General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM) has consistently said the upcoming Chevy Volt all-electric vehicle was part of a gateway to the future for the company. But it did not anticipate having to borrow tens of billions from the U.S. government in the interim before it could get that product out the door at a reasonable price with decent marketing. Add to that the complete slowdown of customers buy new cars and trucks and GM is a hurtin'.

So much so that the automaker has shut down plans to make a new generation of four-cylinder engines at a plant in Flint, Mich., and instead will import what it needs to build the first generation of the Chevy Volt instead. In addition, the plant being shut down was to build smaller engines for the Chevy Cruze -- another small car GM is planning to build.

General Motors Corp (NYSE: GM) eliminated overtime at six of its North American SUV and pickup assembly plants for 2007, citing fuel prices and the competitive market. Spokesman Tom Wickham said the automaker cut production to manage its inventory levels, according to the Detroit Free Press.

The move by General Motors hints that the auto industry is moving towards a "longer and more painful downturn in the U.S. than many had expected," according to the Wall Street Journal.

What's baffling is that GM, as well as the WSJ, didn't see this coming any earlier. SUV and truck sales for General Motors were down 9% over the first seven months of the year. Auto sales were surprisingly weak in June and even worse in July for the whole industry. Add the weak housing environment, the current credit market debacle, the ever rising price of oil and the global demand for hybrid technology to the mix and one has to question who didn't see this coming.

In a recent survey jointly conducted by The British Council and a China daily, 84% of young Chinese want to purchase a car (despite the fact that 80% of them are concerned with global warning).

General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) hopes to capitalize on that 84%. Shanghai General Motors' joint venture with Shanghai Automotive have announced the creation of interest-free car loans, as they fight for additional market share in the competitive Chinese market. In the first six months of 2007, General Motor brands have lagged in China behind the sales increases for passenger vehicles. Sales for Shanghai GM were up 12%, while overall car sales in China climbed 26%.

The "Buick Elite Wealth-Management Program," as its called, will try to lure buyers into financing in a nation where many prefer to buy cars with cash. GM officials said they were unaware of the initiative before it was announced to the Chinese media, the Wall Street Journal reported.

BusinessWeek put together a list of the most recalled new cars in 2007. What is surprising is that four out of the top five vehicles were imports, and not domestic cars. Chrysler's (NYSE: DAI) Jeep Liberty, with 149,605 recalls, was the only domestic in the top 5. Chrysler had three other significant recalls, including the new Dodge Nitro, Jeep Wrangler and Chrysler Sebring. General Motors (NYSE: GM) had two vehicles recalled, while Ford's (NYSE: F) lone recall was from its Expedition line, and only totaled 10,000 SUVs.

Toyota's (NYSE: TM) Sequoia hit No. 2 on the recall list, with 533,000 vehicles recalled. This is a surprising improvement from last year, where Toyota recalled nearly 700,000 vehicles.

The new Volkswagen (OTC: VLKAY) Beetle took No. 1 on the recall list; triggered by the potential for a brake light switch to malfunction in over 1 million vehicles if it was installed incorrectly.

Take a look at BusinessWeek's slide show here.

Due to potential safety problems, Toyota (NYSE: TM) has decided to delay the launch of new high-mileage hybrids with lithium-ion battery technology by one to two years, according to The Wall Street Journal, which cited people familiar with the strategy. The decision destroys any chance of Toyota meeting its goal of selling 600,000 hybrids a year by early next decade, up from almost 200,000 in 2006. The move allows General Motors (NYSE: GM) and others the opportunity to narrow the gap of future vehicle technology.

Toyota has also postponed its plans for the hybrid versions of the Sequoia SUV and the Tundra pickup until 2013-2014. That puts Toyota way behind General Motors and Chrysler's plans to launch hybrid SUVs in 2008.

The "potential safety problem" Toyota says, is the development of lithium cobalt oxide particles in its batteries, which have a tendency to overheat, catch fire or even explode. According to the company, similar problems have been seen in Sony Corp. (NYSE: SNE) lithium-ion batteries in laptops -- mostly because the chemistry of Sony's batteries was similar to that of batteries they were attempting to use in future hybrids.

The next-generation Prius will instead use the conventional nickel-metal-hydride batteries for its launch in early 2009. The first Toyota hybrid with lithium-ion battery technology will not arrive in the U.S. until 2011.

GM will have an opportunity to launch its first lithium-ion hybrid, the Saturn VUE Green Line model, as soon as late 2009, and before any competitors. Toyota's delays also give Honda Motors (NYSE: HMC) the opportunity to highlight its launch of a subcompact hybrid with improved nickel-metal-hydride batteries in 2009. Volkswagen (OTC: VLKAY), BMW and DaimlerChrysler (NYSE: DAI) all plan to create clean diesel engines for U.S. cars starting in 2009. The automakers say they now have obtained the technology to meet tough American clean-air standards.

Regardless of which company produces the first lithium-ion hybrid, Toyota's delays push back J.D. Power's estimates on future hybrid sales. Hybrid sales totaled 2.3% of all auto sales this year and were expected to reach 5% by 2010.

J.D. Power and Associates said that 187,000 hybrids were sold in the first half of 2007, according to USA Today, which accounted for a minuscule 2.3% of all new vehicle sales. Despite the recent slowdown in auto sales, the auto information company expects total sales of 345,000 hybrids for the year, a 35% jump from 2006.

The best-selling hybrid model continues to be the Toyota (NYSE: TM) Prius, which accounted for just over half of all hybrids sold. J.D. Power told the newspaper that Prius sales received a boost from incentives of up to $2,000 per vehicle, which offset the drop in federal tax breaks for hybrids this year. Incentives were something Detroit and the "Big Three" were hoping to avoid this summer, and became one of the main reasons domestic market share fell below 50% for the first time in history.

In the next few years, the competition in the hybrid segment will intensify. J.D. Power estimates there will be as many as 65 hybrid models in the market by 2010, with more than half of them being trucks. It also projects sales of nearly 750,000 units, nearly double the expectations of 2007.

What's not shocking to read is that Toyota, a foreign car manufacturer, holds top billing in hybrid sales. American manufacturers again are late to the game. What is shocking is that despite soaring gas prices, hybrid sales totaled a meager 2.3% of all new vehicles. In three years projections push this out to 5%, which is still too low. If Americans want to complain about high gas prices and how they can't take the pain of paying $3.50 a gallon every week, maybe they should do something proactive and buy a hybrid.

Toyota Motors (NYSE: TM) is launching the first U.S. tests of its plug-in hybrid technology in two converted Prius hybrids. The test cars will run on nickel-metal hydride batteries for seven miles before a gas engine kicks in.

Although seven miles is nothing to rejoice about, other automakers are also developing plug-in vehicles that are more technologically advanced:

• General Motors (NYSE: GM) is developing the Volt plug-in, with hopes of reaching 40 miles of electric-powered travel with the new lithium-ion batteries.

• Ford Motor (NYSE: F) announced earlier this month it plans to give 20 Escape Hybrid SUVs modified as plug-ins to Southern California Edison for testing.

• Chrysler Group (NYSE: DCX) modified several Sprinter delivery vans as plug-ins, with one designated for newspaper delivery.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Take-Two Interactive Software (TTWO), Greenbrier Cos (GBX), DirecTV Group (DTV), General Motors (GM) and Ford (F) were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• Soleil upgraded shares of Take-Two Interactive Software (NASDAQ: TTWO) to Buy from Hold as they believe the new management team has quickly taken multiple steps to address key issues and is refocusing on profitable growth.

• Morgan Keegan raised Greenbrier Cos (NYSE: GBX) to Market Perform from Underperform following the company's Q3 report.

• Citigroup upgraded shares of DirecTV Group Inc (NYSE: DTV) to Buy from Hold as they see a 75% chance that Liberty Media (LCAPA) tenders for DTV within the next 12 months and could offer $30 a share for the company.

• JP Morgan upgraded General Motors Corp (NYSE: GM) to Overweight from Neutral with a $50 target and Ford Motor Co (NYSE: F) to Overweight from Underweight as they see signs that unions will engage in radical changes, which could bring EPS upside. General Motors was also added to JP Morgan's Focus List...

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Jefferies raised Micron Technology (NYSE: MU) to Buy from Hold.

• Cowen added shares of Gilead Sciences (NASDAQ: GILD) to its Focus List.

• Friedman Billings added Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) to its Top Pick list.

• Buckingham upgraded shares of American Eagle Outfitters (NYSE: AEO) to Accumulate from Neutral.

• Gabelli upgraded shares of Gemstar-TV Guide International (NASDAQ: GMST) to Buy from Hold.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

MOST NOTEWORTHY: General Motors (GM), Aluminum Corp of China (ACH), Greenbrier Cos (GBX) and Monsanto (MON) were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Bear Stearns cut General Motors (NYSE: GM) to Peer Perform from Outperform based on valuation and growing fundamental headwinds.

• HSBC downgraded Aluminum Corp of China (NYSE: ACH) to Underweight from Neutral as they believe prices of lightweight metal have peaked.

• Greenbrier Cos (NYSE: GBX) was cut at Bear Stearns to Peer Perform from Outperform on valuation.

• Matrix USA downgraded Monsanto (NYSE: MON) to Buy from Strong Buy on valuation...

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Sandler cut Western Alliance Bancorporation (NYSE: WAL) to Hold from Buy.

• UBS cut Arris Group (NASDAQ: ARRS) to Neutral from Buy.

• AG Edwards downgraded Hilton Hotels (NYSE: HLT) to Sell from Buy. Gabelli cut Hilton Hotels to Hold from Buy.
  

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