Analyst upgrades:

• Baird upgraded Nike (NYSE: NKE) to Outperform from Neutral on expectations the company will benefit from the drop in the U.S. dollar and continued solid trends in athletic footwear. The firm raised its target on shares to $69 from $61.
  
• Deutsche Bank upgraded Temple-Inland (NYSE: TIN) to Buy from Hold as it believes the company is well positioned for cyclical turnaround in the Paper/Building Products space. The firm raised its target on shares to $19 from $11.
  
• Goldman upgraded Diageo (NYSE: DEO) to Buy from Neutral to reflect the current valuation and the company's exposure to emerging markets.
• Deutsche Bank (NYSE: DB) was upgraded to Hold from Sell at ING Group.
  
• Banco Santander (NYSE: STD) was lifted to Buy from Hold at Deutsche Bank.
  
• Jackson Hewitt (NYSE: JTX) was upgraded at Oppenheimer to Outperform from Perform.

AMR Corp (NYSE: AMR) closed at $5.20. WTI Crude oil is recently up 1.57% to $67.16 according to Bloomberg. AMR July and November option implied volatility of 94 is below its 26-week average of 115, according to Track Data, suggesting decreasing price movement.

UAL Corp (NASDAQ: UAUA) closed at $5.29. UAUA July option implied volatility is at 102, December is at 111; below its 26-week average of 128, according to Track Data, suggesting decreasing price movement.

Option Update is provided by Stock Specialist Paul Foster of theflyonthewall.com

I remember Toronto during SARS. As one of the harder hit areas, it was not a happy place. It was the end of winter, but that miserable, cold winter just didn't want to end. People walked the streets in a gloomy haze, afraid to take the subway and giving dirty looks to anyone brazen enough to cough in public. Worse, I couldn't even visit a friend in the hospital. All things considered though, in global pandemic terms, it was over relatively quickly. Let's hope swine flu will be the same.

In the meantime, let's put on our investors hats and see what's in store for some stocks:

Travel and tourist stocks
This is one of the worst hit areas, especially airlines, as people may cancel their travel plans. For example, AMR Corp. (NYSE: AMR) traded over 9 percent lower an hour after the open. Royal Caribbean Cruises (NYSE: RCL) was down over 15 percent. In fact UBS downgraded these airlines and hotels this morning: AMR, Continental Airlines (NYSE: CAL), Host Hotels and Resorts (NYSE: HST), Lasalle Hotel Properties (NYSE: LHO), Marriott (NYSE: MAR), United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA), US Airways (NYSE: LCC). Carnival Cruise Lines (NYSE: CCL) also declined considerably. Best to stay away from the sector.

AMR Corp. (NYSE: AMR), the parent of American Airlines, reported earnings for the first quarter on Wednesday. Revenues decreased 15%, and on an adjusted basis, the company lost $1.30 per share. According to this source, the market was calling for a loss of $1.62 per share. Since management was able to beat by such a wide margin, Wall Street decided to reward the stock by bidding it up over 20% (that's how the shares were trading at the time I started this article).

Airlines are still having a problem with the economy. Consumers aren't traveling as much, businesses are cutting back on sending executives across country. Indeed, I'm sure the summer months are going to see a lot of vacation plans being eliminated as people decide to stay closer to home.

According to the Associated Press, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) believes that world airlines will lose $4.7 billion this year. A loss of this size is more than world airlines saw following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The industry group attributes the losses to "the rapid deterioration of the global economic conditions."

This revision basically doubles the earlier forecast from December, causing the CEO of the IATA, Giovanni Bisignani, to note that "The state of the airline industry today is grim ... Demand has deteriorated much more rapidly with the economic slowdown than could have been anticipated even a few months ago." The IATA predicts revenues will drop by $62 billion to $467 billion, a 12% decline.

Analyst upgrades:

• Citigroup upgraded Blue Nile (NASDAQ: NILE) shares to Buy from Hold on valuation following the recent sell-off as they believe weakening fundamentals have been factored into estimates and that Blue Nile should benefit from the recent softening of diamond prices. The firm raised its target price to $30 from $20.
  
• Baird upgraded AmSurg (NASDAQ: AMSG) to Outperform from Neutral based on valuation, potential upside from in-line results, good visibility, and FCF yield.
  
• Oppenheimer upgraded DryShips (NASDAQ: DRYS) to Perform from Underperform on valuation following the recent weakness and believes the company is at least halfway through its $500M equity offering.
• UAL Corp (NASDAQ: UAUA) was raised to Buy from Neutral at Banc of America/Merrill.
  
• Mylan (NASDAQ: MYL) was upgraded to Overweight from Equal Weight at Barclays.
  
• Exxon Mobil (NYSE: XOM) was lifted at Deutsche Bank to Buy from Hold.

Singapore Airlines is one of the most successful carriers in the world. Because of the size of its home company, most of its flights are international. Several large U.S. airlines, including AMR (NYSE:AMR) and UAL (NASDAQ:UAUA) rely heavily on their overseas routes for large amounts of their profits. The yield-per-passenger is often better on flights going outside the U.S. than those within American borders.

Singapore Air is grounding a number of its planes as demand for international travel collapses. According to the AP, "The carrier said it will reduce capacity by 11 percent between April and March 2010 from the previous twelve months and decommission 17 aircraft after air cargo shipments fell 20 percent recently." Flying cargo is a separate profit center for a number of large airlines. As sales in that business drop, it compounds losses brought on by falling passenger travel.

Since Singapore Air's cuts are scheduled to go into 2010, the carrier clearly believes that there will not be a short-term rise in air travel.

U.S. carrier stocks have rebounded some from summer lows because of the drop in jet fuel prices. That should help their P&Ls. But if Singapore Air is a canary in the coal mine, the advantage of cheaper fuel may only help the industry so far.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 24/7 Wall St.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Advanced Micro Devices Inc. (NYSE: AMD) reported dismal Q4 results due to lower demand.
• AMR Corp. (NYSE: AMR) reported a bigger-than-expected Q4 loss, sending shares lower.
• Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. (NASDAQ: CHKP) earnings prospects led to an upgrade.
• eBay Inc. (NASDAQ: EBAY) posted Q4 and full-year results with increased revenue due to a stronger dollar.
• Google Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOG) reported strong Q4 numbers that beat analysts' expectations.
• International Business Machines Corp. (NYSE: IBM) reported better-than-expected Q4 and 2008 earnings.
• Lockheed Martin Corp. (NYSE: LMT) posted strong Q4 results but lowered its 2009 guidance.
• Northern Trust Corp. (NASDAQ: NTRS) shares surged after posting better-than-expected earnings.
• Regions Financial Corp. (NYSE: RF) reported a huge loss due to write-downs and offered a bleak outlook.
• Societe Generale said that it expects to have broken even in the final quarter of 2008.
• Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) posted its second straight quarterly loss due to fuel hedging costs.
• UAL Corp. (NASDAQ: UAUA) reported a huge loss on the erosion in value of oil hedges as prices dropped.
• Usana Health Sciences Inc. (NASDAQ: USNA) posted record Q4 results despite one-time charges.

For more highlights from this week, see Apple, Microsoft, GE, Johnson & Johnson, Harley Davidson and others

As an investor, I really despise the airline sector at the moment. These companies are notorious for being poorly run cash-losing machines.

Now, in the midst of a deep recession and too many airplanes flying too few customers, airline stocks can be expected to be poor performers in the short run and maybe longer.

I made the sector part of my Top 10 Stocks to Avoid in 2009. The main thesis, aside from the obvious recessionary issues, was that oil prices would resume their climb at some point in 2009.

Specifically, I suggested investors avoid Delta Airlines (NYSE: DAL) and United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA).

Higher oil prices directly impact the bottom line of the air carriers. The higher oil goes, the more difficult it is for the airlines to make a profit. This summer, with oil prices hitting $150 per barrel, the future of the group was in peril.

That said, the reality of higher prices caused the group to make some necessary changes that included mergers, reduced capacity and important surcharges. The operating environment had the potential to bring much needed discipline to the carriers.

Unfortunately, higher fuel prices did not last long enough to bring enduring change to the group. As prices fell, airline stocks rallied. It was looking good until the economy tanked.

With the recession, oil prices suddenly mattered less. Instead, the focus was on the consumer and business traveler cutting expenses during a contraction.

The airline sector loses if the economy rallies, as such a state brings higher oil prices and lower profit. If the economy stalls, the sector loses customers and revenues fall to unsustainable levels.

The point is that it is no-win situation for the group.

IBM (NYSE: IBM), the tech bellwether, reported quarterly results Tuesday after the close, surprising analyst with a 12% rise in profit. It also forecast 2009 earnings of at least $9.20 a share, compared to analyst expectations around $8.70 a share. Shares were up about 3.9% in premarket trading.

BHP Biliton (NYSE: BHP), the largest mining company in the world, said it would lay off 6% of its global workforce or 6,000 workers as a result of production cuts. Around 550 of them will be in the U.S. Shares declined nearly a percent in premarket trading.

Ericsson (NASDAQ: ERIC), the Swedish telecom equipment maker, announced a 31% profit drop and a 23% surge in sales. It also said it would cut 5,000 jobs in the attempt to save $1.2 billion in costs in 2009. Shares gained nearly 13.5% in premarket trading.

Many companies are due to report results on Wednesday: AMR Corp. (NYSE: AMR), UAL Corp. (NASDAQ: UAUA), BlackRock (NYSE: BLK) and Coach Inc. (NYSE: COH) and after the close, Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) and eBay Inc. (NASDAQ: EBAY).

Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) said it expects to earn $1.06 to $1.35 per share on sales from $9 billion to $10 billion in the first quarter, but analysts seem to expect more, estimating income of $1.39 per share on $9.74 billion in revenue, according to Thomson Reuters. Meanwhile, U.S. regulators are examining Apple's disclosures about Jobs' health problems to ensure investors weren't misled, according to Bloomberg sources. Shares gained about 1.3% in premarket trading.

I think it's fair to say that there's much trepidation about the earnings season that picks up steam this week. And for better or worse, numbers from the big financials have begun to roll in. Last week we saw profit sink for JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) and significant losses from Bank of American Corp. (NYSE: BAC), Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C), and Deutsche Bank (NYSE: DB).

Analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters expect Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (NYSE: BK) to be among those financials reporting fourth-quarter earnings growth this week. They anticipate that Bank of New York will post a profit of $0.70 per share, compared to $0.67 per share a year ago and $0.72 in the previous quarter. Revenue is expected come to $3.8 billion, about the same as it was a year ago. Bank of New York has fallen short of earnings estimates in two of the past five quarters, by as much as 11.1%. For the full year, analysts are looking for $2.78 per share (+5.8%) on $14.8 billion (+4.2%). The consensus recommendation of analysts is to buy BK, and the long-term EPS growth rate forecast is 10.7%. Shares are 48.7% lower than a year ago. Other financials expected to report quarterly earnings growth this week include SunTrust Banks Inc. (NYSE: STI) and M&T Bank Corp. (NYSE: MTB).

Analyst upgrades:

• Calyon upgraded major network carriers based on falling oil prices and capacity cuts. The analyst is positive over the next 12 months but cautious short-term given the uncertain economy, and volatile markets and oil prices. AMR Corp (NYSE: AMR) and Delta Air (NYSE: DAL) were upgraded to Add from Neutral and UAL Corp (NASDAQ: UAUA) was raised to Neutral from Reduce.
• Ryanair (NASDAQ: RYAAY) was upgraded at Citigroup to Buy from Hold.
• Boardwalk Pipeline (NYSE: BWP) was raised to Buy from Hold at Deutsche Bank.
• Cowen lifted Biogen Idec (NASDAQ: BIIB) to Outperform from Neutral.
• JP Morgan upgraded Choice Hotels (NYSE: CHH) to Neutral from Underweight following the better-than-expected Q3 report.
• Oppenheimer upgraded shares of Integra LifeSciences (NASDAQ: IART) to Outperform from Perform on valuation, the company's minimal exposure to economic conditions, and expectations for margin improvement and a rebound in organic growth.

Analyst downgrades:

• Sherwin-Williams (NYSE: SHW) and AerCap Holdings (NYSE: AER) were downgraded to Neutral from Overweight at JP Morgan.
• UBS downgraded Embarq (NYSE: EQ) to Neutral from Buy following the CenturyTel (NYSE: CTL) merger announcement.

U.S. stock futures once again were lower this morning, albeit more moderately, pointing to another lower start and possibly another down day following Wednesday's declines. Investors concern over the economy remained unabated, especially in light of recent and future corporate profits. This morning, weekly initial jobless claims will be released an hour ahead of the opening bell, and the numbers are expected to show yet another increase. Meanwhile, investors will continue to eye oil prices, which rebounded from a 16-month low to above $67, and foreclosures, which grew by 71% in the third quarter compared with the same period in 2007.

Sony Corp. (NYSE: SNE) drastically lowered profit and sales forecasts for the fiscal year Thursday, blaming weaker electronics sales and the stronger yen.

Goldman Sachs Group Inc (NYSE: GS) is joining many other companies recently announcing layoffs as it also plans to cut about 3,260 jobs, representing about 10% of its total staff.

Amazon.com Inc. (NASDAQ: AMZN) reported a 48% climb in profit in the third quarter on strong sales of electronics, beating analyst estimates. But the company reduced its full-year profit outlook. AMZN shares traded down 14% in after-hours action.

Wall Street's optimism in last week's preview about the earnings of tech stocks wasn't misplaced, as there were many more positive surprises than negative ones among the stocks we looked at. This week will bring plenty more data for investors in and watchers of the sector to mull over. Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL), AT&T Inc. (NYSE: T), and Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ: MSFT), for example, are expected by analysts surveyed by Thomson Financial to post modest earnings gains from a year ago, to $1.11 per share (on $8.1 billion in sales), $0.72 per share (on $31.3 billion in sales), and $0.47 per share (on $14.8 billion in sales) respectively. All three of these companies ended the week closer to their 52-week lows than highs, and analysts on average consider them each a buy.

Here's a look at some of the week's biggest expected earnings gainers and decliners in the sector:

• Baidu.com Inc. (NASDAQ: BIDU): $1.25 per share (+44.0%) on revenues of $134.7 million (+103.2%)
• Broadcom Corp. (NASDAQ: BRCM): $0.44 per share (+38.6%) on revenues of $1.3 billion (+33.8%)
• QLogic Corp. (NASDAQ: QLGC): $0.31 per share (+29.0%) on revenues of $170.0 million (+21.2%)
• FLIR Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: FLIR): $0.32 per share (+28.1%) on revenues of $275.2 million (+44.0%)
• Juniper Networks Inc. (NASDAQ: JNPR): $0.30 per share (+26.7%) on revenues of $927.4 million (+26.2%)
• Waters Corp. (NYSE: WAT): $0.75 per share (+17.3%) on revenues of $391.6 million (+11.1%)
• Flextronics International Ltd. (NASDAQ: FLEX): $0.29 per share (+17.2%) on revenues of $8.7 billion (+57.3%)
• EMC Corp. (NYSE: EMC): $0.19 per share (+10.5%) on revenues of $3.7 billion (+12.9%)

Airlines that act like hedge funds may get burned. That is not a terribly good message to take to shareholders, but United (NASDAQ: UAUA) will have to explain how it lost more than $500 million by betting wrong on the price of oil. It may get some of that back if oil's move reverses itself, but it may not.

According to The Wall Street Journal, "United Airlines said its fuel hedges are underwater by $544 million." Simply stated, the airline believed that prices would go up, and they went down.

The news raises the question of whether airlines should be allowed to hedge at all. It may improve their costs of fuel, but it also could cause losses on top of the ones they are suffering because of jet fuel prices and falling traffic.

United would say that being in the business of gambling on oil prices is good business. Hedges can offset fuel costs. But, the airline has proved that the system is hardly fool-proof.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.