There is a lot of bad news affecting the stock market and prices are falling for some very important reasons. These include reduced expectations for earnings, higher unemployment, a lack of liquidity, a housing market that has not bottomed yet, federal spending gone wild, and the collapse of some venerable financial institutions to name a select few.

The Standard & Poor's 500 Index: started the year (Dec 28, 2007) at 1,478.49 and as of Friday October 3 it was 1,099.23, down 25.7%.

There are concerns about recession and even a depression and the global market for most commodities has softened.

Given all this how can I believe that the market is becoming irrational to the downside and values abound?

For one reason I know that many people are selling stocks out of fear of the market going lower and they do not want to be the last one out of the pool. That is a legitimate reason to sell but has nothing to do with the intrinsic value of a company or stock. If the index is being sold off then that means the good are being sold along with the bad.

Another factor pressuring the market relates directly to tight liquidity. I recently refinanced my home and the bank wanted me to reduce my home equity line to comply with its much tighter lending requirements. I sold some stock to accommodate them but this had nothing to do with stock valuations. I also sold some stocks and funds to buy down a commercial real estate loan in the past month. I had no pressure to do so because the loan to value is very low, but we are looking to acquire additional property as distress sales turn up and want to keep our powder dry.

Many people have been allowing their credit card debts to increase but facing little hope of growth in the stock market; those that can are selling stocks to buy down their debts where they can. This too has nothing to do with the intrinsic value of the stocks they are selling.

Yahoo! (NASDAQ: YHOO) implied volatility elevated at 40. YHOO is recently down 37 cents to $22.95. YHOO overall option implied volatility of 40 is above its 26-week average of 35 according to Track Data, suggesting larger risk.

Microsoft (NASDAQ: MSFT) implied volatility elevated at 40. MSFT is recently down 19 cents to $27.91. MSFT overall option implied volatility of 40 is above its 26-week average of 23 according to Track Data, suggesting larger risk.

Amgen (NASDAQ: AMGN) implied volatility elevated at 34 after restructuring. AMGN is recently down $1.57 to $49.02. Goldman Sachs says: "Sales and costs in line. Maintain estimate and intrinsic value of $45." AMGN September option implied volatility of 34 is above its 26-week average of 26 according to Track Data, indicating larger risks.

Cisco Systems (NASDAQ: CSCO) implied volatility elevated at 34. CSCO is recently up 9 cents to $30.01. CSCO will be holding an analyst meeting on September 5 in San Jose. Jeffreies has a Buy rating on CSCO. CSCO September option implied volatility of 34 is above its 26-week average of 28 according to Track Data, suggesting slightly larger risk.

Volatility Index S&P 500 Options-VIX up 2.68 to 33.35.

Daily options Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com.