: Aerin Lauder Zinterhofer, the fresh face of faces

Heirs apparent: The Old-Testament tale of Ingvar Kamprad's three sons

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Ingvar Kamprad's sons should take up the reigns of IKEA, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

A frugal lifestyle and an eye for what's trendy have allowed Ingvar Kamprad to amass the world's fourth-largest fortune by selling $15 chairs and $450 sofas. The 81-year-old Swedish citizen launched the privately-held IKEA in 1947 and has built it into the world's largest furniture retailer, with stores in 34 countries. The notoriously frugal billionaire (worth about $33 billion) drives a decade-old car, flies coach, and furnishes his own home with the affordable products found in his stores.

While "Ingvar Kamprad" may not roll off the tongue with ease, the household brand name of IKEA is an acronym derived from his initials, the farm where he grew up (Elmtaryd) and his home county of Agynnaryd.

Into his 80s, Kamprad serves as senior adviser for the governing Ingka Foundation, but is not allowed to hold an official position on the five-person board due to his advanced years. Still it seems as though he pulls many of the strings. In fact, according to a 2006 Economist article, "[Kamprad's] control is so tight that not even [his] heirs can loosen it after his death."

Continue reading Heirs apparent: The Old-Testament tale of Ingvar Kamprad's three sons

Heir apparent: Aditya Mittal, steel's next magnate

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Aditya Mittal should take up the reigns of Arcelor Mittal, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

The cliché for an heir apparent is typified by the movie Tommy Boy: a dim-witted, irresponsible child pissing away the business and money the parent spent a lifetime accumulating. That cliché couldn't be more wrong in the case of Aditya Mittal, heir to the Arcelor Mittal Steel (NYSE: MT) business.

Even the term apparent is a bit misleading, since London resident Aditya, at 31, is already more of a partner to his father Lakshmi Mittal. As CFO, the Wharton-trained Aditya was the guiding force behind Mittal's most audacious move, the purchase of European steel giant Acelor for $38 billion, and has continued to push for the promised production increases and operational savings that justified the deal.

Continue reading Heir apparent: Aditya Mittal, steel's next magnate

What unemployment? Some folks have 3 jobs

There is never a shortage of jobs. Some people have two or three jobs. The classified adds have thousands of jobs all the time -- always. If someone is unemployed there is a reason and it is definitely not a lack of jobs.

Sometimes it is a regional lack of jobs, General Motors (NYSE: GM) and Ford Motor (NYSE: F) in the rust belt states of Michigan and Ohio have downsized, but foreign manufacturers Toyota (NYSE: TM) and Nissan Motors (NASDAQ:NSANY) in the Southeast have up sized. This does not help the states where jobs are leaving, and indeed causes other massive problems like weakening the tax base and pushing housing and other elements of the local economy down. However, from a national unemployment standpoint that does not count.

In our discussions of unemployment and the economic picture we attempt to understand the government figures and attribute some meaning. We know the government is prone to put things in their best light (lie) sometimes and there is discussion about what a true measure would be, but does that really matter? It is more important that whatever criteria is used remain constant so that we can use the data for comparisons, not that it be altered often as people become concerned about the exactness of the figures.

It might be time we need to account for a new set of metrics. What are the costs of retraining? How could these costs be distributed without expanding government -- not something I would support. We know that some people are not employable or are only marginally employable because they simply do not have the capability to do many jobs. I have numerous jobs, although generally speaking, I have created them myself over time. Clearly education and training are a factor, along with over all aptitude.

Continue reading What unemployment? Some folks have 3 jobs

Heir apparent: Allegra Versace outgrows the fairy tale

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Allegra Versace should take up the reigns of Versace, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

Allegra Versace was eleven years old when her uncle Gianni was murdered at his Florida villa. The fashion industry icon and founder of the Versace empire left half of his fortune to Allegra, with whom he had been especially close. "My children were his children," said Allegra's mother, Donatella Versace. "He was always with Allegra. Since she was nine years old she would go to museums with him. ... She would sit with him and go through art books. ... It was adorable. She was such an amazing, special little girl."

On her 18th birthday, Gianni's "little princess" came into her inheritance, worth $700 million and including real estate holdings worldwide. Donatella had protected Allegra from the media, but even all grown up Allegra has had little to say publicly about how she felt about the loss of her beloved uncle or about what she planned to do with the family firm. The Versace Group made it clear, however, that Donatella and Allegra Versace would bring a new face to the Versace label, which had struggled since the loss of its founder.

Continue reading Heir apparent: Allegra Versace outgrows the fairy tale

Heir apparent: Delphine Arnault, a wolf in cashmere

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think Delphine Arnault should take up the reigns of LVMH, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

Delphine Arnault is a London School of Economics grad as well as being the daughter of Bernard Arnault, chairman of LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton, the world's largest luxury conglomerate -- a company with an astonishing 30 billion Euros (about $47 billion) in assets. She was just 28 when in 2003 her father had her installed on the board of LVMH, where she was the youngest board member and the only woman. Having joined the company in 2000, she came to head Dior's shoe and bag division. Colleagues say she can seem shy, but that she's a careful observer and she appears to have inherited her father's determination. That may be why she's been called the "wolf in the cashmere coat."

She can often be found by her father's side, or even in his place, at fashion shows such as last September's Paris Fashion Week, where she and her husband Alessandro Gancia were "swarmed by paparazzi as though they were film stars." Even though she flew under the radar for a few years, she is reportedly becoming increasingly a public face of the company.

Continue reading Heir apparent: Delphine Arnault, a wolf in cashmere

Heir apparent: Is James Murdoch a chip off the old block?

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think James Murdoch should take up the reigns of News Corp., and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

James Murdoch seems the opposite of his father, media mogul Rupert Murdoch.

The younger Murdoch is described in media reports as a low-key family man who isn't much of a schmoozer. Rupert Murdoch loves to court politicians, something that doesn't seem to interest James. The fourth Murdoch child, though, did sow his wild oats when he was younger, dropping out of Harvard and founding a hip-hop music label that was later acquired by News Corp. (NYSE: NWS).

But James Murdoch got rid of the eyebrow stud and got serious about business. Sure, Rupert Murdoch's many detractors screamed "nepotism" when the old man named him to run the News Corp's British Sky Broadcasting business. Eventually, though, James Murdoch won them over by doing a bang-up job.

"He won over his critics in the city by hitting ambitious targets, increasing the number of Sky subscribers by more than one million, but he also eschewed his father's abrasive approach, saying early on that the company would be 'a partner not a pariah' to its rivals," according to The U.K,'s Observer newspaper.

Continue reading Heir apparent: Is James Murdoch a chip off the old block?

Heir apparent: David Lauren and the sport of style

This post is one of several on business heirs apparent. Let us know in the comments whether you think David Lauren should take up the reigns of Polo Ralph Lauren, and be sure to check out the other heir apparent posts.

David Lauren is unusual among his two siblings and father, Ralph: he is not an entrepreneur. Ralph Lauren is, after all, the very definition of a self-made man, having brought himself up from his humble beginnings as Ralph Lipshitz (it was his brother who suggested the name change) and forged a company worth several billion dollars today. But as the only Lauren sibling to work for Polo Ralph Lauren (NYSE: RL) -- as the SVP of Advertising, Marketing, and Corporate Communications -- he has been called the "heir apparent" to his father by more than one fashionable pundit.

As a junior investment banker, I analyzed Ralph Lauren's balance sheet more than once, seeking to show how well it might fit with another fashion house. The numbers were convincing, and it's probable that many a quiet chat was held between high-powered apparel executives based on these balance sheet combinations. The fact that nothing has ever materialized from this Wall Street cajolery is testament to the thing we all talked about but never appeared on our PowerPoint pitch slides: Ralph Lauren likes control. (I remember a story about a major photo shoot held up for hours because Ralph didn't approve of the shade of beige used in some thread, or something similarly outrageous.)

Many a sensible succession has been held up because the aging founder was unwilling to give up the corner office, in corporations and in kingdoms alike. For all his patrician good looks and endless charms, Ralph is rather unyielding in his patriarchy and certainly has not made David's path to the CEO spot a hop, skip and a jump.

Continue reading Heir apparent: David Lauren and the sport of style

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Last updated: May 18, 2008: 10:53 AM

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