Who is Paolo Pellegrini? Pellegrini is a Rome-born analyst who helped hedge fund operator John Paulson make tons of money in the subprime crash of 2007-2008.

It was Pellegrini who led the number crunching on mortgages and home prices and came to the conclusion that housing prices were about to collapse. Paulson's hedge fund took advantage of this data and proceeded to make $3.5 billion on his trades.

The market has been leaving the doubters behind for the last nine weeks. If there is no pullback based on the bear market theories (that do make some sense), then all those folks who thought this push upward was phony are going to be sorry -- and poorer!

Bad news, modest earnings and even losses have not brought down the overall market. Low expectations for growth going forward, and the bankruptcies of major U.S. corporations only cause a short pause. Corporate scandals, shamed corporate executives and excesses have not shaken the market. Even multi-billion dollar con artists might make the headlines but they do not rattle anyone's nerves any more unless of course they had placed money in their slimy hands.

Over the course of the last year we have witnessed the dramatic collapse of the largest commercial bank in the world, Citigroup (NYSE: C), the largest thrift in the world; Washington Mutual; the largest insurance company in the world; American International Group (NYSE: AIG) and the largest automobile company in the world, General Motors (NYSE: GM) -- all U.S. based.

The great debate: Have we reached bottom in the financial crisis, or is there more to come? It's a multi-million dollar question.

Reuters conducted a poll on April 21-27 to get feedback form analysts across Europe and the US. The sobering conclusion was that the recession could last a year or two more. Most said that the worst is yet to come. Their findings stated: "Financial and macroeconomic stability are still some way off and we don't yet have the foundation for a solid recovery."

It is not possible to know what level is the right level to enter the stock market and various analysts, gurus, journalists and economists have been weighing in this week as the market closed at a one month high, with some folks even becoming downright optimistic.

I might add that the true level we have reached is one of amusement to me because we all are trying to call the market bottom. I myself have entered the fray trashing Nostradamus along the way. This is as much hope, as fact, and folks are looking for clues everywhere.

Some are looking at historical precedent for clues. Technical analysts are combing their charts for patterns of market behavior. The uptrend has to be sponsored to some degree by short covering and momentum traders too.

Positive news was reported by Wells Fargo (NYSE: WFC) which said on Thursday, April 9 that it expects to post a record first-quarter profit of $3 billion, up about 50 percent from a year earlier, due to better-than-expected performance from Wachovia (acquired in December) and a strong performance in mortgage lending. This was all it took to send the market higher even before anyone has actually sifted through the quarterly report for themselves -- not due out until April 22.

I am not surprised that the market is up and I have been putting cash to work for the past six months; but not all at once; not without recognizing that I might be early; and not without a plan. This has included buying WFC most recently at $12.00 and selling naked puts at strike prices of $7.50, $9.00 and $12.00. My most recent post on the subject from last month was Chasing Value: The safest bank in the U.S. -- Wells Fargo.

If you have missed the recent market pop do not fret and do not chase it because it could change direction as many have called this a bear market rally.

What might be most prudent at this point, if you believe that the volatility will continue and the stock market will not see true lasting improvement for a while, is to segment the money you want to put back to work into four or five tranches and invest on a regular basis dollar cost averaging back in over time.

Sheldon Liber is the CEO of a small private investment company and the principal for design and research at an architecture & planning firm. He writes the columns Chasing Value and Serious Money. Disclosure: I own shares of WFC and I have open options.

As I've said before, bear market rallies can be devastating to the short sellers because just as it looks like the market is turning lower, a piece of positive news occurs at a time when the market is most oversold and the shorts run for cover.

This usually drives the market higher with a dramatic explosion of buying, but just as the shorts exhaust their panic buying, the market turns down and eventually buries any new bulls as it dives to its former low.

I confess to being surprised by the extent of the current rally, even after many times warning that bear-market rallies tend to be sudden, violent affairs.

Nevertheless, the facts point to the dramatic advance of the past 10 days (the best seven-day rally since 1939) as still nothing more than a rebound following a sell-off that took prices to a level that had to be attacked by bargain hunters and patient investors alike.

Now, however, the easy part is behind them.

On Thursday, the S&P 500 closed above the 20-day moving average at 745.10 for the first time since Feb. 9. And it closed above the resistance line drawn from the November low at 741.02 for the first time since Feb. 13.

Volume for each of the days of higher prices increased to more than 1.8 billion shares on the NYSE, and that is a higher-than-average volume for any month this year (1.6 billion average). But volume has been picking up since the breakdown on Feb. 27, at S&P 500 740, when more than 2 billion shares traded.

With a reflex rally now under way, the question is: How far can it go?

On Thursday, the S&P 500 closed above the 20-day moving average at 745.10 for the first time since Feb. 9. And it closed above the resistance line drawn from the November low at 741.02 for the first time since Feb. 13.

Volume for each of the days of higher prices increased to more than 1.8 billion shares on the NYSE, and that is a higher-than-average volume for any month this year (1.6 billion average). But volume has been picking up since the breakdown on Feb. 27 at S&P 740 when more than 2 billion shares traded.

With a reflex rally now underway, the question is: "How far can it go?"

Tuesday's 6.4% rally on the S&P 500 was the best single day in almost four months. And an internal indicator, the NYSE A/D ratio, registered its highest number since Oct. 13, at 12.75.

Also, volume was above the average volume of the past three months and was more than 40% over Monday's volume on the NYSE.

Most analysts attributed the rally not only to very oversold readings, but primarily to the announcement of profits by Citigroup (NYSE: C) for both January and February.

But if that's the case, why then didn't the market follow through yesterday afternoon when JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) said that it too scored profits in those months?

Today, I want to examine what others are thinking about this market.

I read Peter Brimelow's refreshing column, and on Monday he summarized the prognostications of some of the popular letter writers:

"Astrology oriented Crawford Perspectives ... up 50.75% last year, said, 'There are evidences that our whole system is melting down, and that could certainly disturb the normal cyclic flow. We believe that will NOT happen All At Once or Right Now! Even a drowning man gets a last breath or two before going down for the count.'"

Despite the Dow breaking to new lows, there were a number of positive signs on Friday that could indicate that a bear market rally is just about to get underway.

As pointed out by our friends at Dorsey Wright, the Nasdaq has remained above its November low of 1,295, and the S&P 500 is also just above its November low of 741. And Dorsey said its NYSE Bullish Percent took a big hit on Friday, falling 5.6% to 26.4%. But this is well above the November lows of 8% and they said it is "exactly what we want to see in a re-test with individual stocks holding up better than the indices."

Talk to the stock market's bulls and they argue the Dow is forming a bottom at / near 8,000.

Talk to the bears and they say you're dreaming, if you think the Dow has bottomed at 8,000.

What's the typical investor to do?

Let's do a condensed, cross-methodology analysis to see if we can arrive at an informed investment decision / conclusion.

Technical Indicators: Bearish.
Fundamental Indicators: Bearish.
Monetary Policy: Officials are doing everything they can to stimulate growth. Bullish.
Fiscal Policy: More fiscal stimulus should be on the way, in both the U.S. and aboard. Bullish.

Credit Markets: Recovering, but still strained, with still too much interbank distrust / fear. Bearish.

Geopolitical Risk: On average, it's about the same as it has been during the past 3-5 years. Neutral.

Conclusion: The view from here argues that the outlook for U.S. stocks / stock market is bearish at least for the next six months, and most likely for much of 2009. Further, if Dow 8,000 doesn't hold, the market could fall much more, particularly after 2009 earnings estimates are revised downward, as they are expected to be.

Oil declines by $30 from record highs. Other commodity prices moderate. The dollar rallies. The nation records better-than-expected GDP growth in Q2.

All are positive data points that suggest that the U.S. economy, while it's certainly not in the midst of robust growth, has not run totally into a ditch, either.

What do the latest economic data points mean for the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and U.S. stocks, in general, for the next six to nine months? Here's the bullish and bearish cases:

Bullish case: Technical analysts would cite the Dow's close above the 50-day moving average for three consecutive days, the fact that the Dow held support at the 11,000 level, and a series of higher closing highs and higher closing lows in the past two months.

Further, technical analysts would also cite the fact that the Dow has completed the volume-light June-July-August summer season (typically bearish for stocks) during a period of anemic growth (if the U.S. economy isn't already in a recession), without plunging to nerve-wracking lows. True, the Dow fell from about 12,400 in June to 11,000 in July, but technicians would cite the aforementioned positive technicals as an argument that a bottom is in place.

Bearish case: Technical analysts would cite the fact that the Dow, although above the 50-day moving average, nevertheless remains below the 200-day moving average -- the toughest moving average line to break in trading. Also, market 'up days' have lacked sustained buying strength as measured by the MACD Histogram.

Further, and equally important, Dow bears would say that although the Dow has risen from its 11,000 low, the roughly 600-point increase is still well within the range of a correction -- or in this case short-covering -- in a long-term bearish trend. In other words, the Dow's recent rise could be Pyrrhic or false -- a classic example of a 'dead cat bounce.'

Market Analysis: With all due respect to technical analysts and their indicators, the view here argues that investors/ traders should take their cue from the U.S. economy's fundamentals: specifically, corporate profits and job growth. Absent substantial, sustained gains in each, any Dow rally is viewed with skepticism.


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What's your view of the Dow? Is this stock market rally real? Or is it temporary? Let us know what you think.