Analyst upgrades:

• Goldman upgraded General Electric (NYSE: GE) to Buy from Neutral and raised its target to $15 from $13 citing reports that U.S. House Financial Services Chairman Barney Frank has indicated regulatory reform will not require a separation of GE Capital.
• Syntel (NASDAQ: SYNT) was upgraded to Market Perform from Underperform by Wells Fargo. The firm upgraded the stock following the company's much better than expected Q2 EPS.
• Canaccord upgraded USANA (NASDAQ: USNA) to Outperform from Market Perform citing the strong Q2 report and earnings momentum. The firm has a $40 target on the stock.
• Royal Caribbean (NYSE: RCL) was upgraded to Equal Weight from Underweight at Barclays.
• Equity Residential (NYSE: EQR) was upgraded to Market Perform from Underperform at FBR Capital.
• Tyco Electronics (NYSE: TEL) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at UBS.
• Yum! Brands (NYSE: YUM) was upgraded to Overweight from Equal Weight at Morgan Stanley.

Analyst upgrades:

• JPMorgan upgraded Franklin Resources (NYSE: BEN) to Overweight from Underweight to reflect performance and sales improvements, as well as benefits from the weakening U.S. dollar. The firm has a $94 target on the stock.
• Oppenheimer upgraded FormFactor (NASDAQ: FORM) to Outperform from Perform after channel checks indicated orders are recovering. The firm raised its target on shares to $30 from $22.
• KeyBanc upgraded Oshkosh (NYSE: OSK) to Buy from Hold citing the company's MRAP-ATV contract win, which they view as a "game changer." The firm has a $30 target on the stock.
• Novellus (NASDAQ: NVLS) was upgraded to Neutral from Underperform at Credit Suisse.
• Ternium (NYSE: TX) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at Goldman.
• Cathay General (NASDAQ: CATY) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at B. Riley.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: HQ Sustainable Maritime, Wyndham and Cathay General Bancorp were today's noteworthy initiations:

• Cowen views HQ Sustainable Maritime (NYSE: HQS) as undervalued and a future winner in the "green economics" game. The firm started shares with an Outperform rating.
  
• JP Morgan initiated Wyndham (NYSE: WYN) with an Overweight rating. The firm finds the valuation attractive given the company's fee-based business model and attractive international growth opportunities.
  
• B. Riley assumed Cathay General Bancorp (NASDAQ: CATY) with a Buy rating and $16 target and believes the company's valuation discount to peers is unwarranted.

OTHER INITIATIONS:

• BGC Parnters (NASDAQ: BGCP) was initiated at Deutsche Bank with a Buy rating and $13 target.
  
• Friedman Billings initiated Maiden Holdings (NASDAQ: MHLD) with an Outperform rating and $11.50 target.
  
• Sandler assumed CRM Holdings (NASDAQ: CRMH) with a Buy rating and $6.50 target.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: AU Optronics (AUO), RightNow Tech (RNOW), Alaska Air (ALK), Nordstrom (JWN), Gap (GPS) and Old Dominion Freight Line (ODFL) were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• HSBC upgraded AU Optronics (NYSE: AUO) to Overweight from Neutral following the company's Q2 results.

• Jefferies raised RightNow Technology (NASDAQ: RNOW) to Buy from Hold, believing low expectations have created a buying opportunity and that fundamentals remain intact.

• JP Morgan upgraded shares of Alaska Air (NYSE: ALK) to Overweight from Netural on valuation.

• Citigroup upgraded Nordstrom (NYSE: JWN) to Buy from Hold on valuation; they consider the recent pullback a buying opportunity.

• Citigroup upgraded Gap (NYSE: GPS) to Buy from Hold from valuation and expects for better execution and cost savings in 2008 under the new CEO.

• Credit Suise upgraded Old Dominion Freight Line (NASDAQ: ODFL) to Outperform from Neutral on valuation...

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Merriman upgraded MicroTune (NASDAQ: TUNE) to Buy from Neutral.

• Citirgroup raised Aeropostale (NYSE: ARO) to Hold from Sell.

• Merrill upgraded Cathay General (NASDAQ: CATY) to Neutral from Sell.

• The NYSE Euronext (NYSE: NYX) was upgraded to Neutral from Sell.

• Wachovia raised shares of Wendy's (NYSE: WEN) to Market Perform from Underperform.

Analyst summaries provided by TheFlyOnTheWall.com (subscription required).

MOST NOTEWORTHY: The environmental services sector, the machinery and capital goods sector and several bank holding companies were today's noteworthy initiations:

• Credit Suisse initiated shares of Allied Waste Industries Inc (NYSE: AW), Republic Services Inc (NYSE: RSG) and Waste Management Inc (NYSE: WMI) with Outperform ratings and a $16 target, $35 target and $45 target, respectively.
• Bernstein initiated the machinery and capital goods sector, initiating shares of Caterpillar Inc (NYSE: CAT) and Illinois Tool Works Inc (NYSE: ITW) with Outperform ratings and a $100 target and $68 target, respectively and Deere & Company (NYSE: DE), Eaton Corporation (NYSE: ETN), Ingersoll-Rand Company Ltd (NYSE: IR) and Parker-Hannifin Corporation (NYSE: PH) with Market Perform ratings.
• Sandler initiated shares of Preferred Bank Los Angeles CA (NASDAQ: PFBC) and UCBH Holdings, Inc (NASDAQ: UCBH) with Buy ratings and shares of Cathay General Bancorp (NASDAQ: CATY) and East West Bancorp, Inc (NASDAQ: EWBC) with Hold ratings.

OTHER INITIATIONS:

• Golfsmith International Holdings Inc (NASDAQ: GOLF) was initiated at Wedbush with a Buy rating and $8.75 target, as the firm believes the company is an attractive growth story and buyout candidate.
• Pharmasset Inc (NASDAQ: VRUS) was initiated with a Buy rating and $12 target at Banc of America, as the firm believes Clevudine has the potential to be best in class for the treatment of the hepatitis B virus.
• Ciena Corporation (NASDAQ: CIEN) was initiated with an Outperform rating and $40 target at Piper Jaffray.