It's a stock market that's certainly capable of confounding and frustrating stock investors.

Given the above -- a climate in which the outlook for cyclical stocks, if not most stocks -- brightens and darkens like almost daily -- is there a refuge?

Oil might be one. The oil trade is back in vogue. Come to think of it, when was the oil trade ever really out-of-favor? Perhaps during the financial crisis' acute stage from December 2008 to March 2009, when oil briefly plunged to about $35 per barrel.

Investors are getting down with managed accounts this year. This approach is "clearly becoming more mainstream," alternative investment research firm Preqin reports, with 16% of the 50 institutional investors it surveyed using them within their portfolios. Another 23% are considering an allocation to managed accounts in 2010. Several reasons were cited, including greater transparency (41%), better liquidity terms (22%) and increased regulatory oversight (22%), which were the three most common reasons cited.

The private equity market was hit hard by the financial crisis last year, but it's already on the road to recovery, according to a new report by Preqin (pdf).

From the first quarter to the second, this year, increasing returns and valuations have given investors a reason to hope, even though the industry's average return is down 24.1% for the 12-month period ending June 30, 2009. The negative return still outpaced the S&P 500, MSCI Europe and MSCI Emerging Markets indexes, the alternative investment research firm says, which returned -26.2%, -34.1% and -27.8%, respectively -- and the 12-month average improved from -30% for the year-long period ending March 31, 2009.

For more than a third of private equity employees, employee compensation either stayed the same or declined. A recent report by alternative investment research firm Preqin estimates that 38% of private equity employees saw base salary freezes in 2009, and 6% of firms participating in the survey indicated that they were cutting salaries this year. Of course, this means that 56% kicked base salaries up this year, though the average increase was a mere 2%.

For the employees of 22% of the firms participating in the Preqin survey, the brush with a pay cut was close as these companies considered a freeze. But 40% haven't cut or never considered it.

The clean technology private equity momentum continues. In New York, a group of partners has launched NewWorld Capital Group, a private equity firm that will focus on mid-market investments in clean energy infrastructure companies in the United States and selectively in Europe.

The new fund will work closely with Ambienta, a European environmental assets private equity firm in Italy. Both said they plan to collaborate on finding and analyzing investment opportunities -- with NewWorld taking care of the United States and Ambienta addressing Europe.

It's not exactly a shock, but tangible confirmation is always nice. Alternative investment research firm Preqin found in a recent survey that institutional investors are happier with their hedge fund returns now than they were a year ago. But, the gaps between happy and sad aren't as wide as you might expect.

A September 2009 survey of institutional investors revealed that 62% say "hedge fund returns have met expectations," compared to 53% in October 2008, when the market was consumed by all kinds of calamity. Only 11% responded this year that "hedge funds have exceeded expectations," which is up slightly from last year's 9%. Remember, though the market hit its worst late last year, the problem was building momentum for a while. Participants who do not feel that hedge funds have hit the mark shrank from 38% last year to 27% this year. And 66% are confident or very confident that their hedge fund investments will reach their objectives.

Has your broker repeatedly sold you on the "safe" investment vehicle, the mutual fund? Investing in a wide variety of prominent companies, with solid, long-term track records, mutual funds have been an easy-to-understand and popular investment choice for decades.

Mutual funds are hugely diversified, holding large stakes in recognizable names such as Google (NASDAQ: GOOG), Citigroup (NYSE: C), Walmart (NYSE: WMT), Starbucks (NASDAQ: SBUX), General Electric (NYSE: GE), Bank of America (NYSE: BAC), and Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM).

Start with a few speculative stocks. Add a distressed-debt corporate bond portfolio, and two quantitative-based hedge funds, and a momentum-based hedge fund for the British pound/Japanese yen currency pairing.

Sounds like a typical, assertive portfolio for a wealth management group or, perhaps, for an accredited investor.

But a public pension fund?

Public pension funds in the United States are increasing bets on high-risk hedge funds and real estate in an attempt to fill deficits in retirement plans and recover ground, due to the worst performance by pension funds in six years, Bloomberg News reported Thursday.

Public funds, which manage more than $2.45 trillion in assets, are trying to reverse losses averaging 5.5% for the year ended June 30, according to Merrill Lynch data, and stem the tide of deficits, Bloomberg News reported. The State of New York's comptroller is asking its Legislature to increase its alternative investment spending cap; in February, the State of South Carolina upped its alternate investment / private equity / real estate cap to 45% from 0%.

'Investment distortions of the very worst sort'

Economist Glen Langan told BloggingStocks Thursday he doesn't like the sound of the new stance by state / local governments, if the aforementioned represents a trend.

"I view it as another manifestation of the U.S. stock market slump," Langan said. "The underperformance of stocks and the drive for outsized return on equity is leading to investment distortions of the very worst sort. We saw this in the mortgage market with their securities. It got to a point that if the interest rate was high enough, banks made the loan. We've seen it in oil, where the unattractiveness of stocks led institutions to dive into oil futures, driving up prices well above historic gains. And now it looks like public pension funds are catching the bug or flu."

About a year ago, when Blackstone (NYSE: BX) went public, investors were scrambling to get shares of the top-notch private equity firm.

Well, the IPO was certainly a mark of savvy timing (hey, isn't that what private equity firms are supposed to be good at?). But the stock price has steadily declined since, going from $38 to $15.25.

Yet, the fact remains that Blackstone continues to raise capital (a new $20 billion fund); has operations around the globe; has dealt with various market cycles since the mid 1980s; and has avoided problems such as subprime securities.

So, is this a time to buy the stock? According to a piece in the FinancialNews.com, it might be.

In fact, it looks like a variety of major pension funds, such as the Washington State Investment Board, are taking a look at the stock. They realize that there is still lots of money to be made from alternative investments. Keep in mind that sovereign wealth funds are also funneling their billions into the sector.

This is not to imply that there will be a quick turnaround in Blackstone's stock, but looking at the long term -- which is what pension funds do -- it seems that optimism is starting to bubble up.

Tom Taulli is the author of various books, including The Complete M&A Handbook and The Edgar Online Guide to Decoding Financial Statements. He also operates DealProfiles.com.

There was lots of trepidation on the eve of Fortress Investment Group (NYSE: FIG)'s Q3 earnings report yesterday. After all, Blackstone (NYSE: BX) disappointed the Street.

Well, there was some relief (it also helped that there was a big rally in equities). The company, which operates private equity and hedge funds, posted a net loss of $38 million, or $0.52 per share in Q3. Although, if you strip various elements -- such as certain tax and compensation -- the firm earned $111 million, or $0.19 per share (which is known as pretax distributable earnings).

It was a relief that Fortress indicated there was little exposure to the subprime mess. If anything, the firm sees opportunities in the sector.

In fact, Fortress has some big plans. The firm is in the process of raising funds, with assets of $10 billion to $15 billion. The initiatives will range from infrastructure, commodities, emerging markets and Asian real estate.

What's more, Fortress had a nice realization on its Crown Castle investment. The original investment came in 2002, which involved an initial $120 million stake. The total proceeds since then? A cool $1.7 billion.

Yes, it's a reminder that the private equity business can be very enticing indeed.

Tom Taulli is the author of various books, including The Complete M&A Handbook and The Edgar Online Guide to Decoding Financial Statements. He also operates DealProfiles.com.

A piece in The New York Times look at the increasing willingness of investors to get creative with their IRAs. Consider this amusing example:

BRIAN HARRIS makes a 30 percent annual return on his Roth individual retirement account, but his money is not invested in a soaring biotechnology stock or a hot currency fund.

Instead, Mr. Harris, a music teacher from Tucson, owns about 25 marimbas, xylophones and timpani. Using the money in his retirement account, Mr. Harris buys the instruments for less than $1,000 each. He then rents them to his students for up to $60 a month. The rental income flows straight back into the I.R.A.

Hmm .... While that sounds tempting, there are ample reasons for most investors to avoid these self-directed IRAs. For starters, you're unlikely to be able to achieve much diversification owning traditional real estate or similar assets in an IRA -- If you want real estate exposure, go with a portfolio of REITs. The idea of investing in racehorses through an IRA seems insane. This is supposed to be your retirement money!

The best bet for an IRA remains low-cost index mutual funds. There are plenty of places for more speculative and creative investments -- the IRA isn't one of them. In addition, unless you have a ton of money in your IRA, the transaction costs of alternative investment will probably be prohibitively high.

The Financial Times has recently covered two different, unconventional "investments": art and wine. While I've definitely heard a lot about these two segments of the economy, I never really considered them to be an investment. I wonder how much hedge fund managers are contributing to this boom because I constantly hear of traders like Steve Cohen making huge art purchases or adding to their extensive wine cellars.

While art prices can move up and down based on their perceptions of value, one art collector was quoted as saying, "When I analyze a stock, I look at future income stream, how it is priced in relation to its competitors and the quality of management, and other criteria that can be measured quantitatively. The sole measure of an artwork is the cultural perception of value attributed to it. That is not something you can make any reasonable prediction about in relation to its future value." This is a very valid argument, but that doesn't mean there isn't an investment opportunity as many asset classes outside of stocks and bonds don't have true income streams -- think currencies, commodities, etc., yet macro funds have been able to extract profits from these assets nonetheless.

According to the article on wine, the index of investable wines is up 42% this year moving it to its highest level since its inception in 2000. As I said before, one must wonder how much of this move is new money quickly and rapidly building up their wine cellars, shocking the available supply.

Ten years ago, hedge funds and private equity funds were considered unconventional, but today they've become mainstay "alternative investments." Is it possible that wine and art will be mainstay investment opportunities several years from now?

The Wall Street Journal is reporting on the development of the hedge fund clone concept being created by big Wall Street firms. These clones basically try to earn the returns of hedge funds without paying the normal 2/20 fee structure.

For those unfamiliar with it, 2/20 refers to an annual "management fee" of 2% and a performance ("incentive") fee of 20%. When compared to any index fund, and even mutual funds, these fees seem ridiculous. However, there are many funds in the hedge fund industry that do in fact justify these fees.

The goal of these funds is basically to mirror the hedge fund index, or a group of hedge funds pooled together to be more diversified than investing in a single hedge fund. While this strategy has its benefits in reducing volatility and the chance of a blow-up, it also has its downsides. According to my friend James Altucher, fund of funds manager and president of StockPickr.com:

"Hedge fund clones are fine because they are all mediocre (i.e., like the average hedge fund). The real reason to go into hedge funds is to find the next SAC."

Basically, the returns of the "clones" will not match the returns of the best and brightest hedge funds on the street, such as SAC, Moore, or Tudor.

While this seems like an interesting proposition, the minimum investments remain very high at this point so the concept doesn't really bring much to the table for investors who are not accredited. As the WSJ said, this seems like another investment for the yacht-club set.

Everything's big in Texas. Look at the state's Teacher Retirement System (TRS). In all, it has about $112 billion in assets.

Interestingly enough, the pension fund wants to devote about a third of its assets to alternatives, such as hedge funds and private equity funds. This is according to a story in the Wall Street Journal [a paid service].

Yes, when you take a look a the SEC filings of the Blackstone Group (NYSE: BX), Fortress (NYSE: FIG), and KKR, you will see that alternative investment can post strong returns.

Despite this, the TRS strategy is certainly gutsy. Keep in mind that alternative investments can be fairly illiquid. What if it gets tougher to do IPOs or get sound exits on these investments?

Or, what if there is a meltdown, as seen with the subprime hedge funds at Bear Stearns (NYSE: BSC)?

Even the pros can make big blunders. And it could be bad news for pensioners.

On the other hand, TRS's move is certainly good news for the private equity world. Simply put, there's likely to be many more assets under management -- and that means lots of juicy fees.

Tom Taulli is the author of various books, including the Complete M&A Handbook and the EDGAR-Online Guide to Decoding Financial Statements.

On tonight's MAD MONEY on CNBC, Jim Cramer said that he wants to address the board of Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) because they are sitting on a goldmine: Since the stock is unchanged since 2000, you have to question the whole financial services supermarket strategy, and Chuck Prince needs to go too. Cramer says the one-stop shop doesn't work and they can unlock value by breaking it up. He said it would go from $54 to $63, or 17% upside. This is on top of the $5 if Chuck Prince would leave, or if they could even do a restructuring. Cramer bought shares for his trust and here are the five units it would become: Consumer business; international consumer business; global markets; alternative investments; transaction services.

Cramer did note that this is not inevitable at all and he is not sure it will really happen. What he left out was that just last week Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal, its largest shareholder, just announced that he was opposed to breaking the company up for a longer-term strategy. I have been vocal about Chuck Prince needing to go as long or longer than Cramer, and while Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal gave a vote of confidence to Chuck Prince I am not yet inclined to believe that he won't fire him. It starts feeling like Cramer is giving any strategy that might make a self-fulfilling return for his holdings, although he wouldn't be the first to do that.

Jon Ogg can be reached at jonogg@247wallst.com; he does not own securities in the companies he covers.