According to the Sunday New York Times, conglomerates are back. Companies like ITT Corp. (NYSE: ITT) and Textron Inc. (NYSE: TXT) are trading near multi-year highs. William Holstein writes:
To some extent, the new conglomerates have simply become lucky. They are riding a global infrastructure spending boom for airports and airlines, power systems, waste water and environmental projects, and hospitals and health care systems, not to mention record government spending on military projects and security surveillance. Their ability to assemble product offerings from different industries is a source of strength, they say.
While I'd be extremely skeptical if someone referred to the recent strength of conglomerates as some sort of new paradigm, it really may be different this time. The conglomerate boom of the 1960s and 1970s ended in disaster for many of the high-fliers, but changes have been made. Private equity firms have employed a conglomerate-like model to generate huge returns for their investors, and smarter management and more competent deal-making is leading to better-crafted hodgepodges of divergent businesses.
Honeywell International (NYSE: HON) CEO David Cote is also quoted in the Times piece: "When you look back at the history, the companies were put together without any real integration. They were really just holding companies. They didn't try to do anything to make the businesses better."
The old-time model of hyping the stock of a conglomerate and using it to acquire companies at a lower price/earnings multiple is no longer in vogue, mercifully.
For an interesting, although not entirely enjoyable, look at the history of the conglomerate business model, pick up a copy of The Rise and Fall of the Conglomerate Kings by Robert Sobel.