Hovnanian Enterprises (HOV) is scheduled to take the earnings stage after Wednesday's closing bell, with Wall Street expecting the homebuilder to report a fiscal third-quarter loss of 52 cents per share. This would mark a notable improvement over Hovnanian's year-ago loss of $2.16 per share, but there's no guarantee the company can match analysts' expectations. During the past four quarters, Hovnanian has fallen short of consensus earnings estimates on two occasions.

Accordingly, speculators have been loading up on bearish bets as Hovnanian's quarterly report approaches. The International Securities Exchange (ISE) reports that traders have bought to open 4.64 puts for every call on HOV during the past 10 days, revealing a strong bias toward pessimistically oriented options.

Hovnanian Enterprises Inc. (NYSE: HOV) announced Monday morning that it will sell up to $775 million (WSJ subscription required) of seven-year notes in order to fund its previously reported tender offer for up to $759.3 million in debt. The struggling homebuilder also reported that $877 million of the notes were tendered by the early deadline on Friday. As a result, Hovnanian reduced the maximum amount of unsecured notes it will buy from $130 million to $100 million.

Last week, a Wall Street Journal article noted that Hovnanian is "hobbled" by its debt, even as the rest of the industry is ready to buy up land at a bargain. As of July 31, Hovnanian's net debt accounted for 109% of total capital, compared to an average of 26% for the dozen major homebuilders tracked by research firm Zelman & Associates.

Shares in Toll Brothers (NYSE: TOL) struggled to hold onto ground gained early in the trading session, a day after the luxury home-builder reported a much larger quarterly loss. Shares rallied shortly after the morning bell on comments from Toll on Thursday that it sees the U.S. housing market beginning to stabilize.

Trading volume hit a peak just before 10 a.m. ET when 95,000 shares traded hands. But a new survey showing a decline in consumer confidence helped push trading volume lower and the stock dipped into negative territory before resuming positive gains.

Despite the fact that the challenging housing conditions are still persisting, it looks like that some major housing companies are poised to see the light at the end of tunnel. SmartMoney underlines the fact that there has been some encouraging trend for homebuilders during the past few months.

Major names such as Toll Brothers Inc. (NYSE: TOL), Lennar Corp. (NYSE: LEN), Pulte Homes Inc. (NYSE: PHM), Hovnanian Enterprises Inc. (NYSE: HOV) and D.R. Horton Inc. (NYSE: DHI) showed a nice recovery attempt lately, but the National Association of Home Builders still warns investors to remain cautions regarding companies in the housing sector.

The National Association points out that, "the housing market has shown no evidence of improvement thus far," and the sentiment index is close to a historical low.

Looking at investing in housing stocks, one analyst at T. Rowe Price, Josh Spencer, makes a two-way analysis. From his point of view, housing stocks have a lot of risk if we are talking about their volatility, but they are not as risky when referring to a long-term time horizon due to their current cheap value.

Hovnanian Enterprises (NYSE: HOV) is a major U.S. homebuilder. The firm designs and constructs single-family detached homes, attached townhomes and condominiums, mid-rise and high-rise condominiums, urban infill, and active adult homes. It targets first-time buyers, move-up buyers, luxury buyers, active adult buyers, and empty nesters. The company operates in 19 states, primarily along the East Coast and in the Midwest, California, and Texas. Hovnanian also offers mortgage financing and title services.

Investors were relieved last month, when the company reported a Q1 loss of $2.07 per share and revenues of $1.09 billion. On average, the Street had been looking for a loss of $1.96 per share and revenues of $911.4 million. Management admitted that the housing market remains challenging, but it continued to project positive cash flow from operations in excess of $100 million for FY08. Fitch Ratings subsequently upgraded its view of the homebuilder's revolving credit facility, saying the recovery prospects were "outstanding." The change to "BB-/RR1" from "B-/RR4" came, after Hovnanian reduced its credit facility from $1.2 billion to $900 million.

For homebuilders like Hovnanian Enterprises Inc. (NYSE: HOV), Toll Brothers Inc. (NYSE: TOL) and D.R. Horton Inc. (NYSE: DHI), 2007 was a year to forget, and 2008 probably isn't going to be that great either.

For Hovnanian, which today reported a fourfold increase in its fourth-quarter loss, times are going to be especially hard. The New Jersey company is selling off property at a furious pace, reducing its total land position by 47%, and will cut it further next year, according to Chief Financial Officer J. Larry Sorsby. During the fourth quarter, land sales rose to $64.15 million compared with $41.3 million a year earlier. Homebuilding revenue fell to $1.3 billion. Obviously, that's a not a situation that's sustainable for a company whose business is selling homes, not selling land. Shares of Hovnanian are down $2.09, or 24%, at last check to $6.45.

With his popularity at an all time low and the very real prospect of the Democrats taking back control of the White House in 2008, President Bush is throwing a lifeline to subprime mortgage holders who are in danger of losing their homes to foreclosure.

The plan would allow homeowners who are 90 days behind in their mortgages to refinance their debt through loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration, a move that will help about 80,000 households. Homeowners also would be able to avoid taxes on forgiven debt under a temporary change Bush is proposing. The President also will call for Congress to raise FHA loan limits to $417,000 in some expensive markets. Interestingly, Bush is rejecting calls to let Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac increase the total value of the mortgages they hold in their portfolio.

Before people talk about the return of compassionate conservatism, it's important to remember that many subprime mortgage holders are speculators or people who bought second or third homes. Nonetheless, the administration had to do something to help people who were hoodwinked by sleazy brokers into mortgages that they couldn't afford.

In a televised address, Bush like Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke stressed that it isn't government's role to bail out speculators. He also argued that the economy "remains strong enough to weather any turbulance."

Regardless, investors took these reports as a positive sign, sending shares of financial stocks including Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (NYSE: GS), Countrywide Financial Corp. (NYSE: CFC) and Bear Stearns Cos. (NYSE: BSC) higher. Homebuilders, including Hovnanian Enterprises Inc. (NYSE: HOV), Toll Brothers Inc. (NYSE: TOL) and Beazer Homes USA Inc. (NYSE: BZH) all gave back their gains from earlier today after the speech.

Something has to be done to help the real victims of this crisis, though I'm not sure whether these moves will be enough to address the subprime problem. The government needs to be sure that it's helping the people who deserve to be helped.

Why does it seem that Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) is late to the homebuilding slump? Because they are. The housing sector has been in the dumps for months now and yet only this morning did Citigroup downgrade stocks in the sector. Citigroup downgraded D.R. Horton Inc (NYSE: DHI), Hovnanian Enterprises Inc (NYSE: HOV), KB Home (NYSE: KBH), Lennar Corporation (NYSE: LEN), Pulte Homes Inc (NYSE: PHM), Toll Brothers Inc (NYSE: TOL) and The Ryland Group Inc (NYSE: RYL) to Hold from Buy as they believe "shares will remain range-bound through the rest of the year."

Let's recap:

KB Home: The company reported a second quarter loss and sales hit three-year lows. The loss was partly due to land value-related charges that highlighted the continued decay of the U.S. housing market. The company also said it was unable to provide investors with a full-year earnings forecast and couldn't say when they thought conditions would improve.

Lennar: Reported a Q2 loss. The company said market conditions had eroded so much that it's not trying to limit its losses for the year.

Pulte Homes: In response to the "challenging operating environment that continues to exist in the U.S. homebuilding industry," the company announced a restructuring plan designed to reduce costs and improve operating efficiencies in May.

Get the picture? Here's one more:

Ryland Group: Reported a Q1 loss in April and said it wouldn't be able to provide new guidance due to the slump in the housing market.

See a pattern? Homebuilder after homebuilder, it's the same story -- company faces challenging housing market, company loses money, tries to regain profitability. You'd think Citigroup would have noticed.

Aside from the companies themselves, other firms and analysts have said their piece about the sector. March data showed sales of existing homes fell to a four-year low. In April, Census Bureau data showed there were 2.5 million vacant non-seasonal housing units for sale, way over many firms' predictions. Additionally, AG Edwards said on April 30th that "it is not a good time to buy shares yet." Standard & Poor's said in May that they believed over a third of all U.S. homebuilders were "vulnerable to rating downgrades" in the midst of a "three-year downturn."

This is not news. Maybe Citigroup just missed it.