Analyst upgrades:

• Credit Suisse upgraded Motorola (NYSE: MOT) to Outperform from Neutral after the close Monday. The firm believes Motorola's devices segment will approach breakeven in 2010 while operating margins in nonhandset segments will expand, and that a break-up story will reemerge. Credit Suisse raised its target on shares to $9.50 from $7.
• UBS upgraded BHP Billiton (NYSE: BHP) to Buy from Neutral. The firm cites BHP's leverage to iron ore, coking coal, copper, and oil for its upgrade after raising its commodity price forecasts.
• Merriman upgraded Walter Energy (NYSE: WLT) to Buy from Neutral to reflect higher met coal price forecasts. The firm believes Chinese demand is strong and has a target range of $66-$72 on the stock.
• Intersil (NASDAQ: ISIL) was upgraded to Outperform from Perform at Oppenheimer.
• Coach (NYSE: COH) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at BofA/Merrill.
• Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) was upgraded to Buy from Hold at Citigroup.

American Axle (NYSE: AXL) closed at $2.01. AXL entered into a waiver and amendment to the company's credit, facility, which provides the company a waiver of its financial covenants through July 30, 2009. AXL options were active on July 29 with 30,608 contracts trading. AXL August 2.5 straddle is priced at 1.40, October 2.5 straddle is priced at $2.35 suggesting large price movement.

Patterson-UTI Energy (NYSE: PTEN) closed at $14.23. PTEN, an operator of 60 drilling rigs, is expected to report Q2 EPS today. PTEN August option implied volatility is at 55, September is at 49; below its 26-week average of 64. PTEN options were active on July 29 with 6,452 contracts, trading according to Track Data.

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com

Analyst upgrades:

• Keefe Bruyette upgraded IberiaBank (NASDAQ: IBKC) to Market Perform from Underperform following the company's capital raise, which the firm believes strengthens IberiaBank's balance sheet. Baird upgraded IberiaBank to Outperform from Neutral based on valuation following weakness related to the $100M capital raise.
  
• Pali upgraded shares of Urban Outfitters (NASDAQ: URBN) to Neutral from Sell on valuation as they believe the company's comp slowdown is largely priced in at current levels.
  
• Morgan Keegan upgraded Casey's General Store (NASDAQ: CASY) to Outperform from Market Perform based on valuation, healthy SSS, and easing comps.
• Cabot OIl & Gas (NYSE: COG) and Royal Dutch Shell (NYSE: RDS.A) were added to Goldman's Conviction Buy List.
  
• American Capital (NASDAQ: ACAS) was raised to Market Perform from Underperform at Friedman Billings.
  
• CIBC lifted Manulife (NYSE: MFC) to Sector Outperformer from Sector Performer.

Analyst downgrades:

• Goldman downgraded Caterpillar (NYSE: CAT) to Sell from Neutral based on expectations for reduced capex spending by mining and oil & gas companies and the impact from the credit crunch.
  
• Deutsche Bank downgraded auto companies and suppliers as they believe the failed government bailout increases risks. Ford (NYSE: F), American Axle (NYSE: AXL), Magna International (NYSE: MGA) and Lear (NYSE: LEA) were downgraded to Sell from Hold.
  
• SAP (NYSE: SAP) was cut to Hold from Buy at Jefferies to reflect the "deteriorating" corporate IT spend environment.
• Waters (NYSE: WAT) was downgraded to Neutral from Overweight at JP Morgan.
  
• Agilent (NYSE: A) was lowered to Equal Weight from Overweight at Barclays; the firm also downgraded Varian (NASDAQ: VARI) to Underweight from Equal Weight.

Analyst initiations:

• Jefferies believes Core Laboratories (NYSE: CLB) is well positioned to benefit from the increasing need for reservoir optimization services. Shares were initiated with a Buy rating and $70 target.
  
• Deutsche Bank initiated Capital One (NYSE: COF) with a Sell rating and $24 target, citing the difficult economic environment and the potential for higher credit losses.
  
• Soleil started Hexcel (NYSE: HXL) with a Buy rating and $10 target and expects the company's military business to remain strong through 2010.
• On Semiconductor (NASDAQ: ONNN) was assumed with a Neutral rating and $3.80 target at UBS.
  
• Cbeyond (NASDAQ: CBEY) was initiated at Oppenheimer with a Perform rating.
• Brocade (NASDAQ: BRCD) was started with a Neutral rating at Piper Jaffray.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM) is not the only auto company in a world of hurt. Its vendors are as well. One of its larger suppliers, American Axle and Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: AXL) will likely be handing out buyout offers to a reported 2,000 U.S. workers. the official word will probably come tomorrow, when American Axlereports its Q2 earnings.

Expect more of this. As GM and other automakers like Ford Motor Co. (NYSE: F) reduce auto shipments, rearrange their product mixes and re-evaluate global strategies, the larger suppliers to those companies will see various levels of hits against them. Unfortunately, the U.S. auto industry is in for more hits throughout the remainder of 2008.

American Axle has an estimated 3,650 hourly workers in the U.S. -- so giving buyout offers to over half of them is a pretty significant step. In addition to that, between 200 and 350 U.S. salaried jobs with American Axle are being eliminated. The company also announced that it was reducing its average labor-hour cost down from above the $73 level to somewhere in the $40 range, saving it in the neighborhood of $300 million per year.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Anadigics, American Axle and Caterpillar were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Stephens downgraded shares of Anadigics (NASDAQ: ANAD) following the company's Q2 results, as they believe shares could trade sideways until the macro environment improves. The firm lowered their target to $9 from $14. Jefferies downgraded shares to Hold from Buy to reflect the company's lower than expected outlook. The firm lowered their target to $9 from $15.
• Deutsche Bank cut American Axle (NYSE: AXL) to Hold from Buy to reflect the risk associated with the company's exposure to General Motors (NYSE: GM) and Chrysler. The firm lowered their target price to $7.50 from $11.
  
• JP Morgan downgraded Caterpillar (NYSE: CAT) to Neutral from Overweight based on increasing macro headwinds and likely multiple pressure.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Washington Mutual (NYSE: WM) was cut to Sell from Neutral at Piper.
  
• United Microelectronic (NYSE: UMC) was downgraded to Sell from Neutral at Goldman.
  
• Downey Financial (NYSE: DSL) and City National (NYSE: CYN) were lowered to Market Perform from Outperform at Keefe Bruyette.

TheStreet.com's Jim Cramer says recent downgrades are killing whole industries, and they're coming at a terrible time.

You can't lose autos and aerospace. Yet that's what's happening. The devastating aerospace downgrade by Goldman yesterday had pin action galore, wrecking everything from United Tech (NYSE: UTX) (Cramer's Take) and Parker-Hannifin (NYSE: PH) (Cramer's Take) to BE Aerospace (NASDAQ: BEAV) (Cramer's Take). It took the whole frame down with it and made everything toxic. And it happens at a terrible time. It isn't like Honeywell (NYSE: HON) (Cramer's Take), which with a few days left in the quarter can come out defending itself. Goldman rolled a perfect strike.

And now the bowlers are back for more with an equally devastating "sell everything" call based on GM (NYSE: GM) (Cramer's Take). Once again it is seamless: Lear (NYSE: LEA) (Cramer's Take) and Tenneco (NYSE: TEN) (Cramer's Take) get jettisoned too, but you know that Visteon (NYSE: VC) (Cramer's Take) and American Axle (NYSE: AXL) (Cramer's Take) and Johnson Controls (NYSE: JCI) (Cramer's Take) and BorgWarner (NYSE: BWA) (Cramer's Take) -- the good ones! -- go down with the car.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Alcatel-Lucent, Opnext and American Axle were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• Goldman upgraded shares of Alcatel-Lucent (NYSE:ALU) to Neutral from Sell to reflect the recovery of U.S. corporate bond yields which they believe is positive for the company's long-term pension liability. Goldman also thinks analyst estimates may have bottomed.
  
• Thomas Weisel raised Opnext (NASDAQ:OPXT) to Overweight from Market Weight after their research indicated an acceleration in optical communications component industry revenue growth.
  
• Deutsche Bank upgraded American Axle (NYSE:AXL) to Buy from Hold to reflect the cost savings from the UAW contract.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• MFA Mortgage (NYSE:MFA) was upgraded at Keefe Bruyette to Outperform from Market Perform.
  
• Citigroup upgraded Flagstone Reinsurance (NYSE:FSR) to Buy from Hold.
  
• Merrill raised Crane Co (NYSE:CR) to Buy from Neutral.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: American Axle, Knight Transportation and Newfield Exploration were today's noteworthy upgrades.

• Citigroup upgraded shares of American Axle and Manufacturing Holdings Inc (NYSE: AXL) to Buy from Hold on valuation following the recent sell-off and recommends switching out of General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) and into AXL; the firm downgraded GM to Hold from Buy.
• Wachovia upgraded Knight Transportation Inc (NYSE: KNX) to Outperform from Market Perform as they expect the company to benefit earlier from capacity leaving the TL market.
• KeyBanc raised Newfield Exploration Company (NYSE: NFX) to Buy from Hold based on production growth visibility, Rockies value, and increased estimates.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• LCA Vision Incorporated (NASDAQ: LCAV) was upgraded to Sector Perform from Underperform at RBC Capital.
• Deutsche Bank raised Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacifico SA (NYSE: PAC) to Buy from Hold
Baker Hughes Incorporated (NYSE: BHI) to Buy from Neutral.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: General Motors, Anheuser-Busch and GlaxoSmithKline were today's noteworthy downgrades.

• Citigroup downgraded shares of General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) to Hold from Buy to reflect reduced earnings power and cash burn risks and recommends swapping into American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings Inc (NYSE: AXL).
• Deutsche Bank cut Anheuser-Busch Companies Inc (NYSE: BUD) to Hold from Buy on valuation following the recent rally spurred by takeover speculation. The firm believes the reported $65/share cash takeover offer by Inbev requires aggressive cost reduction and could harm the brands.
• Morgan Stanley downgraded shares of GlaxoSmithKline Plc (NYSE: GSK) to Underweight from Equal Weight as they see risk to Street expectations for a U.S. Cervarix approval in 2009.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Wachovia downgraded Old Dominion Freight Line Inc (NASDAQ: ODFL) to Market Perform from Outperform.
• Lehman downgraded Yara International (OTC: YARIY) to Equal Weight from Overweight.
• Goldman downgraded China Mobile Limited (NYSE: CHL) to Sell from Neutral and added shares to the Conviction Sell List.

General Motors (NYSE: GM) shares are falling after the company announced this morning it expects a loss of $1.8 billion from the recently ended strike by American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings Inc. (NYSE: AXL) workers. The company also expects a lost production of an additional 230,000 vehicles in the second quarter. If you think this stock won't be rising too far in the coming months, then it could be a good time to look at a bearish hedged play on GM.

After hitting a one-year high of $43.20 in October, the stock hit a one-year low of $17.47 in March. This morning, GM opened at $18.31. So far today the stock has hit a low of $17.63 and a high of $18.34. As of 12:10, GM is trading at $17.63, down 80 cents (-4.0%). The chart for GM looks neutral and improving, while S&P gives the stock a neutral 3 STARS (out of 5) hold rating.

For a bearish hedged play on this stock, I would consider a September bear-call credit spread above the $25 range. A bear-call credit spread is an options position that combines the purchase and sale of call options to hedge risk in case the stock doesn't do what you think but still leverage nice returns. For this particular trade, we will make an 8.7% return in four months as long as GM is below $25 at September expiration. GM would have to rise by more than 43% before we would start to lose money. Learn more about this type of trade here.

GM hasn't been above $25 since February and has shown resistance around $21 recently. This trade could be risky if the US economy gets back on track, but even if that happens, this position could be protected by resistance GM might find around $23, where it topped out back in late April.

Brent Archer is an options analyst and writer at Investors Observer.

DISCLOSURE: Mr. Archer owns and/or controls diversified portfolios of long and short stock and option positions that may include holdings in companies he writes about. At publication time, Brent neither owns nor controls positions in GM or AXL.

General Motors (NYSE:GM) is recently down 84c to $17.59. GM announced it expects a pre-tax profit reduction of $1.8 billion in Q2 because of the just-ended American Axle (NYSE:AXL) strike. GM call option volume of 62,606 contracts compares to put volume of 29,536 contracts. GM July option implied volatility of 58 is near its 26-week average of 56 according to Track Data, suggesting non-directional price movement.

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com

Before the bell: Stock futures mixed as Microsoft resumes talks with Yahoo

The New York Times Bits blog says that according to several label executives, Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) has approached some of the major music labels to try to expand the variety of ringtones and other musical features for the iPhone. The negotiations are very active right now and a final deal has not been set, but will likely be during the summer, but after June 9. Ringtones are quite a profitable market, and Apple wanting to have ringtones from major label makes total sense. Apple also wants to offer Answer Tones for the iPhone.

Intel Corp (NASDAQ: INTC) said Monday its venture capital arm has invested 50 million ringgit ($16 million) in Malaysia's Green Packet Berhad to help develop the country's first nationwide high-speed WiMAX network. Already earlier this month, Intel Capital along with Google Inc (NASDAQ: GOOG), Comcast Corp (NASDAQ: CMCSA), Time Warner Cable Inc (NYSE: TWC), and Bright House Networks agreed to invest $3.2 billion into a new company to speed up deployment of the next-generation mobile WiMAX network. But that's not all. Intel Capital also expects to close half a dozen deals in India this year, its regional head said on Monday.

Warren Buffett is apparently on the prowl for another acquisition. The Oracle of Omaha has begun his European tour Monday, looking for possible acquisitions for his Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (NYSE: BRK.A).

MAJOR PAPERS:

• General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) plants that were idled during the American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings Inc (NYSE: AXL) strike are set to resume production mow that the strike has been settled, the Wall Street Journal reported.

OTHER PAPERS:

• The Telegraph reported that Halliburton Company (NYSE: HAL) is expected to determine this week whether it will make a GBP1.8B counter bid for its British competitor, Expro International Group (OTC: EXPRF).
• The Telegraph also reported that U.K.-based Imperial Tobacco Group Plc (NYSE: ITY) could conduct a GBP5B rights issue this week. The company has suggested that it needs the funds in order to retain its investment-grade credit rating following its acquisition of Altadis.

WEB SITES:

• According to Bloomberg, regulatory filings show that banks such as Citigroup Incorporated (NYSE: C) are failing to acknowledge at $35B of additional writedowns in their income statements.

Shares of the nation's largest automaker, General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM), have been soaring in premarket despite posting a large first quarter loss, as the company surprised Wall Street by reporting a smaller than expected loss per share.

For the quarter, General Motors said it swung to a loss of $3.3 billion, hurt by continued weakness in U.S., waning demand for its sport utility vehicles, and a supplier strike. The company stated that the strike, which started two months ago at American Axle and Manufacturing Holdings Inc. (NYSE: AXL), came with charges that totaled $800 million, and slashed vehicles production by 100,000.

Weighed down by those costs, GM posted a net loss of $5.74 per share, compared with a profit of 11 cents a share a year-earlier. However, excluding one-time items, the automaker reported a loss of 62 cents per share. Going into today's earnings announcement, analysts had been expecting the company to show a much higher loss of $1.60 per share.