As expected, Ashland Inc. (ASH) continues to advance, which is why I'm reiterating my buy rating for the company, first recommended on May 4, 2009 at a price of $26.43. If you bought ASH in May, you're ahead about 43%.

Ashland makes specialty resins, polymers, and adhesives for sale in North America and Europe. It also owns the Valvoline oil-change brand and oil service chain, and the Zerex anti-freeze brand, among other business operations.

Right now, it's all about Ashland: I'm Reiterating my Buy rating for Ashland (NYSE: ASH), first recommended on May 4, 2009 at a price of $26.03. If you purchased then, you're up about 40%. Not bad, for an economy that's just starting to pull out of a recession.

Ashland makes specialty resins, polymers, and adhesives for sale in North America and Europe. It also owns the Valvoline oil-change brand and oil service chain, and the Zerex anti-freeze brand, among other business operations.

Analyst upgrades:

• Jefferies upgraded Warner Chilcott (NASDAQ: WCRX) to Buy from Hold. The firm views Warner Chilcott's acquisition of P&G's (NYSE: PG) pharma business as a positive given its attractive product fit and purchase price.
• ThinkEquity upgraded Google (NASDAQ: GOOG) to Buy from Source of Funds and raised its target to $550 from $400. Previously, the firm thought Google Street estimates were too high and that low single-digit growth in Q2 and Q3 would cause multiple contraction. They said their thesis played out fundamentally but they were wrong on the stock. Given Q2 has past, the analyst raised estimates above consensus and expects an in-line Q3 and for shares to outperform as the economic cycle turns.
• Bernstein upgraded Diageo (NYSE: DEO) to Outperform from Market Perform and views Diageo's valuation as attractive. The firm expects 2H09 results on August 27 to mark a bottom in weakening top-line trends.
• Costco (NASDAQ: COST) was upgraded to Market Perform from Underperform at William Blair.
• Lowe's (NYSE: LOW) was upgraded to Overweight from Equal Weight at Morgan Stanley.
• Siemens (NYSE: SI) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at BofA/Merrill.

Analyst upgrades:

• Citigroup upgraded Advanced Micro (NYSE: AMD) to Buy from Hold and raised its target to $5.50 from $4.25 citing valuation and expectations for the company's competitive position and gross margins to improve.
• Barclays upgraded American Express (NYSE: AXP) to Overweight from Equal Weight citing long-term earnings growth as the company benefits from declining charge-offs and credit costs. The firm has a $38 target on the stock.
• JPMorgan upgraded Arch Coal (NYSE: ACI) to Overweight from Neutral and raised its target to $22 from $19 citing the FTC approval for the acquisition of Jacobs Ranch mine and valuation.
• Bebe Stores (NASDAQ: BEBE) was upgraded to Overweight from Equal Weight at Stephens.
• Cheesecake Factory (NASDAQ: CAKE) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at Piper Jaffray.
• Ashland (NYSE: ASH) was upgraded to Buy from Hold at KeyBanc.

Just call Ashland a specialist at mixing things. Ashland (NYSE: ASH) makes specialty resins, polymers, and adhesives for sale in North America and Europe. It also owns the Valvoline oil brand and oil service chain, and the Zerex anti-freeze brand, among other business operations.

In Q1, Ashland exceeded the First Call EPS estimate, despite sluggish-to-poor demand conditions that saw volumes decline 10-40%. Further, the integration of acquired Hercules Inc. has gone well, with more than $60 million in operational savings registered as of the close of Q1. The First Call F2009 / F2010 EPS estimates for ASH are $1.52 / $1.95.

Analyst upgrades:

• Morgan Stanley upgraded CNOOC Ltd (NYSE: CEO) to Equal Weight from Underweight to reflect higher crude oil price estimates.
  
• Goldman upgraded VMware (NYSE: VMW) to Conviction Buy from Neutral and raised its target to $29 from $27 following positive checks that indicate strong business actively. The analyst expects VMW's revenue growth to be up 9% in 2009 vs. expectations for overall IT spending to be down.
  
• UBS upgraded ON Semiconductor (NASDAQ: ONNN) to Buy from Neutral and raised its target to $5 from $3.80 based on positive Asia checks that indicate an improving demand outlook and that the company could beat near-term expectations.
• Vodafone (NYSE: VOD) was lifted to Buy from Neutral at Goldman and to Overweight from Equal Weight at Morgan Stanley.
  
• Ashland (NYSE: ASH) was raised to Overweight from Neutral at JP Morgan.

Analyst upgrades:

• Jefferies upgraded Legg Mason (NYSE: LM) to Buy from Hold on valuation following the recent sell-off, as they find the risk/reward attractive at current levels. However, the firm lowered their target to $23 from $44.
  
• Merriman raised First Solar (NASDAQ: FSLR) to Buy from Neutral after the company showed "industry leading growth" in Q3. The firm has a 12-month price target range of $185 to $195 per share.
• Ladenburg upgraded KeyCorp (NYSE: KEY) to Buy from Neutral.
• Citigroup upgraded shares of Silicon Laboratories (NASDAQ: SLAB) to Buy from Hold on valuation and expects the company to post above average industry growth in 2009.
• Janus Capital (NYSE: JNS) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at JP Morgan.
  
• Associated Estates Realty (NYSE: AEC) was upgraded to Outperform from Neutral at Baird.
  

Analyst downgrades:

Shares of U.S. Steel Corp. (NYSE: X) and Hercules Inc. (NYSE: HPC) soared Tuesday after the former reported that its third-quarter profits more than tripled and the latter said during its Q3 report that the necessary regulatory approval had been received for its acquisition by rival chemical company Ashland Inc. (NYSE: ASH).

Pittsburgh-based U.S. Steel reported the most profitable quarter in its history as higher prices led to record gains in its tubular and flat-rolled steel businesses. Its net income totaled $919 million, or $7.79 per share, in the quarter, which was 70.8% higher than a year earlier, and quarterly sales soared 68% to $7.31 billion. Excluding one-time charges related to a union labor agreement and environmental remediation, U.S. Steel earned $8.79 per share.

Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters, on average, had predicted earnings of $7.09 per share on revenue of $7.2 billion.

The company warned that the volatile global economic climate could hurt results for the rest of the year. Steel prices have deteriorated globally in recent weeks as demand has slowed.

After falling to a 52-week low on Tuesday morning, shares rose 14.2% to close at $35.20. Shares are down 70.8% year to date.

John Reese is an expert in analyzing the investment criteria of "legendary" advisors with time-tested strategies. And one market approach that may be of particular interest to investors during the current period of market turmoil is the value strategy developed by Benjamin Graham. (For more on this strategy, see our other post, "Three Rules of Value Investing".)

In his Validea newsletter, John reese explains, "Benjamin Graham -- considered the greatest investment guru by Warren Buffett -- built his reputation by using an extremely conservative, low-risk approach to investing." Buffett, incidentally, was Ben Graham's student.

Reese continues, "To Graham, preserving one's original capital was every bit as important as netting big gains. Having lived through the 1929 market crash, it's no surprise that the strategy Graham laid out in his classic book The Intelligent Investor was a conservative, loss-averse approach.

"To Graham, an investment wasn't something that could be turned into quick, easy profits; anything that offers such 'easy' rewards also comes with substantial risk, and Graham abhorred risk. In terms of specifics, Graham's approach limited risk in a number of ways, and my Graham-based model lays out several of those methods.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: BP Plc, Swiss Reinsurance and A. Schulman were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• Morgan Stanley upgraded shares of BP Plc (NYSE: BP) to Overweight from Equal Weight as they believe the company is at an inflection and net income should grow 22% in 2009.
  
• UBS upgraded Swiss Reinsurance (OTC: SWCEY) to Neutral from Sell on the company's balance sheet, which they believe is solid, but still sees material risk to consensus estimates.
  
• KeyBanc upgraded shares of A. Schulman (NASDAQ: SHLM) to Buy from Hold as they believe the new CEO has had a significant positive impact and that downside is limited from current levels.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• NASDAQ OMX Group (NASDAQ: NDAQ) was raised to Buy from Neutral at Piper.
  
• Ashland (NYSE: ASH) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at JP Morgan.
  
• BMO Capital upgraded Regal Entertainment (NYSE: RGC) to Outperform from Market Perform.
  
• Goldman upgraded Northrop Grumman (NYSE: NOC) to Neutral from Sell.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: J Crew, Ryanair and Sigma Designs were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Citigroup downgraded shares of J Crew (NYSE:JCG) to Sell from Hold following the company's lowered guidance as they expect slowing sales to push shares lower. The firm cut their target to $34 from $42. Wachovia downgraded J Crew to Market Perform from Outperform based on lower growth rate forecast, sourcing costs, and competitive pressures.
  
• Ryanair (NASDAQ:RYAAY) was cut to Neutral from Buy at UBS to reflect the rise in fuel costs and lower face prices.
  
• RBC Capital downgraded Sigma Designs (NASDAQ:SIGM) to Sector Perform from Outperform following the Q1 report and cited pricing pressure.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Piper downgraded Costco (NASDAQ:COST) to Neutral from Buy.
  
• Ashland (NYSE:ASH) was cut at JP Morgan to Underweight from Neutral.
  
• Friedman Billings cut Southwestern Energy (NYSE:SWN) to Market Perform from Outperform and removed the stock from the Top Picks list.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: ConocoPhillips, Ashland and Wynn Resorts were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• Goldman upgraded ConocoPhillips (NYSE: COP) to Buy from Neutral, as they see the stock as inexpensive but views the upgrade "as much about avoiding near-term earnings risk with our pure-play refiners."
  
• Jefferies upgraded shares of Ashland (NYSE: ASH) to Buy from Hold on valuation as they find the risk/reward "intriguing" at current levels.
  
• Bear upgraded Wynn Resorts (NASDAQ: WYNN) to Outperform from Peer Perform citing valuation and Macau operating momentum.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Photon Dynamics (NASDAQ: PHTN) was raised to overweight from Equal Weight at Lehman.
  
• PepsiAmericas (NYSE: PAS) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at HSBC.
  
• JP Morgan upgraded Nordic American Tanker (NYSE: NAT) to Neutral from Underweight.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Smart Balance, Cascal NV and Ashland were today's noteworthy initiations:

• Citigroup initiated Smart Balance (NASDAQ: SMBL) with a Hold rating and $9 target, as they believe success of the company's new products is not a foregone conclusion and prefers to wait for increased visibility before becoming more positive on the name.
  
• JP Morgan believes Cascal NV (NYSE: HOO) will leverage its global scale and expertise in water infrastructure markets to drive 25% annual EPS growth through 2010. The firm has an Overweight rating on the stock.
  
• Ashland (NYSE: ASH) was started with a Positive rating as Susquehanna, as they are positive on ASH's earnings power. The firm views shares as a compelling risk/reward opportunity.

OTHER INITIATIONS:

• Broadpoint assumed SuccessFactors (NASDAQ: SFSF) with a Strong Buy rating and $12 target.
  
• Morgan Stanley initiated Fastenal (NASDAQ: FAST) with an Equal Weight rating and $40 target.
  
• RBC Capital started Ultra Petroleum (NYSE: UPL) with a Sector Perform rating and $80 target.

Market pullbacks and periods of protracted economic sluggishness are not the most tranquil circumstances, to say the least, but they do create value plays, and with the above in mind, Ashland is worth a review.

Ashland Inc. (NYSE: ASH) is a global, diversified chemical company that's involved in the plastic, resin/polymer, water treatment, and oil-change fields.

Analysts expect high-single-digit revenue growth for Ashland's water technology and Valvoline segments, but softer growth in performance materials and chemicals.

Further, a restructuring initiative is yielding cost reductions; margins remain adequate. Moreover, there is a sense that ASH's shares do not reflect the improving outlook in many of ASH's businesses, and ASH's p/e of 14 speaks to that undervaluation. The Reuters FY 2008/FY 2009 EPS consensus estimates for ASH are $3.19/$3.83.