Fannie Mae (FNM), the country's largest mortgage lender, said Friday when it reported its latest quarterly results that it needs another $16.3 billion to stay afloat. Fannie Mae has been under water since the government started bailing it out in 2008.

The reason for Fannie's persistent problems are the mortgage defaults spreading throughout the housing industry. Serious delinquencies rose to 5.38% as of December 31, up from 4.72% on Sept 30 and 2.42% at the end of 2008.

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TheStreet.com's Jim Cramer says the bizarre rules these days make it worth looking at stocks through a different lens.

How much should we care about low-dollar speculation? How much should we care about the incessant trading in CIT (NYSE: CIT) (Cramer's Take) and Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) (Cramer's Take), Alcatel-Lucent (NYSE: ALU) (Cramer's Take), or Vonage (NYSE: VG) (Cramer's Take) and Sprint (NYSE: S) (Cramer's Take)? Or even Citigroup (NYSE: C) (Cramer's Take)?

First, I have to tell you that I worry about it less than I used to. Why? Because when we used to have rules and government officials that were willing to speak the truth about stocks, we wouldn't have these single-digit players out there every day. But without it, how in heck can people not believe that Fannie and Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) (Cramer's Take) are the biggest and best bets on a turn in housing?

Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) closed at $1.86. FNM option volume was active on August 25 with 173,103 contracts trading. FNM overall option implied volatility is at 151.

Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) closed at $2.06. FRE option volume was active on August 25 with 53,469 contracts trading. FRE overall option implied volatility of 139 is near its four-month average of 138, according to Track Data.

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com.

Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) and Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) have similar purposes but different structures. Fannie Mae was founded in 1938 during the Great Depression for the purpose of purchasing and securitizing mortgages to keep funds flowing to institutions that lend money to home buyers. In 1968, the government converted Fannie into a private shareholder-owned corporation. Freddie Mac, on the other hand, was created in 1970 as a government-sponsored enterprise to expand the market for secondary mortgages in the US.

In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) director James B Lockhart announced that Fannie and Freddie would be placed under the conservatorship of FHFA.

According to a report today in The Wall Street Journal [subscription required], Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) and Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) -- those twin titans of mortgage mayhem -- are planning to dish out $210 million worth of retention bonuses over the next 18 months. James Lockhart, director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, explained that $51 million in payouts were distributed in late 2008, with the rest of the bonuses to be disbursed through 2009 and into early 2010.

The news is already raising politicians' ire, since Fannie and Freddie are staying afloat only through the grace of government bailouts. The two lenders reported combined losses of roughly $108 billion in 2008, says the Journal, yet 80% of Freddie's employees and 61% of Fannie's payroll will score retention bonuses based on this bleak operating performance.

There is an old saying: "never fight the Fed." If you had been short this bond market, you probably could be wiped out in one afternoon. When the Federal Reserve made its announcement a short time ago that they were buying long term securities the futures on the long bond jumped 4.25 basis points, or more that $4000.00 on just one contract. If you were long say 10 contracts you would be sitting on a $40,000 profit this afternoon.

This port was written by Minyanville contributor Minyan Peter.

The dismantling of the financial stocks is mind-boggling but not entirely unexpected. Last year, we discussed the need for culpability to extend throughout the societal spectrum, from borrowers who over-extended on their credit to the institutions that financially engineered risk to policy makers who were compliant by acceptance.

The fact that many of these names are going to Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) is perhaps the healthiest possible scenario through the lens of "taking medicine as a function of time and price." It is, however, massively unfortunate for the employees who simply followed marching orders.

We're talking livelihoods lost here. Life savings evaporated. Careers ruined.

Therein lies the "other side" of the aforementioned "healthy" scenario: societal and structural implications. We've talked about the former ad naseum so I don't think we need to beat that horse. On the structural side -- and something to keep in mind for those calling for the heads of financial professionals -- is the fact that if there isn't incentive for people to fix the system, it simply won't get fixed.

Incentive on Wall Street equals money. The industry will be austere and ripe with humility, mind you, but we must find our way to a healthy supply-demand and a balanced give-and-take. For if we don't crack the code in short order, we risk that our capital market structure will cease to exist altogether.

This situation is called being "upside down," which means that you owe more than the house is worth. Selling your home when you are "upside down" is called a "short sale."

This is not a new practice. It has been used before but never without a buyer. Most deals fell through because the paper work took too long or because lenders, servicing firms and mortgage guarantors rejected the sales price. For these reasons, "short sales" have a bad reputation among real estate agents.

Last Friday the Fed announced a $200 billion dollar program for buying toxic assets from banks to help them stay afloat. Yesterday the New York Federal Reserve Bank started a new $500 billion dollar program for buying toxic securities from Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) and Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM)

Since Friday the yield on 30 year agency mortgage securities dropped from 208 basis points over Treasuries down to 190 basis points. This has had the effect of lowering mortgage rates. The rate on a 30 year fixed mortgage has dropped to 5.3% from 6% last November.

The Fed is using four firms to conduct these transactions. They are: BlackRock (NYSE: BLK), Goldman Sachs (NYSE: GS), Pimco and Wellington Management.

As was stated previously, the Fed has not disclosed the details of any of these repurchase programs. They are saying that they will be doing this "as the need arises."

A dramatic effect of this new Fed action is the sharp drop in US Treasuries, which today are down another 217 basis points on the 30 year March futures contract. Since last Wednesday the March 30 year bond futures contract has dropped from 141 down to 133 for a drop of about 800 basis points or $8,000.

I guess we can assume from all of this that Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and the banks are in much deeper trouble than the Fed led us to believe last November. The Fed is not calling these bailouts any longer. They are just going ahead with these massive programs, programs that, by and large, investors and the public are not aware of.

What are your thoughts on these programs?

July 14 -- Dow 11,055 (down 45 points); trading range, 327 points

The third-largest bank failure in U.S. history made headlines after IndyMac Bancorp collapsed following a run on the bank.

An FDIC takeover of IndyMac attempted to keep operations as normal as possible, but doubts began to arise about other troubled regionals like Washington Mutual (later sold to JPMorgan Chase) and National City (now a part of PNC Financial after an October "take-under," where the company was purchased at a discount to its stock value).

But wait, there's more. After years of financial shenanigans and controversy, Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) and Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) were placed into conservatorship in a federal takeover of the government sponsored enterprises. This contributed to another slaughter in the financials, with 96% of the sector posting a loss for the session.

Oh, and if you wanted to drown your sorrows over an American-owned brew, scratch Budweiser off your list. Anheuser-Busch agreed to merge with Belgium's InBev for $70 a share, or $52 billion.

Greg Tucker is the executive editor of OptionsZone.com.

This shorting strategy defied all odds and pretty much defined the year for the stock market.

I don't know anyone who truly thought Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) and Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) would both be trading under a buck as 2008 came to close.

The idea of these once-in-a-class-by-themselves quasi-government entities that touch more than 85% of all mortgages in the United States going into full receivership by the government was considered foolish, almost ludicrous discussion that only invited serious sarcasm from professional Fannie and Freddie watchers.

The ultimate collapse of both stocks was devastating, not only to investors that continued to believe all the false headlines spewing from the front offices of FNM and FRE that said they were more than amply capitalized, but the whole financial sector as well.

The notion that Freddie and Fannie were too big to fail was a given, sucking in long-side investors at every 10-point interval on the way down to zero.