H&R Block (NYSE: HRB), a tax-preparation company whose colleagues include Intuit (NASDAQ: INTU) and Jackson Hewitt Tax Service (NYSE: JTX), was up in the after-hours session on Monday because the market approved of the company's Q4 earnings report. At one point, shares had gained almost 5.8%, and that was on top of 1.6% gain during the regular session. Volume was okay during the regular session, not overly spectacular.

H&R Block did pretty well considering revenues declined almost 3%. Earnings from continuing operations were flat at $2.09 per diluted share. This was enough to beat estimates of $2.05 per share according to this source.

Analyst upgrades:

• Barclays believes Procter & Gamble's (NYSE: PG) portfolio mix provides better leverage to stabilizing macro trends. The firm upgraded shares to Overweight from Equal weight and raised its target to $60 from $56. Note the firm downgraded Colgate (NYSE: CL) to Equal Weight from Overweight.
• Deutsche Bank upgraded McDonald's (NYSE: MCD) to Buy from Hold as it finds the risk/reward on shares compelling at current levels and sees upcoming catalysts from McCafe and easing commodity pressures. The firm raised its target price to $65 from $60.
• FBR Capital upgraded Talbots (NYSE: TLB) to Outperform from Market Perform to reflect an attractive risk/reward, reduced risk of a bankruptcy, and merchandise improvements. The firm raised its target price to $4 from $2.
• Nokia (NYSE: NOK) was upgraded to Buy from Hold at Deutsche Bank.
• Analog Devices (NYSE: ADI) was upgraded to Neutral from Underperform at Baird.

Tax specialist H&R Block (NYSE: HRB), whose colleagues include Intuit (NASDAQ: INTU) and Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX), prepared its Q2 earnings report for investors on Monday after the exchanges had closed. According to this article, the company met expectations for the bottom line. H&R Block saw a net loss of $0.40 per share from continuing operations. That was an improvement of two cents when compared to Q2 2007.

While the bottom line met expectations, the top line came in below what Wall Street was hoping for. The call was for a little over $397 million in sales revenue. H&R Block actually delivered $351.5 million. So, when you add it all together, you come up with something of a lukewarm quarter, in my opinion.

But you have to remember something about this business: tax season is coming up. So, even though we're talking about a loss right now, we should be talking about a profit once the fiscal year concludes. In fact, analysts are calling for H&R Block to earn around $1.63 per share. Management believes that somewhere between $1.60 and $1.70 per share is conceivable. That leaves room for a beat. And, at the stock's current price, H&R Block may be cheap.

Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) is recently down 10 cents to $17.07. JTX is scheduled to report Q1 EPS on September 4. Soleil Group says: "We believe there are too many uncertainties to be aggressive one way or the other; we are maintaining our Hold rating." JTX September option implied volatility of 50 is below its 26-week average of 55 according to Track Data, suggesting decreasing price movement.

H&R Block (NYSE: HRB) is recently up 24 cents to $25.23. Soleil Group has a Buy rating and price target of $28 on HRB. HRB September option implied volatility of 40 is near its 26-week average, suggesting non-directional price movement.

Volatility Index S&P 500 Options-VIX down 27c to 19.48; 10-day moving average is 20.24

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com

H&R Block (NYSE: HRB), whose colleagues include Intuit (NASDAQ: INTU) and Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX), reported Q4 and full-year earnings on Monday. The numbers looked pretty good to me. For Q4, revenues increased 11% to $2.6 billion and earnings per diluted share from continuing operations increased 17% to $2.11. According to this article, analysts' expectations were beat by $0.08. For the full year, the top line expanded by 10%, coming in at $4.4 billion. Earnings per diluted share from continuing operations jumped 21% to $1.39.

The tax specialist said it worked with 23.5 million clients, the most ever in its corporate history. That's a nice indication of health for the company, I suppose, but here's a better one. The board decided to juice the dividend. The annual payment will now be $0.60 per share, translating to a 5% increase. Okay, 5% isn't too exciting, I'll grant you, but H&R Block has now increased its payments to shareholders every year for over a decade.

But, as the company stated in its release, although it intends on repurchasing shares over the next few years, it will remain "particularly disciplined" about the subject in the next fiscal year. Essentially, that means shareholders should not expect a lot of share repurchases for a while. H&R Block is reacting to the fact that it is still rebooting itself after being victimized by the subprime mortgage crisis. I'd rather hear a more aggressive stance in terms of buyback plans, but I'd say there is prudent motive in such posture given the company's state.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Thornburg Mortgage, Whirlpool and Jackson Hewitt were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Jefferies downgraded shares of Thornburg Mortgage (NYSE: TMA) to Hold from Buy to reflect the ongoing dislocation of the mortgage markets and lowered their target to $3.75 from $14. While they believe Thornburg will probably survive its current liquidity crisis, they think the company's capital structure will be impaired further.
  
• JP Morgan downgraded Whirlpool (NYSE: WHR) to Underweight from Neutral, citing valuation, higher steel prices, the difficult macro environment and competition.
  
• Stephens cut Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) to Equal Weight from Overweight to reflect the company's recent results and concerns over the issues that have impacted the basic business.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Merrill lowered Bank of Montreal (NYSE: BMO) to Sell from Neutral.
  
• Lehman downgraded PDL BioPharma (NASDAQ: PDLI) to Equal Weight from Overweight.
  
• Friedman Billings downgraded Tessera (NASDAQ: TSRA) to Market Perform from Outperform.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Novartis, AIG, Diageo, and BEA Systems were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• HSBC downgraded Novartis (NYSE: NVS) to Underweight from Neutral, as they believe the company's mid-single digit pharma sales growth is not sustainable.
  
• AIG (NYSE: AIG) was downgraded to Market Perform from Outperform by Keefe Bruyette due to their concerns about the company's deteriorating profit trends.
  
• Diageo (NYSE: DEO) was lowered to Neutral from Buy by Goldman Sachs to reflect a lack of near-term catalysts.
  
• Deutsche Bank downgraded BEA Systems (NASDAQ: BEAS) to Hold from Buy, as they believe it is likely that the acquisition will close in April.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Live Nation (NYSE: LYV) was dropped to Hold from Buy by Morgan Joseph.
• Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) was dropped to Neutral from Buy at FTN Midwest.
• Roth Capital downgraded Collagenex (NASDAQ: CGPI) to Hold from Buy.
• Credit Suisse lowered MFA Mortgage (NYSE: MFA) to Neutral from Outperform.

H&R Block (NYSE: HRB) closed at $18.47 Tuesday.

Soleil Securities has a Buy rating on HRB.

HRB overall option implied volatility of 45 is near its 26-week average according to Track Data, suggesting non-directional price movement.

Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) closed Tuesday at $21.65, near a 30-month low.

Soleil Securities has a Hold rating with an $18 price target on JTX.

JTX overall option implied volatility of 59 is above its 26-week average of 43 according to Track Data, suggesting larger price movement.

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Getty Images (GYI), Jackson Hewitt (JTX), Electronic Data (EDS), RC2 Corp (RCRC) and Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG) were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Deutsche Bank cut Getty Images (NYSE: GYI) to Sell from Hold citing deterioration in its core business. Gabelli downgraded Getty Images to Hold from Buy after the company lowered guidance to reflect the changing industry dynamics.

• Goldman cut Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) to Sell from Neutral citing near-term risks that include the renegotiation of the HSBC (HBC)/RAL contract, the DoJ/IRS investigation, and decreasing performance in tax.

• Jefferies downgraded Electronic Data Systems (NYSE: EDS) to Hold from Buy to reflect the company's slowing cash flow improvement.

• Wedbush downgraded RC2 Corp (NASDAQ: RCRC) to Buy from Strong Buy on the lower sales forecast for 2007. Soleil cut shares to Hold from Gradually Accumulate to reflect uncertainty over the Thomas recall and increased competition.

• Chipotle Mexican Grill (NYSE: CMG) was downgraded to Market Perform from Outperform based on valuation...

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Lazard downgraded Kyphon (NASDAQ: KYPH) to Hold from Buy.

• SMH Capital cut Aventine Renewable Energy (NYSE: AVR) to Sell from Neutral.

• Credit Suisse downgraded AutoDesk (NASDAQ: ADSK) to Neutral from Buy.

• UBS cut SABMiller (OTC SBMRY) to Reduce from Neutral.

• CIBC downgraded Marvell Tech (NASDAQ: MRVL) to Sector Performer from Outperformer.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

The federal inquiry into Jackson-Hewitt Tax Services (NYSE: JTX) has expanded amid allegations that more than 125 of the company's offices knowingly helped tens of thousands of its customers file fraudulent tax returns to obtain $70 million in refunds. Last week, the company disclosed that it was being investigated by the IRS.

The company's stock has not tanked on news, partly because the announcement is just an expansion of the current investigation. For now, the accusations of wrongdoing are limited to the company's franchisees, but that could of course change.

Even if Jackson-Hewitt itself isn't charged, this raises serious questions about the company's internal controls, training, and oversight of its franchisees. The company said in a filing that it "intends to complete the internal review promptly and to implement a variety of enhancements in the areas of compliance and monitoring for the 2008 filings season."

This raises many questions.

Will the scandals hurt the company's growth? Will potential franchisees want to associate themselves with a company that is the subject of such a scandal?

The shares haven't tumbled that much on the news of the investigation and I think the market may be underestimating the effect this will have on the company's growth.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Tenet Healthcare Corp (THC), Furniture Brands International, Inc (FBN), Sepracor Inc (SEPR), ValueClick, Inc (VCLK) and Altria Group, Inc (MO) were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Bear Stearns downgraded shares of Tenet Healthcare (NYSE: THC) to Underperform from Peer Peform citing difficulties in California and weak margins.

• Stifel downgraded Furniture Brands (NYSE: FBN) to Sell from Hold citing concerns regarding continued weakness in the housing industry.

• Summer Street downgraded Sepracor (NASDAQ: SEPR) to Sell from Neutral after the HCPCS website indicated Xopenex and Albuterol will have the same code as of July 1.The firm believes this eliminates the optimistic scenarios that Sepracor can garner a minimal-or-no-reimbursement cut.

• RBC downgraded shares of ValueClick (NASDAQ: VCLK) to Underperform from Sector Perform as the firm believes the FTC letter poses a risk to earnings and that the company is unlikely to be acquired.

• Matrix downgraded Altria Group (NYSE: MO) to Buy from Strong Buy to reflect decreasing cigarette sales and increasing valuation...

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• American Technology cut Autodesk, Inc (NASDAQ: ADSK) to Neutral from Buy.

• Matrix downgraded Fluor Corp (NYSE: FLR) to Sell from Buy.

• Jackson Hewitt Tax Service (NYSE: JTX) was cut to Market Perform from Outperform at William Blair.

• Baird sent Alliance Data Systems Corp (NYSE: ADS) to Neutral from Outperform.

• Roth Capital downgraded shares of Sonic Solutions (NASDAQ: SNIC) to Hold from Buy.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Weyerhaeuser Co (WY), Jackson Hewitt Tax Service Inc (JTX), Hewlett-Packard Co (HPQ) and Coldwater Creek Inc (CWTR) were some of today's more noteworthy upgrades:

• UBS upgraded shares of Weyerhaeuser Co (NYSE: WY) to Neutral from Reduce citing the stock's recent weakness.

• Morgan Stanley upgraded shares of Jackson Hewitt Tax Service (NYSE: JTX) to Equal Weight from Underweight on valuation as the firm believes yesterday's sell-off was overdone.

• Hewlett-Packard Co (NYSE: HPQ) was upgraded to buy from Neutral at American Technology on valuation.

• Coldwater Creek (NASDAQ: CWTR) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at Bank of America based on the company's favorable risk/reward.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• BB&T upgraded shares of Pacer International, Inc (NASDAQ: PACR) to Buy from Hold citing the company's operational changes and new $100M shares' repurchase.

• Goldman upgraded Spherion Corp (NYSE: SFN) to Neutral from Sell.

• SkyWest, Inc (NASDAQ: SKYW) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at Prudential.

• Bear Stearns upgraded shares of Sonic Corp (NASDAQ: SONC) to Outperform from Peer Perform on expectations of an acceleration in partner drive-in same store sales and system wide unit expansion.

• Citigroup upgraded Corinthian Colleges, Inc (NASDAQ: COCO) to Buy from Hold after a company visit as the firm believes expectations are finally low enough and recent initiatives are taking hold. Further, Citigroup believes takeover speculation will limit downside as their analysis suggests an LBO could work.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

MOST NOTEWORTHY: RadioShack Corp (RSH), Juniper Networks, Inc (JNPR), H.B. Fuller Co (FUL) and Sepracor Inc (SEPR) were today's more notable downgrades:

• Morgan Stanley downgraded RadioShack (NYSE: RSH) to Underweight from Equal-Weight on concerns over the company's wireless fundamentals and top-line growth.

• Juniper Networks (NASDAQ: JNPR) was downgraded to Strong Sell from Buy at Matrix USA. The firm sees downside to the intrinsic value calculation of $12 given the company's deteriorating fundamentals.

• H.B. Fuller Co (NYSE: FUL) was cut to Sell from Hold at Gabelli following a meeting with management to reflect the recent management exists and the broker's expectation for a challenging first-half of 2007.

• Sepracor (NASDAQ: SEPR) was cut to Underperform from Market Perform at Friedman Billings, as the firm believes generic availability of Ambien may be a bigger challenge to Seprecor's Lunesta than investors expect.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Jackson Hewitt Tax Service Inc (NYSE: JTX) was cut to Underweight from Market Weight at Thomas Wiesel as they believe the potential near-term competitive trends coupled with potential issues with rising financial product contribution will weigh on valuation.

• Bear Stearns cut Cerner Corp (NASDAQ: CERN) to Peer Perform from Outperform.

• Matrix USA downgraded InfoSpace, Inc (NASDAQ: INSP) to Hold from Buy on valuation.

• Prudential cut Unilever plc (NYSE: UL) to Neutral from Overweight.

• Breen Murray downgraded Century Casinos, Inc (NASDAQ: CNTY) to Hold from Buy.

• Cowen downgraded PeopleSupport, Inc (NASDAQ: PSPT) to Neutral from Outperform based on near-term visibility concerns.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

Franchising has been the saving grace for many small business owners who would like to launch their own businesses while getting help on key start-up decisions like location, equipment, inventories, sales and marketing, and operational logistics.

In fact, many franchises are extremely affordable (all things considered) ways to go into business for yourself, from home-based franchises (like Jani-King), to location-based franchises (like Jackson Hewitt or McDonald's). (Check out Entrepreneur Magazine's 2007 list of the top 100 franchises if you're in the market for a new business.)

If not, a far easier and lower cost way to get involved with some of these top franchises is to buy the stocks. I looked at Entrepreneur's list with an eye toward figuring out which ones would have also been good investments for your portfolio.

Today at its investor meeting H&R Block's (NYSE: HRB) CEO, Mark Ernst, said that he believes the company can generate profit growth rates of 10% to 20% over the next few years.

Part of this growth may come from acquisitions. In fact, the company's CFO indicated that there may be an acquisition of another major tax prep company.

Of course, that got Wall Street buzzing. Who could it be? One possibility is the second biggest tax prep company, Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX). And, yes, the stock price got a boost – increasing 3.66% to $36.53.

But, if this happens, Jackson Hewitt would probably want to take cash. After all, its stock price increased nearly 30% over the past year, while H&R Block's stock fell about 9%.

Tom Taulli is the author of various books, including the Complete M&A Handbook and the EDGAR-Online Guide to Decoding Financial Statements.