American businesses are setting up shop in Mexico instead of China. China, which was the number one location for manufacture of goods bound for the U.S., has fallen into third place. Mexico is now number one, followed by India.

Several factors have converged to make Mexico an attractive place for manufacture. Daniel Silva of the Mission Economic Development Authority said: "Compared to China, Mexico offers better access to North American markets with a shorter, faster and cheaper transportation route to move products and supplies by truck, rather than over thousands of miles by ship, rail and truck combined."

What is lithium? It is a soft, silver-white metal that is a good conductor of both heat and electricity. Because of these properties, lithium is used in the manufacture of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium batteries generate 3 volts of electricity, compared to 1.5 volts for lead/acid or zinc cells.

Lithium is used primarily in the manufacture of car batteries for hybrid cars. These cars are becoming more popular, with the major domestic and foreign car makers using lithium batteries. Hence, lithium has become a highly sought-after commodity.

Mexican President Felipe Calderon is urging lawmakers in his country and in Brazil to consider a free-trade agreement between the Latin American giants, Bloomberg News reported.

If it's approved, this would be no small economic development. First, the pact would further diversify Mexico's trade base: currently, 80% of Mexico's exports go to the United States. Second, and perhaps even more significant, the action would create spin-off commerce in each country. Typically, when free trade pacts are passed, they lead to increases in GDP and in aggregate demand, which leads to new businesses.

According to an Associated Press article citing the U.S. Justice Department, U.S. refineries purchased millions of dollars worth of oil that was stolen from Mexican government pipelines.

Apparently, the oil was stolen from the pipelines and then smuggled across the border, an illegal operation led by Mexican drug cartels that are looking to branch out. Wow, from cocaine to oil ... which of these is the most addictive. Apparently, these drug gangs hit remote pipelines and siphon off quite a bit of oil.

Like oil, sugar is an international commodity. Unlike oil, sugar is an agricultural crop dependent on the weather. This year has seen droughts in some parts of the world and wetter than normal weather in other parts of the world where sugar is grown. Both extremes affect the growth of sugar cane.

Here are some reports from various sugar-growing countries:

• India is both the largest exporter and importer of sugar. This year India will be an importer of sugar. India's inventories will fall 50% to 4.54 million tons, equal to three months consumption. Reports from farmers indicate that plants are only one foot high compared with normal growth of five feet. Rainfall was 64% below normal in the growing regions. To fill the gap, the Indian government is extending duty free imports.

How do we know that world trade is loosening up? One indication is the U.S. trade deficit. Unfortunately the U.S. has been running a growing trade deficit for the past two months. You may be asking, what causes our trade deficit? The U.S. trade deficit is caused by importing more goods than we export. In April the trade gap widened by 2.4% from March to $29.2 billion. This follows a 10-year low in February.

The trade gap narrowed by 53% from a year ago when world trade collapsed from the global recession. The slight gains in the past two months indicate that some improvement is occurring in world commerce.

Carnival Corp (NYSE: CCL - option chain) shares are rising today after the company announced this morning that it will resume stops at Mexican ports now that health officials have lifted advisories against non-essential travel to the nation.

CCL also said the H1N1 Influenza scare will likely reduce second-quarter earnings by 5 cents per share. While that isn't a good thing, investors often prefer to know how bad the news instead of having to guess. If you think that the stock won't fall by too much in the coming months, then now could be a good time to look at a bullish hedged trade on CCL.

CCL opened this morning at $26.18. So far today the stock has hit a low of $25.81 and a high of $26.60. As of 11:35, CCL is trading at $26.41 up 1.41 (5.6%). The chart for CCL looks bearish and S&P gives CCL a negative 2 STARS (out of 5) sell ranking.

Burger King (NYSE: BKC), a fast-food joint that competes with McDonald's (NYSE: MCD), Yum! Brands (NYSE: YUM), and Wendy's/Arby's Group (NYSE: WEN), issued its Q3 report on Wednesday. The top line didn't do much, rising only 1% in the face of difficulties with currency translations. Earnings came in at 34 cents per share. That was one penny better than Wall Street's expectations, according to Reuters.

It's always good to beat the earnings call. But Burger King didn't get much mileage out of that victory. The stock actually sold off 3% on the news, closing yesterday at a fresh 52-week low of $16.55. The big catalyst was the conservative fiscal-year guidance.

Late Tuesday, Carnival Corporation (NYSE: CCL) reported that it will temporarily cancel all stops in Mexico due to fears surrounding the swine flu. "We have decided to cancel calls at Mexican ports for all current sailings. Additionally, we will cancel calls in Mexico for all voyages departing Thursday, April 30 through Monday, May 4," the cruise line operator said in a statement.

Carnival isn't the only cruise line playing it safe. Sector peer Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. (NYSE: RCL) also announced plans to temporarily suspend port calls in Mexico. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has not recommended any travel restrictions to halt the swine flu's spread.

Today was just a weird day as we sold off, but marginally compared to elsewhere. Parts of Asia and Europe, as well as Latin America, saw their equity markets hit hard over fears of a pandemic swine flu outbreak. Many traders feel this is a notion that will pass as a footnote rather than as a catastrophe, and this was a very light day for data. Sheila Bair at FDIC did manage to call the bank liquidity crisis over.

Here are today's unofficial closing bell levels:

Dow 8,025.00 -51.29 (-0.64%)
S&P 500 857.51 -8.72 (-1.01%)
Nasdaq 1,679.41 -14.88 (-0.88%)

Top Analyst Upgrades
Top Analyst Downgrades

It's about that time again: Pepsi vs. Coke. No, not another taste test or another Battle of the Brands. It's time for the next quarterly results from these two soft drink titans.

Analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters anticipate that PepsiCo Inc. (NYSE: PEP), global beverage and snack food giant, will report fourth-quarter earnings this week that are 9.1% higher that a year ago, or $0.88 per share. Revenue is expected to total $12.8 billion, which is 3.9% higher than last year. For the full year, the profit is expected to be $3.67 per share on revenue of $43.4 billion, up from $3.38 per share on $39.5 billion in 2007. PepsiCo's earnings met or beat estimates in four of the past five quarters, but missed by only two cents per share in the third quarter. The consensus recommendation of analysts remains to buy PEP. The share price fell to a 52-week low in January and is now 24.4% lower than it was a year ago. During the fourth quarter, PepsiCo declared a $0.42 per share quarterly dividend, agreed to acquire a Spitz International, and announced investments in China and Mexico.

The nutshell on the 2009 World Economic Forum held in Davos? It was a conference where nearly everyone agreed that the financial crisis started in and is primarily the result of U.S. policy errors, but agreed on little else after that.

Further, the Davos gathering produced almost no new insights regarding the nature of the crisis beyond what is already known: that excessive leverage throughout the system, arcane and in some cases Frankenstein-like derivatives, inadequate national-level financial regulation, and the collapse of demand, set in motion first the U.S. recession, then the credit crunch, then the global recession.

They're called eureka moments or epiphanies, and lately, they've been occurring with regularity regarding current U.S. economic conditions.

Two that occurred recently in yours truly's neck of the woods in the Metro New York City region:

• The parking attendant for a local restaurant resigned from his position, the restaurant manager said. The employee returned to Mexico because he was laid off at his day-time job in construction, could not find comparable work due to the slumping housing market, so he resigned from the night-time parking attendant job and moved back home.

"He said his prospects for finding full-time work are now better in Mexico than they are in the U.S.," the restaurant owner said. He now works in Mexico City, where his family also is, he said.

Emergencies make strange bedfellows. Carlos Slim, the Mexican billionaire, will put $250 million into The New York Times Company (NYSE: NYT). According to The New York Times, "Under the terms of the deal, Mr. Slim, who already owns 6.9 percent of the Times Company, would invest $250 million in the form of six-year notes with warrants that are convertible into common shares." The notes carry a 14% interest rate, which makes them the equivalent of junk debt.

If Slim lived in the US, The Times writers would beat him like a rented mule because of his close, some say too close, ties to the Mexican government. These cozy relationships are often viewed as one of the reasons he has done so well financially.

Forbes reports that Slim may be well-regarded outside Mexico, "But not in Mexico, where the media and the masses long have held a sneaking suspicion that there is something shady about Slim. He is decried as a rapacious monopolist who built his empire on cozy ties to Mexican presidents and other politicians."

Slim is a perfect target for investigative reporting, something The Times prides itself on. But, the paper needs the money, so Slim's potential conflicts of interest in his own country will be overlooked.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 24/7 Wall St.

Short-term interest rates continue their downward trek.

The effort by major central banks to increase the supply of dollars globally to free-up credit continued to move rates in the right direction Thursday -- down -- as private banks were encouraged by the U.S. Federal Reserve's interest rate cut and $120 billion in new swap lines with emerging market central banks.

The London rate for three-month loans in dollars declined for the 14th consecutive day, dropping another 23 basis points to 3.19%. Rates also fell in Asia: the three-month rate for Hong Kong, the HIBOR, dropped 15 basis points to 3.39%.

Meanwhile, the London interbank overnight rate, or LIBOR, plunged another 41 basis points to 0.73% - - its lowest level since January 2001.

Short-term rates, including overnight rates, are key sources of cash for corporations and other large institutions, which use the cash to pay suppliers, make payroll, roll over debt etc. Hence, very high overnight and short-term rates will discourage corporations from conducting business, restricting commerce and slowing the economy, economists say.