Analyst upgrades:

• FBR Capital upgraded U.S. Bancorp (NYSE: USB) and New York Community Bancorp (NYSE: NYB) to Market Perform from Underperform to reflect a new valuation framework. The firm raised its target on U.S. Bancorp to $21 from $14 and on New York Community Bancorp to $10 from $9.
• Stephens upgraded Insulet (NASDAQ: PODD) to Overweight from Equal Weight to reflect the company's top-line growth prospects and reasonable expectations. The firm raised its target on shares to $14 from $8.
• Baird upgraded Athenahealth (NASDAQ: ATHN) to Outperform from Neutral and raised its target to $46 from $37 based on expectations for revenue and gross margin expansion, and relative valuation.
• Broadcom (NASDAQ: BRCM) was upgraded to Overweight from Equal Weight at Barclays.
• Phillips-Van Heusen (NYSE: PVH) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at BofA/Merrill.
• Reliant Energy (NYSE: RRI) was upgraded to Conviction Buy from Neutral at Goldman.

Analyst upgrades:

• Morgan Stanley said Bank of America's (NYSE: BAC) capital needs are largely known and shares are trading "cheaply despite reduced downside risk." The firm upgraded shares to Overweight from Underweight and raised the price target to $25 from $16. Shares were also upgraded to Outperform from Neutral at Baird citing manageable capital needs and attractive risk/reward.
  
• Keefe Bruyette upgraded Fifth Third Bancorp (NASDAQ: FITB) to Outperform from Market Perform on valuation as it views the stock as inexpensive despite the recent rally. The firm has an $8 target on the stock.
• Banc of America/Merrill upgraded Ericsson (NASDAQ: ERIC) to Buy from Neutral as it believes fewer hedging losses could bring upside over the next few quarters.
• Rio Tinto (NYSE: RTP) was raised to Overweight from Neutral at Barclays.
  
• EnerNOC (NASDAQ: ENOC) was lifted to Buy from Neutral at Janney Montgomery.
  
• Westpac Banking (NYSE: WBK) was upgraded to Neutral from Underperform at Credit Suisse.

Analyst upgrades:

• Wachovia upgraded shares of Exelon (NYSE: EXC) to Outperform from Market Perform to reflect the company's attractive nuclear fleets and strong operational track record.
  
• Jesup & Lamont upgraded Ormat Technologies Inc. (NYSE: ORA) to Buy from Hold on valuation and increasing visibility on near-term Products revenue.
  
• RBC Capital upgraded Memc Electronic (NYSE: WFR) to Outperform from Sector Perform on expectations of improved demand growth following the likely eight-year extension of the US solar tax credit program.
• AmBev (NYSE: ABV) was raised to Outperform from Neutral at Credit Suisse.
  
• AmerisourceBergen (NYSE: ABC) was upgraded at Merrill Lynch to Buy from Neutral.
  
• Piper upgraded Anadys Pharma (NASDAQ: ANDS) to Neutral from Sell.

Analyst downgrades:

MOST NOTEWORTHY: The Aerospace sector, Boeing, Aurora Oil & Gas and Syniverse were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Goldman downgraded the Aerospace sector to Cautious from Neutral to reflect high oil prices and the weak economy. The firm also downgraded Boeing (NYSE: BA) shares to Sell from Neutral and added the stock to their Conviction Sell List as they expect the economic weakness and high fuel prices to drive slowing orders.
  
• Jefferies downgraded shares of Aurora Oil & Gas (AMEX: AOG) to Underperform from Hold to reflect the company's falling production, minimal cash flow through the remainder of 2008, and limited access to capital.
  
• Baird cut Syniverse (NYSE: SVR) to Neutral from Outperform as they believe the impact from the Verizon (NYSE: VZ)-Alltel merger could be greater than investors think.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Arch Chemicals (NYSE: ARJ) was lowered at Oppenheimer to Perform from Outperform.
  
• New York Community Bancorp (NYSE: NYB) was downgraded to Hold from Buy at Citigroup.
  
• Sonic (NASDAQ: SONC) was downgraded to Equal Weight from Overweight at Stephens.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: New York Community Bancorp, Gushan Environmental and Central European Distribution were today's noteworthy initiations:

• Citigroup believes New York Community Bancorp (NYSE: NYB) is uniquely-positioned to benefit from the current operating environment and expects loan growth, NIM expansion, and good credit to boost EPS growth over the next year. The firm initiated shares with a Buy rating and $19 target.
  
• Oppenheimer said Gushan Environmental (NYSE: GU) benefits from the Chinese government's policies encouraging growth of renewable fuels; shares were initiated with an Outperform rating and $14 target.
  
• Jefferies initiated Central European Distribution (NASDAQ: CEDC) with a Buy rating and $66 target and views the company as a pure play on rising disposable incomes, particularly in Poland where it is headquartered.

OTHER INITIATIONS:

• Lehman assumed Ciena (NASDAQ: CIEN) with an Overweight rating and $35 target.
  
• BMO Capital started Millenium Pharma (NASDAQ: MLNM) with an Outperform rating and $18 target.
  
• Keefe Bruyette started Meridian Interstate Bancorp (NASDAQ: EBSB) with an Outperform rating and $11.50 target.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: New York Times Co (NYT), New York Community Bancorp, Inc (NYB), Cadbury Schweppes plc (CSG), International Paper Co (IP) and TurboChef Technologies, Inc (OVEN) were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• JP Morgan upgraded shares of the New York Times Co (NYSE: NYT) to Neutral from Underweight to reflect easier advertising sales comparisons the rest of the year and the possibility for a stepped-up buyback program.

• Friedman Billings upgraded New York Community Bancorp (NYSE: NYB) to Market Perform from Underperform with an $18 target.

• Bernstein upgraded shares of Cadbury Schweppes (NYSE: CSG) to Outperform from Market Perform and revised its sum-of-the-parts and "real options" analysis. The firm still sees major upside and limited downside at these levels.

• Matrix believes higher selling prices and lower costs are improving profit margins at International Paper (NYSE: IP).

• TurboChef Technologies (NASDAQ: OVEN) was upgraded to Sector Perform from Underperform following Q1 results...

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Citigroup upgraded H.J. Heinz Co (NYSE: HNZ) to Buy from Hold with a $52 target.

• AG Edwards raised Corporate Office Properties Trust (NYSE: OFC) to Buy from Hold.

• Baird transitioned coverage of Pike Electric Corp (NYSE: PEC) with an Outperform rating, up from Neutral.

• Medical Properties Trust, Inc (NYSE: MPW) was upgraded to Buy from Hold at Stifel.

• Buckingham raised Eaton Corp (NYSE: ETN) to Strong Buy from Accumulate.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).