American Airlines had yet another difficult quarter, not unexpected in what has become an incredibly deep travel slump. The carrier's parent company, AMR Corp. (NYSE: AMR), reported a third quarter loss of $359 million, largely because there aren't as many business travelers taking to the skies. Corporate travel budgets in all industries are having an effect on all airlines, including AMR.

Revenue plunged 20.2% year-over-year for the third quarter for the nation's second airline. The loss comes after a $31 million gain last year. This quarter's losses would have been slightly better if write-downs for sold or grounded aircraft were excluded -- the loss would have been $265 million (93 cents a share) on revenue of $5.09 billion. With the write-downs, revenue clocked in at $5.13 billion. Cheaper fuel made the quarter a little easier for AMR to bear, as well, with this expense down 47% year-over-year.

Republic Airways Holding Inc. (NASDAQ: RJET) is going shopping. Only a day after making an offer for ailing Frontier Airlines (OTC: FRNTQ), it has made a bid to nab Midwest Airlines from private equity firm TPG Capital. The offer consists of $6 million in cash and a note for another $25 million. If the private equity house takes the deal, Republic will get 100% of Midwest's equity and TPG's secured note of $31 million.

The $25 million in debt is convertible to RJET stock at $10 a share, which gives TPG a bit more upside from the transaction. The seller would also have the right to nominate a member of the buyer's board of directors.

Of course, Republic's CEO, Bryan Bedford, is upbeat about the prospect of buying Midwest Airways, saying it will "enhance the strategic positioning" of his company. Like the proposed acquisition of Frontier, Midwest would continue to operate under its own name, though the target's Boeing 717s would be replaced with Embraer 190s.

After the airline went through bankruptcy twice, turnaround expert George Putnam now sees improving long-term prospects for US Airways (NYSE: LCC).

In his The Turnaround Letter, the advisor suggests, "When travel does begin to pick up again, US Air with its lean cost structure should profit handsomely." Here's his review.

"US Airways began in 1939 as All-American Airways delivering mail to Western Pennsylvania and the Ohio Valley; from there it grew through acquisitions to be a major national airline.

A consequence of a weakening airline sector is the pain it will cause plane-maker Boeing (NYSE: BA). With capacity tightening, the need for aircrafts is diminishing.

Imagine planes just sitting idle in the desert. That vision is becoming a reality.

Fortunately for investors, that vision will take time to play out. In the meantime, Boeing gets a free pass as they work through years of order backlog that built up during the last business cycle.

If you take a look at Boeing during the last few months, it is clear that investors have yet to catch on to a world of lower revenues going forward.

The airline industry is a mess and shares of the major airlines are to be avoided at all costs. With an economy that is ailing and fuel hedges gone awry, the sector is once again facing the prospect of steep losses.

Tuesday, we learned how bad it can get for the group. Delta Air Lines (NYSE: DAL) reported a quarterly loss of $1.4 billion, or a whopping $2.11 per share. The company blamed merger costs and bad fuel hedges for the big loss.

As an investor, I really despise the airline sector at the moment. These companies are notorious for being poorly run cash-losing machines.

Now, in the midst of a deep recession and too many airplanes flying too few customers, airline stocks can be expected to be poor performers in the short run and maybe longer.

I made the sector part of my Top 10 Stocks to Avoid in 2009. The main thesis, aside from the obvious recessionary issues, was that oil prices would resume their climb at some point in 2009.

Specifically, I suggested investors avoid Delta Airlines (NYSE: DAL) and United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA).

Higher oil prices directly impact the bottom line of the air carriers. The higher oil goes, the more difficult it is for the airlines to make a profit. This summer, with oil prices hitting $150 per barrel, the future of the group was in peril.

That said, the reality of higher prices caused the group to make some necessary changes that included mergers, reduced capacity and important surcharges. The operating environment had the potential to bring much needed discipline to the carriers.

Unfortunately, higher fuel prices did not last long enough to bring enduring change to the group. As prices fell, airline stocks rallied. It was looking good until the economy tanked.

With the recession, oil prices suddenly mattered less. Instead, the focus was on the consumer and business traveler cutting expenses during a contraction.

The airline sector loses if the economy rallies, as such a state brings higher oil prices and lower profit. If the economy stalls, the sector loses customers and revenues fall to unsustainable levels.

The point is that it is no-win situation for the group.

This post is part of a special annual report -- Top Stock Picks '09 -- in which TheStockAdvisors.com asked 75 leading newsletter advisors to select their favorite investment for the new year.

"Airline stocks are looking good now; the airlines should benefit greatly from the big drop in crude oil, as lower crude means lower fuel costs for their operations," notes breakout specialist Leo Fasciocco.

In his Ticker Tape Digest, he looks at Allegiant Travel Co. (NASDAQ: ALGT), a "niche travel airline providing nonstop flights from 53 small cities to large vacation destinations such as Las Vegas and Orlando."

The advisor explains, "The Las Vegas-based company has annual revenues of $483 million. The company also has fixed-fee deals with Harrah's Entertainment to fly certain prespecified routes. The firm's fleet is composed solely of McDonnell Douglas MD-80 aircraft.

"ALGT recently broke clear of a seven-week flat base. Its price pattern of the past few weeks has been a zig-zag with a bias to the upside. The current base is a bit choppy. However, the technicals are extremely bullish. ALGT's push to a new high is very bullish and could bring in more buying.

Even with some modest recovery in airline stocks, it may be too early to celebrate. The worst may not be over for the industry.

The International Air Transport Association says that global losses for airlines could top $6.1 billion this year. The Wall Street Journal quotes ATA Chief Executive and Managing Director Giovanni Bisignani as saying, "We are bracing for more situations of airlines collapsing" amid higher fuel prices and lower revenue.

The slowdown is apparently moving to Asia, a major destination for many large US and EU airlines.

United (NASDAQ: UAUA) is a good example of a US airline that many thought would be on the rebound. New fear of rising oil prices has spoiled that a bit. After falling from a 52-week high of $51.60, shares crashed to $2.80. They have recently made a minor recovery to $12.40. But, in the last two days, UAUA shares have been off sharply.

Oil is still just below $120. Even at that level, down from $143, airlines face huge increases in fuel prices over last year. A modest disruption in oil supply could send prices back up again.

The market sees US airline stocks as having potential for big returns. But, with the price of oil making a potential bottom, the carriers are still in too much trouble to have a real recovery. Buying shares in the companies still offers more risk than reward. The industry may still have operators that have valuations heading toward zero.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.

"If there's one sector that stands to benefit handsomely from a further slide in oil or, at least, a moderation in crude's rally: the airlines," explains energy sector expert Elliott Gue.

In The Energy Strategist, he says, "Airlines may make a terrible long-term investment but can be an outstanding short-term trade." Here he looks at Delta Air Lines (NYSE: DAL) and, for the even more speculatively-inclined, US Airways (NYSE: LCC).

"Some investors will rightfully cringe from any mention of this sector; after all, the airlines have consistently lost money throughout their post-deregulation history.

"Most of the majors have declared bankruptcy on multiple occasions since that time. However, we've traded the airlines on a few occasions; we took some triple-digit percentage gains in the airlines back in 2005.

"The airlines' leverage to oil prices is well known. Expectations are so low, in fact, that several major air carriers actually managed to beat consensus expectations in the second quarter.

"And although sentiment is already at rock-bottom, there's a real basis for cautious optimism. First, if I'm right about oil, fuel costs won't rise appreciably in the third quarter. This huge headwind is dissipating.

"The Dreamliner is set to become the most significant new product to hit the airline industry in decades," says Horacio Marquez.

The contributing editor and emerging markets specialist with The Money Map Report states, "Of course, the company that's making the dream machine is Boeing (NYSE: BA), which is consider as compelling an investment as I have ever seen."

"In the world of manufacturing, there's nothing more powerful than a technological leap and right now there's something similar going on in the commercial airplane market.

"Airlines are facing some stiff demands. First, passenger traffic and cargo loads are projected to soar, as are the number of long range flights. Yet soaring oil costs are pressuring carriers to cut back on fuel. Second, carriers are also being pressured to slash carbon emissions and to achieve quieter takeoffs and landings, especially as metropolitan areas become even more congested.

"For jet manufacturers, designing a commercial jet that can do these two critical things is no less a technological miracle than the cell phone was 15 years ago. And Boeing is on the verge of making it happen.

Reading the paper everyday means seeing a headline that another airline merger is in the offing. The most recent wave of articles is on a United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA) merger with US Air (NYSE: LCC). It is yet another example of two carriers hoping that they can get together and save costs, without alienating customers in the process.

According to The Wall Street Journal, "The companies have identified more than $1.5 billion in potential cost savings and revenue enhancements from joining forces." The word "potential" is the key.

Airline employees who are in unions have a good chance of shutting down a merged airline if they think they will loss a ton of jobs. Pilots, flight attendants, and mechanics all have plenty of leverage. A combination of United and US Air would have almost $10 billion in revenue a quarter. It would not take a very long strike to eat through $1.5 billion of that.

The number of pending mergers is also almost certain to get some of them canceled by The Justice Department. Members of Congress who have employees on airline payrolls are also likely to take a position. Today, the US has at least five major carriers. If Delta (NYSE: DAL) and Northwest (NYSE: NWA) get married, that cuts consumer choice down by a lot.

Don't count on a United hook up with US Air. It is not likely to happen.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com and author of the Ten Stocks Under $10 letter.

In a recent post, Luck of the Irish, we cited the favorable tax treatment in Ireland (among the lowest of all industrialized countries) as a key competitive advantage for Irish companies competing on a global basis.

Continuing that theme, Nick Lanyi suggests, "Genesis Lease Ltd. (NYSE: GLS) is an Irish-based aircraft-leasing company that is benefiting from a global boom in demand for commercial airplanes -- even as the U.S. economy slows."

The editor of High-Yield International states, "Airlines increasingly lease a portion of their aircraft fleet, rather than owning them." Here's look at a company with a double-digit dividend yield that is benefiting from this trend.

"Airplanes are very expensive, and they need to be replaced every few years. Especially for smaller airlines, it makes more financial sense to pay a regular monthly fee as part of a long-term lease than to shell out the money to buy an airplane.

"In addition, the leasing company is responsible for maintaining the plane -- relieving the airline of the need to recruit, retain and pay for a maintenance staff. Also, demand for air travel fluctuates over time, and leases give airlines more ability to limit excess capacity.

"Aircraft leasing is in a strong long-term growth trend. There are currently about 18,000 commercial aircraft operating worldwide, and that number is expected to double over the next 20-25 years. Why? Because China, India, Brazil, Russia and other emerging markets are growing so rapidly. As economies expand, so does airline traffic.

For 25 years, Steven Halpern, editor of TheStockAdvisors.com, has surveyed the leading financial newsletter advisors asking for their favorite stocks for the coming year. This article is one of 100+ ideas in the Best Stocks for 2008 report.

"Although high oil prices and a weak US dollar are hurting some vacation areas, these trends are also creating enormous opportunities; indeed, Mexico is a country where the dollar still gets you a fistful of pesos and a plane ticket doesn't cost as much as an oil well," says Frida Ghitis, contributing editor for Global Investing.

"Aeropuertos del Sureste (NYSE: ASR), known as ASUR, operates nine airports," explains Ghitis. "Want to visit Mexico's Caribbean coast, luxury resorts, and nearby Mayan ruins? Unless you go by sea, chances are that you'll have to stop by one of ASUR's airports.

"One of its airports is the newly expanded Cancun facility, which saw almost ten million passengers last year. Every passenger pays airport fees, and every dollar spent on food, drinks, or gifts at the airport adds to the bottom line.

"Most of the airports are in the Southeast of the country, but the company also runs the facilities in the key tourist destinations of Oaxaca and Huatulco on the Pacific. Altogether, some 13 million passengers traveled through the company's airports last year.

As regular readers may have observed I am one to mull things over a while before offering up a slice of investment opinion pie. A few weeks ago Barron's (subscription required) ran a cover story titled "Open Skies" discussing the imminent deregulation of trans-Atlantic air routes.

In this context they reviewed the potential for airline mergers, (something I have written about before in Why no airline mergers? Finally the answer...) and they commented on who the winners and losers might be. The article highlights the fact that there has been a 30 year agreement in place, "the Bermuda airline agreement" that limited Heathrow-U.S. air traffic to just four airlines: two British and two U.S. Other foreign airlines were barred flying to the U.S. except from their own nation's airports.

Under terms of a new agreement cast last April U.S and European Union airlines departing 27 nations will be able to fly direct routes. Barron's does a fairly thorough analysis in my view of the potential success among various airlines and those that may come up short.

"There are several ways to play the airline industry without buying the airlines themselves." explains Benjamin Shepard, a research editor for Personal Finance. Here, he looks seven stocks that are poised to profit as the sector "gets its wings again."

Hexcel Corp. (NYSE: HXL), he notes, is the largest producer of woven carbon-fiber sheets, which are extremely important for both Boeing's new 787 Dreamliner, as well as for the new Airbus A380. He rates thes tock a buy up to 25.

Aircastle (NYSE: AYR) and Genesis Lease (NYSE: GLS) are both aircraft leasing companies and publicly traded partnerships, and both are holdings in the Personal Finance model portfolio. He notes, "As airlines continue their recovery and passenger volume rises, older planes must be replaced and new planes added to the fleets."

Both partnerships, he notes, are based in Ireland and lease to both passenger airlines and cargo companies around the world. He says, ""Aircastle and Genesis are excellent bets on the continued growth of air travel and pay dividends of around 6% and 8%, respectively."