US Senator Bernie Sanders, independent from Vermont, is known for his straightforward and unbiased positions.

His new legislative proposal is to break up big banks that are deemed "too big to fail." To quote Mr. Sanders: "if an institution is too big to fail, it is too big to exist. We should break them up so they are no longer in a position to bring down our entire economy."

Is a Fed rate tightening up ahead any time soon? Despite concern that low, real, short-term interest rates are hurting the dollar. Don't count on it.

First, the U.S. Federal Reserve wants to encourage banks to lend -- for auto purchases, and especially for business loans -- and nothing prompts banks to lend, even in tighter capital times, like low-interest-rate or zero-interest-rate money.

After haggling since September the US Senate finally passed an extension for unemployed persons and extended the credit for first time home buyers.

The situation for unemployed persons is dire. Here are just a few facts about their current situation:

• We have 15 million unemployed vying for just three million available jobs.
• 200,000 persons lost their benefits since September
• 7000 persons a day are losing their benefits.
• More than 1/3 of the unemployed have been out or work for at least six months.

The National Bankruptcy Research Center reported that there were 135,914 bankruptcies in October, up 9%. One third of the bankruptcies were filed under Chapter 13. Chapter 13 requires that the court set up a five year repayment plan for debts owed.

In addition business bankruptcies were up 7% for the same period.The forecast is for 1.4 million bankruptcies in 2009, the highest since 2005. In that year Congress revamped the bankruptcy laws to make it more difficult to wipe out all of a person's debts. There was a rush of filings in the months just before the new law was enacted.

The Federal Reserve Open Market Committee (FOMC) issued its statement almost exactly as expected. The language on interest rates is remaining low for an extended period of time remained largely unchanged, and the decision was unanimous.

As I have mentioned earlier, the Fed continues to avoid any potential language which could disrupt the financial markets. Any potentially controversial ideas seem to be reserved for speeches by the Chairman and other government officials.

One modest ray of light on the fiscal front for the United States: the U.S. Treasury, as expected, announced that total borrowing for the current quarter (October quarter) will be 43% lower, as a result of a reduction in money needed to help the U.S. Federal Reserve manage its balance sheet.

The Treasury said net borrowing will total $276 billion for October through December, compared to the previous estimate of $486 billion. The Treasury also projects a borrowing of $478 billion for the January-March quarter.

Investment-grade commercial real estate prices gained 4.4% in the third quarter of this year. But, it's hard to tell if -- like brief blips of hope we've seen in consumer spending, unemployment and even luxury meals in London -- this is a change in the market or just a tease.

This increase in the MIT Center for Real Estate's transaction-based index (TBI) is the first up-tick in more than a year and the biggest gain since the middle of 2007. One quarter doesn't make a trend, cautions David Geltner, director of research at the MIT Center for Real Estate, but he says, "this is the strongest sign of a bottom that we've had in two years." The TBI reached 36.5% below its 2007 peak last quarter, up from 39% from the high-water mark in mid-2007.

Over the past decade we seen at least $1 trillion dollars spent by private equity firms. These firms have taken over companies for a pittance and then pillaged them by slashing employees and cutting costs. They then used the money to pay down debt rather than rebuilding the company.

Now all of the debt thrown on the acquired companies is coming due and it could cause another economic disaster, even bring down the economy.

Against the backdrop of heightened public criticism, The U.S. Federal Reserve is trying to encourage banks to take the first step in controlling excessive pay and bonuses. Regulators have established broad guidelines for pay incentives and bonuses. However, they are quite loose and do not nail down any specifics. Regulators are trying to coax compliance before the end of the year.

Britain has taken the lead and mandated that a percentage of bankers' bonuses should be deferred for a number of years.

Why is there such a public outcry to curb excessive bankers' pay and bonuses?

If on Monday investors were ready to bounce back from Friday's selloff, today stock futures are sharply lower, indicating U.S. stock markets are poised to slump at the open ahead of the Federal Reserve two-day policy meeting that begins today. Another rate hike from Australia, poor results from UBS and weak European markets weigh on sentiment.

Monday was a volatile session. Stocks rallied in the morning following a surprise profit from Ford (NYSE: S) and an upbeat home sales reading, but mostly due to October's manufacturing index that jumped to its highest level in three and a-half years. That didn't hold up, though and the Dow skidded to negative territory only to bounce back later in the afternoon as buyers came back in.

New York Times (NYSE: NYT) columnist Paul Krugman argues quite persuasively that the major problem with the fiscal stimulus package was that it was too small, given the financial crisis and the large economic crater the accompanying, pronounced recession created.

Further, the fiscal stimulus' many benefits -- including substantial job retention in essential public services such as education -- are harder to see and not likely to translate into too much political gain for President Obama and Congressional Democrats, he said. That's consistent with a political science axiom -- often repeated by U.S. Rep. Barney Frank, D-Massachusetts -- that "Congress gets little credit or benefit for averting something." Indeed, retained jobs are hard to see, and the fact that a local public school system is is still operating with as many teachers is an accomplishment, but one that most American voters will take for granted, and not give Democrats credit for.

The New York Times has a nice write-up on the small, local banks that are taking advantage of their bailout virginity to lure in customers who might prefer to do business with a bank that isn't on welfare.

USAA Federal Savings Bank (Full Disclosure: I have my mortgage and credit card with USAA and it is easily the best financial institution in the world) has begun touting its lack of bailout money in a $25 million ad campaign with the tag line "Banks don't need bailouts, people do." Worthington National Bank put up a sign that says "Just say no to bailout banks."

Export orders were on the rise in October in China, suggesting a strengthening recovery and an opportunity to cut back on stimulus spending. The manufacturing measure grew at its fastest rate in the past year and a half, according to the HSBC (NYSE: HBC) purchasing managers' index. It increased to a seasonally adjusted 55.4 from 55 in September.

If you're looking for a reason behind the gain, it's all in the flow of capital. In addition to the government's economic stimulus package, $1.27 trillion in new loans were written to help deliver the country from the global financial crisis.

Century-old CIT Group Inc filed for bankruptcy in the Southern District Court of New York on Sunday.

According to the terms of the bankruptcy, bondholders will hold new CIT Group Inc. (NYSE: CIT) debt worth about 70% of the face value of the old debt. Preferred creditors, including the U.S. government, will get money only after other creditors are paid back. Common shareholders will receive nothing.

In December 2008, the U.S. government invested $2.33 billion dollars in CIT under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP).

U.S. stock futures were significantly higher Monday morning, with Wall Street ready to start November on a solid note following Friday's sharp selloff. This morning is indicative of the week ahead full of earnings and economic data. In addition, this week also features the Federal Reserve policy meeting.

On Friday, markets skidded some 2.5 percent as the fate of CIT Group (NYSE: CIT) hung in balance and the strength of the economic recovery, and with it the markets' rally, questioned. And after seven months winning streak, which took Wall Street over 50 percent higher from March lows, October finished in a down note.