Tech giant Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) reported its fiscal second quarter numbers this afternoon, easily beating out Wall Street estimates for the quarter.

Analysts had been expecting the company to report earnings of $1.07 a share, and the company actually reported earnings of $1.16 for its most recent quarter. Sales came in way above estimates as well, with a reported $7.51 billion, exceeding the $6.964 billion analysts had been looking for.

Today's report should help wipe any concerns that the current economic slowdown in America is negatively affecting the company's business.

Bloomberg News reports that Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) lost $5.11 billion in the first quarter. This was worse than analysts had expected and was its second straight quarterly loss on at least $15 billion of writedowns and increased loan losses as customers fell behind on home, car and credit-card payments. Specifically, Citigroup's loss of $1.02 per share is the opposite of its profit of $5 billion, or $1.01 per share, in the first three months of 2007. Analysts were expecting a loss of 95 cents per share.

But it looks like Citi is doing something about the problem. Bloomberg News reports that Citi plans to cut costs by as much as 20%. It cites a Financial Times story that quoted CEO Vikram Pandit as saying: "It is clearly feasible for Citigroup to take 10, 15, 20 percent off its cost base, especially in information technology and operations." The cuts would include job losses among Citi's 370,000 employees.

And although its revenue plunged 48% to $13.2 billion, Citi beat analysts' expectations of $11.1 billion. Investors seem to be cheering the news about the cost cuts and the lower than expected drop in revenues. Citi is up 8.8% in pre-market.

Peter Cohan is President of Peter S. Cohan & Associates. He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He owns Citigroup shares.

General Electric (NYSE: GE) not only disappointed Wall Street investors this past Friday with its horrible results, but shocked investors as CEO Jeffrey Immelt gave the "all is alright" signal in mid-March. He should resign as he has had nearly 7 years to grow this once great company.

GE should also bite the bullet and spin off several segments into separately traded companies. I wrote about this extensively last year for AOL, but now the rationale is abundantly clear. This company--a major conglomerate--cannot deliver decent shareholder returns. Immelt took the reigns of GE on September 7,2001 when the stock was at $40. Nearly 7 years later the shares are at $32 and barely holding on. I find it amusing that some "value" investors think GE is interesting at this level. These were the same investors that found GE interesting and a value-play at $38 last year.

The problem with GE is not that it's too big: the problem is it is too complex. The largest industrial company in the world now is Exxon Mobil (NYSE: XOM) with expected revenues this year of $550 billion. This company however is strictly in the energy sector--it's measurable and quantifiable. GE is a mish-mash of businesses, from light bulbs to jet engines to appliances to consumer loans, whereby some segments are doing well and others horribly. How does any analyst assign a proper PE ratio expectation?

One segment, the infrastructure division grew its revenues by an admirable 23% this past March quarter and its profits by 17%. With this kind of growth and visibility into the next 18-24 months on revenues because of contractual commitments, this division alone could command a 25 + PE ratio. GE as a whole is now trading at 14 X 2008 EPS estimates of $2.20-2.30.

The GE Financial segment was woeful and provided the negative surprise. This segment on its own would trade at a PE ratio of between 9-11 times. The NBC-Universal division showed only 3% year-over-year growth, but cash flowed very well. This segment should command a 15-17 PE multiple.

The Wall Street Journal reports (subscription required) that 2007 was a record year for share buybacks, especially among financial companies. With the market down, a lot of those repurchases aren't looking so smart. The Journal adds that "the buyback boom looks to be in its final innings. In the fourth quarter last year, buybacks fell 18% from the previous quarter, the biggest quarter-to-quarter drop in more than five years."

Making it worse, many of those companies that bought back stock aggressively are now issuing more stock to shore up their balance sheets, and those offerings are being priced at beaten-down valuations. Companies have essentially bought back stock at $100, then sold it at $50, and paid a bunch of fees in the process. Not a good business model.

But let's not throw the baby out with the bath water. Because of the unfavorable tax treatment of dividends, I would argue that share buybacks are the best way for companies to invest excess cash when opportunities to achieve high returns reinvesting in the business are not available. If you're long a stock, presumably you think it's undervalued -- so why would you want to have the company send you cash to pay taxes on, rather than giving you a larger chunk of the business?

The problem is that many buybacks seem to have been done for the purpose of propping up the share price while insiders dumped. But that's a separate issue.

Pity the hapless ex-CEO who has to explain to the U.S. Congress how he got millions for failing at his job. It's like the person in the horror movie who doesn't realize that a bad guy is lurking in the dark woods even though that's clearly indicated by the scary music. In this case, the knife-wielding psycho Jason Voorhees is being played by Rep. Henry "I haven't met a microphone I didn't like" Waxman (D-CA).

What did former Countywide Financial Corp. (NYSE: CFC) Chief Executive Angelo Mozilo, former Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) CEO Charles Prince and former Merrill Lynch & Co. (NYSE: MER) head Stan O'Neal expect to happen? That they would finally be able to tell their "side" of the story? That they would be able to counteract media perceptions that they are a bunch of greedy pigs who were rewarded for their incompetence? Apparently, these once mighty kings of the boardroom were that deluded.

Mozilo was the most outrageous, telling the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform that, "In short, as our company did well, I did well." The Wall Street Journal (subscription required) noted that Waxman, who locked horns recently with baseball great Roger Clemens, wasn't buying it.

Ford Motor (NYSE: F) announced today that it plans to produce fewer cars during the first quarter this year than it did last year.

The company announced yesterday that it now expects to build 685,000 vehicles in North America during the quarter, a drop of 55,000 from the same period last year. That works out to a 7.4% decline.

Ford plans to improve its North American sales results in 2008, but still plans on seeing losses again this year. The company is in the middle of a turn-around plan that it thinks will take it back into profitability next year.

It has definitely been a tough run for the struggling automaker, and it is now predicting that it will have a 14 to 15% market share in the U.S. with its Ford, Lincoln and Mercury brands during the year.

Michael Fowlkes has worked as a stock trader for seven years and spent the last four years working as an analyst for the online investment advisory service Investor's Observer.

Wendy's (NYSE: WEN) handling of its review of strategic alternatives has been very strange from a PR perspective. Back in June, the company earned a place on TheStreet.com's "5 Dumbest Things on Wall Street" for its slew of press releases announcing that the company was for sale: "Under its latest effort to win over Wall Street, the company has taken to announcing once a month that it's up for sale."

With its stock down about 40%, no buyer has yet emerged for the company. Today Wendy's announced that the "Special Committee of its Board of Directors, which is reviewing the Company's strategic options, believes that it is in the final stages of its review process."

That's right: a press release saying nothing except that they're almost done with their review -- What does that even mean? 2 more days? 2 more months? They don't say but they caution investors that "there is no assurance that the process will result in any changes to the Company's current plans or when a specific announcement may be made."

The press release added: "The review process being undertaken by the Special Committee has taken longer than anticipated, primarily due to the continuing turmoil in the financial markets."

What goes unsaid is that the stock's sharp decline in value would seemingly make it more attractive as an acquisition.

But with the stock down more than 7% today, it doesn't look like investors are betting on that.

Shares of e-commerce giant eBay Inc. (NASDAQ: EBAY) are trading around 7% lower in after hours trading today following its fourth quarter earnings release shortly after the market close.

As I looked at in my earnings preview, the company has been struggling to keep up with the competition in its auction business. Two key components that have hurt eBay's auction business are (1) raising fees that have left some of the company's long term users looking for other venues to do their business, and (2) large number of fraudulent items on the site.

The company announced that its fourth quarter numbers were actually better than Wall Street had expected, with earnings per share of 45 cents per share, easily topping the 41 cents that analysts had been expecting to see.

The crazy market of 2008 has served up another lesson: don't count on anything! Talking heads this morning were getting ready for the funeral of the American markets. They were getting ready to issue a one way ticket to Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke. Then, the sunshine came back with a vengeance. What happened?

I spoke to several portfolio managers and trading desks today around the world and the overwhelming consensus was the bargains were staring us in the face. I have written ad nauseam that the American banks were going to throw everything they could into the December 31, 2007 quarter ... and they did. Wachovia Corporation (NYSE: WB) and Bank of America Corporation (NYSE: BAC) both "missed" their respective quarters. I celebrated because if it didn't move, they wrote it off or wrote it down. Banks have rallied in a big way. Be careful with Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) because that one is not finished with bad news!

Former Citigroup (NYSE: C) Chief Executive Chuck Prince isn't going to feel the pinch of the worst real estate market in a generation that he helped create.

Prince has put his place in Greenwich, Connecticut -- a tony New York City suburb that is home to countless hedge funds and celebrities such as Tommy Hilfinger and Regis Philbin -- up for sale at the asking price of $6.15 million, according to Bloomberg News. The Tudor-style manor house was sold in 1996 for $2.27 million, according to ZIllow.com. By my calculations, that would be a profit of 170%.

Too bad that most homeowners aren't as fortunate as Mr. Prince. The National Association of Realtors is due to release its figures for December home sales later this week, and it isn't going to be pretty. Economists surveyed by Bloomberg News expect sales to have fallen 1% to 4.95 million, the fewest since records began in 1999.

The former Wall Street hot-shot, though, doesn't need to concern himself with the needs of ordinary folks anymore. He was pushed out the door at Citigroup with a retirement package worth about $60 million. "By retiring rather than being fired, he preserved the right to keep about 743,640 Citigroup shares with a market value of about $26.7 million, compensation consultant Brian Foley based in White Plains, New York, said at the time," Bloomberg notes.

Prince's realtor told Bloomberg that the Greenwich house, which includes an entrance hall with barrel-vaulted ceilings, an exercise room with a sauna and shower and a dining room that sits 12, "no longer meets his needs." Prince also has a place on New York's Park Avenue.

It must be nice to be able to live your life not having to face the consequences of your actions.

Tomorrow morning before the market opens, General Electric (NYSE: GE) will get its chance to impress Wall Street when it reports its fourth-quarter numbers. So far its been a pretty turbulent earnings season, so let's hope that GE can give the market something positive to rally behind.

Going into tomorrow's report, analysts are expecting to see the company show earnings of 68 cents a share, and revenues of $47.2 billion. The last time that the company reported earnings was back on October 12 when it matched estimates for its third quarter, with earnings of 50 cents.

The stock could definitely use some good news. Over the past three months the stock has been struggling, and as of the close of yesterday's trading session, the stock is trading at $34.56, which is only 1.9% above its 52-week low of $33.90.

After a rocky 2007, Marsh & Mclennan Companies (NYSE: MMC), the world's largest insurance broker, is looking to shake things up for 2008, and for starters the company has announced it will be replacing its CEO, Michael Cherkasky.

At the start of 2007, MMC was trading at $31.00 a share, and had dropped 19.7% through last night's closing of $24.89. With the price pressure that the stock has been under this year, it really is not too surprising that the company is looking for new leadership. Cherkasky is the second big shake up on the company's board this month. Earlier this month, Dan Glaser was appointed as chairman and chief executive of the company, replacing Brain Storm who left the position back in September.

2008 could prove to bring in even more changes for the struggling company. Analysts are already speculating that whoever is chosen to replace Cherkasky will be forced to deal with the possibility of breaking up the company.

The Associated Press reports that Merrill Lynch & Co. (NYSE: MER) is in talks to accept a $5 billion investment from Singapore's Temasek Holdings. This is the latest in a string of investments from Asian and Middle Eastern government funds -- called Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) -- which oversee between $2 trillion and $15 trillion.

Of the countries that are buying up big chunks of our financial system, Singapore is among the least threatening. I have visited there several times and find it a beautiful country. However, it has some puritanical social policies -- such as prohibiting people from chewing gum -- a ban it relaxed in 2002. I doubt its investment in Merrill will lead Singapore to impose its gum chewing ban on the U.S..

Merrill is soon to announce additional write-downs of assets thanks to the ratings downgrade of bond insurer ACA Financial Guarantee Holdings. One estimate suggested Merrill would write down $3 billion because ACA's lack of capital transfers the cost of bad Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO) investments from ACA to Merrill.

But who knows? There's no reason to think we've reached the bottom -- of either the asset write-downs or the SWF buy-up of our banking system.

Peter Cohan is President of Peter S. Cohan & Associates. He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He has no financial interest in Merrill Lynch securities.

A fund affiliated with restaurant super-investor Nelson Peltz has acquired a 14% stake in Cheesecake Factory (NASDAQ: CAKE), sending shares of the dining chain up 10% on Wednesday.

The company said that it "has had a preliminary conversation with Triarc (Pelz's firm) already, and looks forward to continuing that dialogue."

According (subscription required) to the Wall Street Journal, "Mr. Peltz has bought stakes in several other restaurant and food companies, including Wendy's International Inc.(NYSE: WEN) and H.J. Heinz Co (NYSE: HNZ). At those companies, he has pressed directors and executives to sell brands, increase marketing or otherwise change their strategies in an effort to raise their stock prices. Mr. Peltz has said he prefers to work with existing management to effect change, though in the past his involvement has prompted reshuffling of company management and boards."

Cheesecake Factory has struggled to provide investors with strong returns over the past few years, and was scraping a multi-year low before the Petlz announcement sent the stock up.

It was only a couple of months ago when drug maker Novartis AG (NYSE: NVS) announced that it would be slashing 1,260 jobs in the U.S., and today we get news of another 2,500 job cuts worldwide by the year 2010.

Novartis has been particularly hard hit lately in the generic drug market from increased regulatory demands and Increased competition. During the July through September quarter, the company showed that profit fell by over 12 percent. The company did, however, benefit nicely from the sale of its Gerber baby foods and Medical Nutrition units to Nestle SA.

Looking ahead, the company is hoping that it will be able to regain momentum though engineering new drugs and streamlining its units.