So, I was flipping through some articles in Rolling Stone, when I found a very interesting economic story - yes, in Rolling Stone. The article, "Wall Street's Naked Swindle," takes a look at what happened in the options pits leading up to the death of Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers. According to the article, an unknown option buyer made "one of the craziest bets Wall Street has ever seen," by shorting Bear Stearns. The unknown trader felt that Bear Stearns would lose "more than half" of its value in nine days or less, a bet that one financial analyst likened to buying 1.7 million lottery tickets.

What is crazy is that this bet paid off, leading to only one conclusion: insider trading (cue dramatic music). When Bear Stearns dropped from roughly $63 to $2 per share on March 17th (just six days later), the person purchasing the options made roughly $270 million. Senator Chris Dodd from the Senate Banking Committee thought that something wasn't on the up and up with this trade, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) promised it would look into the trade. Of course, nothing has happened since.

August 25, 2009. Ben Bernanke is nominated to serve a second term as Federal Reserve Chairman.

August 25, 2009. Ben Bernanke and the Fed are ordered by a federal court to disclose details of their bailout transactions during the financial meltdown last year.

Two reporters from Bloomberg News filed suit in federal court under the Freedom of Information Act and won a case that "ruled against the U.S. Federal Reserve's attempt to block disclosure of companies that participated in and securities covered by a series of emergency financial programs as the global credit crisis began to intensify."

We already know that Jimmy Cayne was (we'll toss in the "allegedly" just to be polite) smoking marijuana, playing bridge, and golfing while Bear Stearns imploded.

But Charlie Gasparino reports that he was also doing something else: "In one of his last acts as CEO of Bear Stearns, James Cayne made a payment of around $2 million to a woman who was poised to file sexual harassment charges against its legendary chairman, Alan "Ace" Greenberg."

The collapse of Bear Stearns took place with lightning speed, and so did the publication of the first book about the firm's demise. Bear Trap: The Fall of Bear Stearns and the Panic of 2008 hit shelves in September of 2008, and is easily one of the sloppiest, worst business books written in a long time -- quite an accomplishment.

So William D. Cohan's more rigorous account of Bear Stearns has a pretty easy act to follow. Still, House of Cards: A Tale of Hubris and Wretched Excess is one of the best corporate failure books I've ever read, taking its place alongside Kurt Eichenwald's Conspiracy of Fools, a meticulous recounting of the collapse of Enron.

There's been no shortage of heartstring-jerking reports from the current economic crisis -- seniors whose retirement accounts have been wiped clean; families relocating from homes to motels; MBAs forced to wear their resumes on sandwich boards.

However, in my humble opinion, today's news might be the most pathetic: Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit organization that produces the classic Sesame Street TV show, is slashing 20% of its 355-member workforce.

This post is part of AOL Money & Finance's Best & Worst in Money 2008 feature.

In 2008, many big names took big face plants. Since this is a blog about money, I ranked them based on how much they lost and how far they fell. As you can see, the method is not exactly scientific. Here are the five biggest falls from grace:

1. Richard Fuld, Lehman Brothers. The $639 billion bankruptcy is history's largest so far by a factor of at least six. And Fuld personally lost about $1 billion in his personal holdings of Lehman stock. And the repercussions of letting Lehman fail stretched from money market funds to Iceland. Ouch!
2. Jimmy Cayne, Bear Stearns CEO. Cayne lost plenty of his personal wealth when Bear Stearns stock stumbled. But at least shareholders were able to get out with something when JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) bought it.
3. Eliot Spitzer, New York governor. Spitzer destroyed his once promising political career by spending time with at least one woman other than his wife. He was trying to use his prosecution of Wall Street to boost his political career as Rudy Giuliani did. But his self-destructive urges got the better of him.
4. Sheldon Adelson, CEO, Las Vegas Sands (NYSE: LVS). Adelson, a colorful character who was a consulting client of mine, has lost $30 billion on paper thanks to his excessive debt load and a decline in gambling.
5. Jerry Yang, CEO, Yahoo! (NASDAQ: YHOO). Poor Jerry Yang suffered from delusions about his ability to revive his creation. He lost a chance to boost shareholder returns by selling to Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ: MSFT) for $31 a share. With the stock at $11.51, he left big bucks on the table, and the board kicked him out of the big chair.

Let us know which one you would chose as the biggest fall of 2008.

Peter Cohan is president of Peter S. Cohan & Associates. He also teaches management at Babson College and edits The Cohan Letter. He has no financial interest in the securities mentioned.

Share the reasons for your Biggest Fall from Grace pick in the comments, or let us know about any contenders we overlooked. Also be sure to see the rest of the Best & Worst in Money 2008.

This post is part of AOL Money & Finance's Best & Worst in Money 2008 feature.

In a year of financial chaos, how can one even narrow the choice of most shocking financial collapse to just five candidates? Financial collapses took down venerable Wall Street firms and government enterprises. Even an entire country fell on the weight of this worldwide financial storm. There were so many financial casualties that the task to narrow this down to just five was difficult. We have chosen these five and placed them in alphabetical order.

Bear Stearns
Bear Stearns held a respected place on Wall Street dating back to before the Great Depression, but in March 2008, this once-respected Wall Street firm was bought by JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) for just $2 per share (or about $236 million). The stock price had been $36.75 on March 14, 2008 -- just two days before the JPMorgan deal was struck. Bear Stearns had been the most aggressive player in packaging and selling mortgage-backed securities, and their hedge funds were heavily loaded with the junk they sold. Many saw the fall of Bear Stearns as justice because it was the only major Wall Street bank that did not work with the Fed and participate in the $3 billion bailout of Long Term Capital Management in 1998. Payback is a bitch.

I still remember when I realized that a real estate crisis was on its way. My wife and I were contemplating buying a home in Roanoke, Virginia, and began talking to a mortgage broker. When we saw the final offer, we realized that, if the real estate market continued on a stable path, and if the (then marginal) neighborhood continued to have a declining crime rate, and if the price of gas didn't go up, and if neither my wife nor I became seriously ill, then we would be great. In five years, when the rate went variable, we would refinance and everything would work out beautifully.

That was in 2004.

Thinking about it, my wife and I soon realized that those were a lot of ifs; while we wanted the house, we knew that we couldn't base our financial future on a deck of cards. After turning down the offer, I thought more and more about it and began to get worried. If a lot of people were buying into the kind of mortgage that my wife and I had declined, and if they had similar expectations about refinancing when their rates went variable, then it seemed likely that the mortgage industry was sitting on a major time bomb.

Thanks to what former Enron CEO, Jeff Skilling, called bad "optics", some top Wall Street executives announced that they're foregoing their normal seven figure bonuses. But I think I am being generous in estimating that those potentially symbolic gestures will only shave a few billion off the Wall Street bonus pool for 2008. We could still be paying $20 billion in bonuses this year.

How so? After buying $159 billion worth of preferred stock in 24 banks, I have not seen any evidence that the Treasury required the banks to lend it out. There is nothing stopping the banks from using the money for paying bonuses. And while the original estimate of 2008 bonuses was down 20% from 2007 -- to $26.6 billion -- I am thinking that eliminating executive bonuses could lead to at least a $6 billion lower figure -- particularly if this cut provides bank CEOs leverage to reduce the amount of bonuses paid to lower level people.

So far, top executives from Goldman Sachs (NYSE: GS), UBS AG (NYSE: UBS), Deutsche Bank, and Barclays have said they will skip their bonuses for 2008. Ironically, the ethically challenged UBS has the most interesting idea -- starting in 2009, it will be able to claw back bonuses in the years after their award with a third paid immediately, while the remainder will be put into a participant's account and can be reduced if there is a loss at the division or the whole bank. I started proposing an escrow account along these lines in October 2007.

Here's a scary bit of news: the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has hired (subscription required) Michael Alix as a senior vice president in the Bank Supervision Group. His qualification? He was Bear's chief risk officer from 2006 until 2008 when the firm imploded -- due to too much risk. That disaster led to a taxpayer funded emergency sale to JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM).

But I guess it makes sense in a way. If you want to understand the dangers of excessive risk and leverage, who better to help than the guy who helped blow up one of America's most respected financial institutions. It's kind of like hiring Amy Winehouse to teach kids about the dangers of cocaine.

I wonder how much he'll be paid. Given how much money he's already cost the financial system and taxpayers, he should be working for free. But I somehow doubt that he is.

Economist Paul Kasriel had a good line in The Wall Street Journal: "The Fed is not only the lender of last resort, it's also the employer of last resort."

Maybe so. But at this point, Mr. Alix would probably be better suited to a job scrubbing the fry-o-lator at a fast food restaurant.

Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS) has been the premier investment bank in the world for decades. It has been the leader in underwriting fees, M&A, and proprietary trading profits for longer than many bankers can remember. It has also sent senior executive from the company to work in the highest level jobs in Washington.

But, the firm is not immune to the credit crisis. It earnings have been hurt, although less than those of most other financial firms. So, it comes as some surprise that it will cut 10% of its 32,000 person workforce. According to The Wall Street Journal. "The cuts, expected throughout the New York-based company, underscore how much even the mightiest securities firms have been shaken by the 16-month credit crisis."

The news may be bad for Goldman but it is awful for almost every one of the company's competitors, most of which are doing much worse than Goldman is. Some corporation in the industry have already lost people. especially Bear Stearns and Lehman. But, the cutting may have only just begun elsewhere. Several analysts recently put out reports saying Citigroup (NYSE:C) may not make money for over a year.

There had been some hope that the Paulson rescue would improve financials at big banks by enough so that they would not have to take drastic measures, but the capital may not be enough if mortgage markets get worse. If Goldman can cut over 3,000 people, its competitors are probably looking at much larger numbers. There are tens of thousand of Wall St. jobs at risk.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.

With SEC Chairman Chris Cox using his light saber to battle the imaginary sith lord of naked short selling, SEC Inspector General David Kotz has released a fourth report criticizing the commission for its oversight of Wall Street over the past two years.

According to The Wall Street Journal (subscription required), Kotz found that the SEC's Miami office dropped a case against Bear Stearns "and others despite negotiating a $500,000 settlement with the investment bank for failing to supervise a former employee. The case, which was described as 'strong' by at least three enforcement staffers, was dropped without being presented to the five-member commission for a vote."

The head of the Miami office, David Nelson, told Bear Stearns lawyers that "Christmas is coming early" this year, and "Bear Stearns can keep their money." The case involved an employee who was alleged to have given inappropriately high valuations to bonds and loans held by a Puerto Rican bank.

The SEC's enforcement staff responded to the report by saying that it is "misleading, and all too often relies on speculation and innuendo to support its harsh conclusions."

Harsh conclusions? You mean like the collapse of the financial sector and a $700 billion taxpayer funded bailout?

It's unclear whether a $500,000 settlement would have changed anything, but the announcement might have tipped off investors to the huge problems at Bear Stearns before it was too late.

Everything is upside down these days. The folks with all the money and multi-million dollar bonuses are begging for a handout on the pretext that the economy will crash if they do not get one. We're not talking money for coffee or a snack, we're talking billions of dollars.

It is crashing anyway, or at least sinking. It is just a matter of what it takes down along the way. Apparently, the folks at the Treasury and Federal Reserve are now convinced that it will be everything.

The survivors are pawing at the defeated as Wells Fargo tries to grab Wachovia despite its previous tentative agreement with Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C). While Citigroup gained a point in Wachovia deal over the weekend, the balance has since tilted in favor of Wells Fargo again.

Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) gobbled up Countrywide (done) and Merrill Lynch (NYSE: MER) (a work in progress), while JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) corralled Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual (NYSE: WM).

Sadly, only the federal government was big enough to swallow the problems of American International Group (NYSE: AIG), Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) and Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE). Otherwise,those in the know think world financial markets would have crumbled due to the collateral damage, (pun intended).

When I posted Congress is screwing up -- think backstop not bailout!, I was concerned with the psychological effect as much as the financial effect of not approving the funding, but no doubt the people suffering the most are not those who created the pain.

The Securities and Exchange Commission, or NAMBLA for short, is focusing its resources on an investigation of whether gossiping short sellers hastened the collapses of Lehman and Bear Stearns by spreading rumors.

The SEC is looking into a variety of rumors that spread in the days and months before the companies collapsed, including suggestions that some counter-parties had stopped trading with the firms.

I'll quote DealBreaker's brilliant commentary on the collapse of Bear Stearns:

Let's just say they did spread the rumors, which I don't believe they did (and, as an aside: if a company can be brought down by the corporate equivalent of 7th grade girls passing notes in class, perhaps it doesn't deserve to be in existence anyway).

It's a shame that the SEC is tossing its very limited resources into wild goose chases that serve to intimidate the people who were smart enough to predict trouble at companies like Bear and Lehman, long before either company was giving investors the full story.

In the end, the short sellers were proven right because Lehman was insolvent, and a buyer couldn't even be found at $1. You can only blame the company's management for creating that mess.

The SEC has been accused of being flat-footed on the issue of short selling. The impression among the media and some politicians is that the agency has failed its charter to be the primary watchdog over markets on a number of occasions. John McCain even said he would fire Christopher Cox, the SEC chairman.

Adding to the disdain is a report from inside the SEC itself issued by the agency's monitor of internal controls. According to The Wall Street Journal (subscription required), "Inspector General David Kotz said it is 'undisputable' that the SEC 'failed to carry out its mission in its oversight of Bear Stearns.'" Kotz says the SEC was aware of the threats posed by subprime mortgages and did nothing.

The news adds to the perception that if the federal government had been on top of the credit crisis beginning in early 2007, a number of large banks and brokerage firms would not have failed or watched their shares lose 80% of their value. Based on this point of view, the government is liable for hundreds of billion of dollars loses suffered by common shareholders and bond holders.

Private enterprises rarely have any success suing government agencies. in many ways that is a practical way to keep the courts from being overwhelmed by people with grievances against federal authorities. But, the inspector general's comments do say that investors in the firms which failed were not fools. They simply never had the benefit of assistance from the one agency which should have protected them.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.