Analyst upgrades:

• Wachovia upgraded shares of The Goldman Sachs Group Inc (NYSE: GS) to Outperform from Market Perform on expectations for greater pricing power given Goldman's position as the largest remaining independent securities firm.
• Keefe Bruyette upgraded Investment Technology Group Inc (NYSE: ITG) to Outperform from Market Perform as they believe the company will take market share with the reshaping of the large wire-house brokerage community. The company's target was raised to $37 from $33.
• Broadpoint raised Hoku Scientific Inc (NASDAQ: HOKU) to Buy from Neutral as they believe the contract with Tianwei New Energy reduces financing risk.
• ACE Ltd (NYSE: ACE) and The Travelers Companies Inc (NYSE: TRV) were upgraded to Buy from Neutral at Goldman.
• Axcelis Technologies Inc (NASDAQ: ACLS) was upgraded to Buy from Hold and Evergreen Solar Inc (NASDAQ: ESLR) was lifted to Hold from Sell at Citigroup.

Analyst downgrades:

Stock index futures pointed to a higher opening Friday on Wall Street, amid speculation that technology stocks would rise on Microsoft (NASDAQ: MSFT)'s strong earnings report late Thursday. Optimism was tempered on expectations that the monthly consumer confidence survey due Friday morning will show a declining economic outlook.

Yesterday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost just 3.33, ending a volatile trading session that saw the index swing as low as far as 100 points down. The Nasdaq Composite Index fared worse, falling 23.90, or 0.86%, to 2,750.86, while the S&P slipped 1.48 to 1,514.40.

The University of Michigan will release final consumer confidence figures for October at 10 this morning. The monthly survey is expected to show Americans more pessimistic about the nation's economic future.

Troubled Countrywide Financial (NYSE: CFC) will report third-quarter results this morning. Analysts expect the top mortgage lender to post losses of $1.26 per share, though expectations vary widely.

Trucking group Arkansas Best Corp. (NASDAQ: ABFS) and industrial conglomerate Ingersoll-Rand (NYSE: IR) are among other companies reporting earnings Friday.

Abroad, stocks headed higher in Asia, with Japan's Nikkei and Hong Kong's Hang Seng indexes rising. Stocks were flat in early European trading.

Microsoft reported first-quarter earnings after the market close Thursday, posting a 23 percent rise that exceeding analysts' expectations. The software giant raised its forecasts for the year, citing sales of Windows Vista and its new Xbox 360 game Halo 3.

Merrill Lynch (NYSE: MER) shares advanced overseas on reports that Merrill Lynch CEO Stanley O'Neal discussed merger potential with Wachovia (NYSE: WB) without consulting Merrill's board of directors.

The markets saw a third day of selling today. While some may attribute it to the lower retail sales numbers, foreign interest rate worries or North Korean missile tests, I think it just may be the summer trading session. The market has been shooting up like crazy recently and it is time it takes a breather. Summer time has also been a historical rough time for the market as it makes very little in gains. Last summer is a good example of this. Just because the Dow dropped in the beginning of June last year doesn't mean it has to drop in the beginning of June this year; but it is food for thought.

The NYSE had volume of 2.5 billion shares with a paltry 279 shares advancing while 3058 declined for a loss of 174.07 points to close at 9,720.94. On the NASDAQ, 1.4 billion shares traded, 669 advanced and 2,372 declined for a loss of 45.8 to 2,541.38.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: The trucking sector, PepsiCo (PEP) and Electronic Arts (ERTS) were the most notable upgrades today.

• Wachovia upgraded the trucking sector to Market Weight from Underweight, as they believe the negative sentiment towards the group is starting to bottom, also noting that trucking stocks tend to rally before fundamentals fully bottom. Wachovia upgraded Con-Way Inc (NYSE: CNW) and Covenant Transport 'A' NASDAQ: CVTI) to Outperform from Market Perform, and Arkansas Best (NASDAQ: ABFS), Heartland Express Inc (NASDAQ: HTLD), Werner Enterprises (NASDAQ: WERN), US Xpress Enterprises 'A' (NASDAQ: XPRSA) to Market Perform from Underperform.

• JP Morgan added PepsiCo (NYSE: PEP) to their Focus List, as the firm believes the recent pullback due to concerns over commodities costs and margins is overdone.

• Janco upgraded Electronic Arts (NASDAQ: ERTS) to Buy from Hold with a $69 target, citing valuation.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Amgen Inc (NASDAQ: AMGN) was upgraded to Outperform from Peer Perform with a $77 target at Bear Stearns; the firm views Amgen's risk/reward as favorable as the most reasonable of CERA's launch scenarios, owned by Roche Holdings AG (OTC: RHHBY), are priced into valuation, and sees significant upside if CERA does not launch.

• Caris upgraded LSI Logic (NYSE: LSI) to Buy from Above Average with a $12 target; they believe investors are underestimating the synergies involved with the Agere Systems (NYSE: AGR) deal. The broker sees upside to earnings estimates and raised their target of LSI Logic to $12 from $11.

• Merrill Lynch upgraded shares of ImClone Systems (NASDAQ: IMCL) to Neutral from Sell, and sees a short-term trading opportunity due to the overly negative sentiment into the upcoming sales figures. The broker thinks Imclone could meet its Erbitux sales estimates despite weak prescription data.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Notable companies from today's downgrade list include the New York Stock Exchange (NYX) and Nokia (NOK).

• JP Morgan downgraded the New York Stock Exchange Group Inc. (NYSE:NYX) to Neutral from Overweight based on valuation; they also foresee potential integration issues with Euronext.
• Nokia Corp. (NYSE:NOK) was downgraded to Hold from Add at West LB.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• YRC WorldWide Inc. (NASDAQ:YRCW) and Arkansas Best Corp. (NASDAQ:ABFS) were downgraded at Stephens to Underweight from Equal Weight, citing the deteriorating Less-Than-Truckload environment.
• Bear Stearns downgraded 3Com Corporation (NASDAQ:COMS) to Peer Perform from Outperform citing increased execution; Lehman Brothers downgraded 3Coms (COMS) to Underweight from Equal Weight.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).