United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA), US Airways (NYSE: LCC) and American Airlines (NYSE: AMR), according to an influential analyst, have run out of options. Jamie Baker of JPMorgan said in a July 20, 2009 report that these companies couldn't do anything to prevent a cash crisis. They only savior available to them would have to be an outside investor. To call the position grim would be optimistic. Unfortunately, it couldn't have come at a worse time.

As Baker was walking the bear into the airline industry, United was starting to celebrate its change in direction. The carrier has improved its on-time rate, according to a USA Today report, and its operations are coming around. Despite the fact that the airline industry has been brutalized by the global recession, the airline has made some progress. Through August, the company's share price doubled, and its ascent has continued in September. So, the company is locked in an ongoing struggle to manage its identity, cope with its past and shape how the world sees it today.

The operational "makeover" has resulted in a reduction of its fleet from 601 jets in 2000 to 386 as of the summer of 2009. In terms of passenger traffic, it's in the #4 spot in the United States – trailing Delta (NYSE: DAL), Southwest (NYSE: LUV) and American. With Q2 revenues off 25.2% year-over-year, however, drastic measures are still necessary.

Late Thursday, Moody's Investors Service announced that it might downgrade its credit ratings for Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV). In a statement, the ratings agency said the airline's Baa1 senior unsecured rating is at risk, due to the likelihood of weak demand trends persisting into 2010.

The downgrade warning comes shortly after LUV slashed airfares dramatically to remain competitive, with some one-way flights running as low as $30 during a recent promotion. "Even with the benefits of Southwest's advantageous cost structure, the current yield environment is likely to challenge Southwest to restore credit metrics to levels supportive of the current rating," said Moody's in a statement.

In addition to the fundamental concerns cited by Moody's, LUV is also facing some challenges on the charts. The stock has shed 52.8% during the past 52 weeks, and long-term resistance from its 10-month moving average looms directly overhead. This trendline hasn't been toppled on a monthly closing basis since September 2008.

Analyst upgrades:

• Citigroup upgraded Adtran (NASDAQ: ADTN) to Buy from Hold on expectations the company will benefit from the broadband Stimulus funds.
• Morgan Stanley upgraded Continental Airlines (NYSE: CAL) to Overweight from Equal Weight based on relative valuation and views the company as a "survivor." Additionally, the analyst lowered 2009 industry estimates but believes it is the last cut for the year and is incrementally more positive on the sector.
• Morgan Stanley also upgraded EXFO Electro-Optical (NASDAQ: EXFO) to Overweight from Market Weight based on valuation.
• Tata Motors (NYSE: TTM) was upgraded to Buy from Hold at Deutsche Bank.
• Ascent Solar (NASDAQ: ASTI) was upgraded to Neutral from Underweight at JP Morgan.
• Mechel Steel (NYSE: MTL) was upgraded to Neutral from Underperform at Credit Suisse.

Late Friday night, Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) reached a tentative agreement with the Transport Workers Union (TWU) Local 555, which represents 7,780 ground workers, including those employed in operations, on ramps, as well as freight workers. The deal comes after more than 13 months of negotiations.

The tentative deal, which has yet to be voted on by all TWU members, would run for three years, through June 30, 2011 (the current contract opened for changes on June 30 of last year).

Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) is spreading its wings to Boston's Logan International Airport beginning this fall, pleasing Red Sox fans (and New Kids on the Block stalkers). Previously, the closest LUV got to Beantown was Manchester, New Hampshire (about an hour's drive).

This latest announcement adds to the discount carrier's list of new destinations, which include Minneapolis (service beginning next month) and New York's LaGuardia (at which LUV will be taking over gates left vacant by bankrupt ATA Airlines).

Not too long ago Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) used fuel hedging to lock in a $2.19 average per gallon fuel price with its providers. Betting that prices were going to rise, they took a gamble and agreed to pay a set price for a large amount of fuel for their operating costs.

This isn't the first time an airline has done this. But if the cost of fuel had gone down, Southwest would have been sitting on an obligation to pay for fuel at a higher than market price. Fortunately for Southwest, the bet cashed in, and so did Southwest. The Airline company was able to buy fuel at a rate cheap enough to keep its costs lower than rival companies. Southwest reported this week that it increased revenue by 11%, earning $321 million, or 44 cents a share.

But Southwest's fuel hedging earning the company $511 million. When that sweet deal ends, Southwest will be facing fuel costs almost double what they've been paying over this last year. As a nod to that Southwest is slowing growth.

Despite the worries about the upcoming adjustments, Southwest has continued its canny ability to stay nimble and profitable. This is the company's 69th straight profitable quarter.

There are many ironies in the fact that President George W. Bush will throw the first pitch at Major League Baseball's All-Star Game in New York. For one, President Bush is the first managing general partner of a Major League team (the Texas Rangers) to become President of the United States.

President Franklin Roosevelt was the first to attend an All-Star Game and throw out the first pitch, starting the tradition. He too had to deal with a poor economy and by the time he threw out that first ball the groundwork was being laid for World War II. President Bush has had to contend with his own war.

While there are differing views as to whether we should have gone into Iraq and whether we should stay or get out, this will always be viewed as George's war, fair or not. And the state of our economy in 2008 will also be viewed as George's economy, fair or not.

The ultimate irony for me is that Yankee Stadium is scheduled to be torn apart at the end of the season. This is YANKEE Stadium and the last president to set foot in it will be George W. Bush. The stadium with the greatest heritage in baseball, the 'House That Ruth Built', is going to be torn apart while our economy is also being torn apart. It is being torn out at its roots.

Although its stock is down 45% since the beginning of 2001, Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV) is the only airline to make a profit every year since it was founded. As The New York Times reports, Southwest's founder Herb Kelleher retired as chairman after 37 years this week. And he got a very warm send off from employees.

This is really one of the keys to Southwest's success. As I wrote in Value Leadership, here are some big reasons that it's been able to profit over the years:

• Treats employees well. Southwest genuinely cares about its employees. It spends a significant amount of time selecting them and it pays them well -- including giving them stock options and profit sharing -- and treats them with respect. The happy employees treat customers well and the happy customers keep coming back.
• More productive. Southwest turns planes around at the gate in 20 minutes. It doesn't serve meals -- just snacks. This cuts time that might be spent waiting for food to arrive at the plane and cleaning up after. And since employees care about the company and are rewarded for Southwest's profitability, they look for ways to keep it profitable.
• Hedging on fuel costs. Southwest hedges jet fuel -- which is the second biggest airline cost. 70% of its fuel is hedged at $51 a barrel which compares favorably to the current $135.

Two years after coming out of bankruptcy, ATA airlines has once again been forced to file for chapter 11. The airline canceled all flights, and has advised travelers to start to look for alternative travel arrangements.

The airline operated roughly 50 flights a day, and had more than 2,200 employees working. On its website, ATA has issued a formal statement and blamed the final straw for its collapse on the loss of a key military contract. In 2006, the company had won a $335 million dollar contract from the U.S. Air Force for international airlift services.

In its statement, ATA has advised passengers to contact their credit card company, or travel agent to discuss the options to get refunded for their unused tickets.

I have had some clients ask me, what industry I think will benefit from the $600 rebate checks that are due to be sent out as part of the U.S. economic stimulus package. I think airlines will benefit, especially lower cost carriers like Southwest (NYSE: LUV) and Jet Blue (NASDAQ: JBLU).

The USA Today has an article about the kind of vacation you can have for $600. The article says: "With most Americans expecting to receive a tax rebate of up to $600 ($1,200 for married couples), there are plenty of ways to get the most vacation for your buck, say travel experts. Whether it's a cruise, a tropical paradise, or family travel, these trips can all be done for under $600 a person."

Because we aren't talking about flying around the world or across the Atlantic for that measure, trips to Las Vegas or Orlando, for example, will fit the family, and of course people need a way to get to these destinations, so that's how the airlines become interesting. Throw into the mix potentially stable or even lower fuel costs, and for investors looking for a way to play the "Rebate check" game, you may want to take a look at the airlines.

Aaron Katsman is the lead Portfolio Manager and Managing Director of America Israel Investment Associates, LLC. and Senior Editor of IsraelNewsletter.com. DISCLOSURE: Writer's fund has no position in any stock mentioned, as of 4/2/08

For anyone who has plans to fly on American Airlines, AMR Corp (NYSE: AMR) or Delta (NYSE: DAL) today, you may want to call ahead and verify that your flights are still taking off as planned, as both airlines are canceling hundreds of scheduled flights today.

Both carriers are grounding a large number of flights as they continue to hold inspections on wiring bundles on some of their planes. For American, the company is planning to ground 132 of its flights today, while Delta is canceling 275 flights.

The Federal Aviation Administration is in the middle of a massive inspection project, in which it stated that it will be inspecting 10 safety orders (also known as airworthiness directives) at every single major airline by March 28. This comes after a scandal broke out over missed inspections at Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV) earlier this year.

At some point last year did you find yourself stuck in a noisy, overcrowded airport terminal for hours on end waiting for your flight to take off? If so, you were by no means alone. According to the Transportation Department, last year was the second worst year in history for delayed domestic flights.

Splitting my time between America and Europe, I find myself on a lot of airplanes during the year, and luckily I only had one sizable delay on my domestic connections. While I found it rather irritating at the time, looking back on it I feel lucky that it happened only once. That is far better than the national average, which showed that 26% of all domestic flights were delayed during the year.

Granted, national averages have only been recorded going back to 1995, but last year ranked as the second worst year on record, with 2000 coming in slightly worse with 27.4% of flights seeing delays.

What reasons are we given for the excessive flight delays?

Today's news that Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV) will slow its planned growth in 2008 marks the second time this year that the low-cost carrier has reined in expansion as it struggles with high fuel costs. "We are concerned about growing evidence of slowing economic growth that would inevitably affect passenger demand, coupled with a surge in energy prices," Chief Executive Gary C. Kelly said in a statement.

Clearly the airline industry is challenged by high fuel costs and the prospect for slower domestic growth that would make it harder for no-frills carriers to fill their planes. As Douglas McIntyre pointed out, the saving grace for Southwest is that it has a long-term hedge on fuel prices and is buying fuel at a crude oil cost of about $51 a barrel.

What can airlines do to get profitable during this expensive fuel, slower-growth period? Well, charging customers a bit more so they can have a soda on the plane is probably not the right answer -- all it really does is make the airlines look incredibly cheap. The price airlines charge makes a drink at Yankee Stadium look cheap. How many of us have been on a plane and everyone is snickering and making comments to the person seated next to them about how they can't believe they need to pay for a Coke (NYSE: KO).

I think that airlines, like any business, need to show consumers that they are valued. Charging for a drink has the opposite effect. For an interesting take on airline improvements, read this post by Steve Towers.

Aaron Katsman is the lead Portfolio Manager and Managing Director of America Israel Investment Associates, LLC. and Senior Editor of IsraelNewsletter.com. Disclosure: Writer has no position in any stock mentioned as of 12/04/07.

You have to hand it to Herb Kelleher, the famous CEO of Southwest Airlines (NYSE:LUV). He is retired now, and his legacy was to make the airline the best low-cost provider in the US. But he also did something else that was just as important. He bought hedges against higher oil prices.

According to The New York Times "Southwest owns long-term contracts to buy most of its fuel through 2009 for what it would cost if oil were $51 a barrel. The value of those hedges soared as oil raced above $90 a barrel, and they are now worth more than $2 billion."

While other airlines struggle with the damage that $90 oil will do to their bottom lines, Southwest will have a huge advantage in terms of its cost base for at least two years. That should increase the value of the company compared to almost every other US airline.

Kelleher will now be remembered as more than just a clever cost-cutting and marketing executive.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com

If you're a woman of a certain age (that age at which you decide you never wish to pose for Playboy), you may be at the altar of All That Is Good and True praying that Kyla Ebbert's 15 minutes of fame would be up already!

If you're anyone else, you're probably clicking over to Playboy.com right now to see her sexy lingerie-clad shots (there's also a video of Kyla wearing nothing but a barely-long-enough cowl-neck shirt walking down a hotel hallway). You are probably thinking one of two things: (1) this is the first time that terrible fashion sense actually paid; or (2) Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV) is very, very smart.

This is the first time I can remember that some awful PR for an airline ended up paying off for both the airline and the wronged passenger, prolonging not only Kyla Ebbert's 15 minutes but also Southwest's own.

When Ebbert first was escorted off a Southwest plane for her skimpy attire (and, after begging and adjusting her tank top and skirt, allowed back on), she said she was humiliated. It was a few months later before she decided to tell someone about it; probably urged by her boyfriend, hoping to go from ordinary schlep to Boyfriend of Playboy Model. Suddenly: everyone was buzzing. It looked bad for Southwest -- very bad.

But like the Teflon Don of airlines, Southwest bounced back, apologizing to Kyla and offering a skimpy fare sale in her honor. Southwest did not get her permission to use her name in its advertising. It did not affect Southwest's prospects in the slightest.

Now Southwest is memorialized as the launchpad for the fake-blonde-who-could turn 15 minutes into too long; and it's not lost a bit of its edgy, sexy cache. Bravo, Southwest, for turning mud into smutty gold.