Quarterly reports from Oracle (ORCL), Discover (DFS) and Tiffany (TIF) will highlight news on the earnings front this week.

Elsewhere on the economic calendar, the focus will be on housing, with existing home sales data due from the National Association of Realtors on Monday, new home sales numbers from the Census Bureau on Wednesday and data on housing starts released on Thursday.

Also watch for durable goods orders in February and the final GDP for the fourth quarter.

Analyst Upgrades

• Sapient (SAPE) to outperform from market perform at Wells Fargo.
• Kroger (KR) to buy from neutral at UBS.
• Harman (HAR) to overweight from neutral and Deutsche Bank (DB) to neutral from underweight at JPMorgan.
• Savient (SVNT) to outperform from market perform at JMP Securities.
• LabCorp (LH) to buy from hold at Deutsche Bank.
• Optimer Pharm (OPTR) and Landstar System (LSTR) to outperform from neutral at RW Baird.
• Essex Property Trust (ESS) to buy from neutral at Janney Capital.
• Tyson Foods (TSN) to neutral from sell at Goldman.
• Host Hotels (HST) to outperform from sector perform at RBC Capital.
• SPX Corp. (SPW) to outperform from market perform at FBR Capital.

I found a rather interesting article on Bloomberg, one discussing the potential of smartphones to replace credit cards. Supposedly, both AT&T (T), Verizon (VZ), and perhaps T-Mobile, may work with Discover Financial Services (DFS) and Barclays (BCS) in Atlanta and three other cities to test a system allowing consumers to pay with the "wave of a smartphone." This move would be the largest effort to attempt mobile payments in America and could serve to cut into credit card use.

Crone Consulting, a credit card consultant, noted that such a move could be a "game-changer" as far as credit cards are concerned. Think of how much such a move could cut into the market share for credit cards. According to the article, Visa (V) and MasterCard (MA) handled 82% of U.S. consumer spending a year ago (that is $2.45 trillion). Now imagine that smartphone users have the ability to simply pass their phone over a reader in order to pay for their purchases.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage on BloggingStocks:

• Alcatel-Lucent (ALU) received an analyst's downgrade following its disappointing earnings report and guidance.
• Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. (CBI) improved earnings prospects prompted one analyst to upgrade the stock.
• Cintas Corp. (CTAS) lower Q3 earnings topped analysts' expectations, and it reiterated its Q4 earnings guidance.
• CRA International Inc. (CRAI) received an analyst's downgrade following its earnings results for Q1.
• Discover Financial Services (DFS) reported a net loss for Q1 due to a needed boost to its loan loss reserves.

If FedEx can still be considered a bellwether for the U.S. economy, then judging by the expectations of analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters, things must be looking pretty bright. But then again, the expectations for this week's quarterly reports from Nike, GameStop, and Discover tell a different story.

Memphis-based FedEx Corp. (FDX), announced an increase in ground rates and also delivered two pandas from the U.S. to China with its new Boeing 777F during its fiscal third quarter. Earnings for that period are expected to have more than doubled from a year ago to $0.72 per share. And revenue for the three months that ended in February is expected to have risen 2.4% to $8.3 billion. Analysts so far expect sequential and year-over-year growth of EPS and revenue in the fourth quarter. FedEx only fell short of earnings estimates in one of the past five quarters.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage on BloggingStocks:

• Adobe Systems Inc. (ADBE) shares rose after lower Q4 earnings and revenue beat analysts' expectations.
• Best Buy Inc. (BBY) shares sold off despite better-than-expected Q3 results due to the lower gross margin.
• Charles Schwab Corp. (SCHW) warned that Q4 earnings would come in lower than the Street view
• Discover Financial Services (DFS) shares were up after it reported better-than-expected Q4 earnings.
• First Solar Inc. (FSLR) offered a solid 2010 outlook but the consensus EPS estimate is high in the range.
• General Mills Inc. (GIS) strong Q2 results included better-than-expected earnings and a rosy outlook.

Discover Financial Services (DFS - option chain) stock is trading lower today after the company reported earnings this morning, posting a fourth-quarter profit of $352.1 million, or 63 cents per share, beating analysts' forecasts of 19 cents per share. However, DFS also reported its credit card charge-off rate rose to 8.43 percent during the quarter, compared to 8.39 percent in the third quarter. If you think this stock won't be rising too far in the coming months, then it could be a good time to look at a bearish hedged play on DFS.

This morning, DFS opened at $16.35. So far today the stock has hit a high of $16.36 and a low of $14.76. As of 12:05, DFS is trading at $14.86, down $1.56 (-9.5%). The chart for DFS looks bullish and S&P gives DFS a positive 5 STARS (out of 5) strong buy ranking.

Here are some highlights from last week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Adobe Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: ADBE) just beat low Q3 earnings estimates but revenue also declined.
• Best Buy Co. Inc. (NYSE: BBY) earnings fell short of estimates but revenue was better than expected.
• Cracker Barrel Old Country Store Inc. (NASDAQ: CBRL) posted better-than-expected Q4 earnings.
• Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS) posted a surprise Q3 profit but shares rose slightly on the news.
• Dress Barn Inc. (NASDAQ: DBRN) reported modest growth in both net income and revenue in Q4.
• FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX) said that its Q1 earnings and revenue dropped but its cash flow has improved.

Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS), a credit card company that competes with Visa (NYSE: V), MasterCard (NYSE: MA), and American Express (NYSE: AXP), released earnings for the third quarter on Thursday. The company put analysts to shame by posting a profit instead of a loss according to an article from Reuters.

The projection was for a loss of 12 cents per share. Discover actually made 52 cents per share of profit, once you exclude monies received from an antitrust settlement. Wow, that's what you call being way off the mark! The disparity surprised me, so I went to our very own earnings preview to see what we were reporting for an estimate. Sure enough, it stated the exact same expectation for a loss of 12 cents.

Memphis-based package delivery giant FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX) is generally seen as an indicator of the state of commerce in the U.S. Last week, not only did the Fed's Beige Book report suggest that the economy had stabilized over the summer, with signs of recovery in some districts, But FedEx also boosted its earnings guidance due to stronger-than-expected volume in its international priority-delivery service. So a question going in to FedEx's fiscal first-quarter report this week is whether the company is still a bellwether.

For the three months that ended in August, when FedEx opened distribution hubs in Chicago and Toledo and declared a quarterly dividend, analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters are looking for it to report that earnings fell 60.2% from a year ago to $0.49 per share. That's also down 23.4% from the previous quarter, as well as less than the recently updated outlook. First quarter revenue is expected to be down 18.3% from a year ago to $8.2 billion.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Adobe Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: ADBE) Q2 earnings were in line with expectations but sales beat.
• Best Buy Inc. (NYSE: BBY) beat earnings estimates for Q1, but on horrible metrics, sending shares lower.
• Carnival Corp. (NYSE: CCL) lower Q2 earnings beat expectations and previous guidance, boosting shares.
• CarMax Inc. (NYSE: KMX) Q1 profit and sales dropped, but still beat expectations, sending shares higher.
• Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS) posted a smaller-than-expected Q2 net loss and shares rose.

On Tuesday, the Federal Reserve's FOMC holds two-day meeting on interest rates and will announce its decision on Wednesday. The Fed's Ben Bernanke will still be out and about this week, discussing the failure of Lehman Brothers later today, and ending up the week speaking at the Independent Community Bankers of America National Convention and Techworld.

Manufacturing will be in focus this week, starting with industrial production numbers for February and the Empire State Manufacturing Survey Diffusion Index for March scheduled to be released Monday morning. Tuesday morning will bring us the Producer Price Index for February, and Thursday morning comes the Philadelphia Fed Outlook Survey -- Diffusion Index Manufacturing for March.

How painful is spending money? Dan Ariely, who teaches behavioral economics at Duke University, has conducted a group of experiments dealing with how painful spending money really is. He asked people if, when they were dining out, they would prefer to pay with cash or by credit card. The overwhelming response was that they preferred to use the credit card.

He concluded that people feel that it's less painful to pay by credit card. He also suggests that people will spend more money with credit cards than with cash because credit card buying is less painful.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Adobe Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: ADBE) posted strong Q4 and full-year results, but with flat Q4 revenues.
• Best Buy Inc. (NYSE: BBY) beat Q3 expectations though earnings tumbled, and shares rose about 18%.
• Carnival Corp. (NYSE: CCL) announced that it had lowered its full-year earnings and revenue guidance.
• Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS) net income from continuing operations more than doubled in Q4.
• Eaton Corp. (NYSE: ETN) cut its Q4 earnings guidance on weakness in the American auto market.
• FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX) Q2 earnings topped expectations and it reaffirmed its guidance.
• General Electric Co. (NYSE: GE) declined to provide quarterly earnings guidance in its annual outlook.
• General Mills (NYSE: GIS) posted a higher-than-expected profit on cost cutting and increased marketing.
• Gilead Sciences Inc. (NASDAQ: GILD) strong earnings growth are expected by one analyst to continue.
• Goldman Sachs Group (NYSE: GS) swung to an anticipated Q4 loss and reported negative revenues.
• Healthcare Realty Trust Inc. (NYSE: HR) was downgraded due to its near-term earnings prospects.
• Honeywell International Inc. (NYSE: HON) affirmed a lower 2009 outlook and said it expects profits to fall.

With the increasingly regular announcements of layoffs and plant closings, it's clear that the recession is deepening. One clue to the economy's future direction that investors may be watching for is the upcoming earnings release of FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX). The world's largest delivery service has been considered an economic bellwether, and it just may have benefited recently from lower fuel prices and the announced departure of rival DHL from the U.S. package market.

For the company's fiscal second-quarter 2009 report, analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters on average expect to see earnings of $1.57 per share, about 2% higher than in the year-ago period, and 21.7% higher than in the previous quarter. That's about the same as the $1.58 per share FedEx forecast in preliminary results last week. Analysts expect revenues for the quarter ended November 30 to total $9.8 billion, 3.9% more than a year ago. The Memphis-based company has only fallen short of earnings expectations in one of the past five quarters, and exactly matched estimates back in the first quarter.

As part of its expansion plans, FedEx broke ground on a new Portland hub in October, and said that a new facility in China will be fully operational in the first half of 2009. The company continues to make service improvements, and declared a quarterly dividend in November. But in its preliminary results, FedEx lowered its full-year forecast, citing continued weakness in the economy.