Seven more banks failed late Friday, including institutions in Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Georgia, and three in Florida. The FDIC posted the liabilities it would assume and which banks would take on customers from the shutter institutions in detail on its website.

According to MarketWatch, "CreditSights, which tracks the dismal data, predicts that in the current cycle, from 2008 through 2011, as many as 1,100 banks will fail. That would wipe out 13.4% of all U.S. banks, representing 7% of U.S. banking assets."

Autumn has arrived and the quarter winds down this week. The Dow has been inching toward 10,000 for a while now, though it closed lower in the past three sessions. Can it make it to 10,000 for the start of the third quarter? If so, what will push it higher? If not, what will drag it down further?

• Monday is Yom Kippur, the most solemn of the Jewish holidays; trading likely will be lighter than usual. In the evening, the FDIC meets to discuss how to rebuild the Bank Deposit Insurance Fund.
• Tuesday, the Consumer Confidence Index for September is due and the SEC holds a public meeting to consider more short sale actions.

Earlier today, Colonial BancGroup (NYSE: CNB) fell nearly 12% to 41 cents per share before trading was halted pending a news announcement. As it turns out, the troubled bank is being taken into receivership by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC), while BB&T Corporation (NYSE: BBT) will acquire all of CNB's branches and deposits.

The announcement comes on the heels of a report in The Wall Street Journal (subscription required) that a federal judge has granted a temporary restraining order to freeze $1 billion of Colonial BancGroup's assets. The decision comes after Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) filed suit against CNB, seeking to protect its rights as trustee to $1 billion of loans received from Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE). U.S. District Judge Adalberto Jordan ruled in Bank of America's favor, citing his concern that Colonial "is on the brink of collapse."

Have you ever heard of the FDIC's Term Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP)? Most people haven't. Its been kept under the radar and it has turned out to be a real bonanza to banks issuing corporate debt.

How does it work? The program was started last November by the FDIC and guarantees the issuance of bank debt securities at much lower interest rates. In the second quarter alone eight of the largest issuers of corporate debt cut interest rated by $24 billion under the TLGP.

To do this they have chosen nine firms out of 100 that applied for the program. The guts of the program are that the government will partner with private companies to buy toxic assets.The Treasury supposedly did background checks to be sure that none of the firms chosen had any "conflicts of interest."

The second half of the calendar year has begun, and earnings return to the spotlight this week. As usual, Alcoa Inc. (NYSE: AA) is among the first of the S&P 500 to report quarterly results. For the second quarter in which Alcoa agreed to sell its wire harness and electrical distribution business and its fastening systems business expanded into Morocco, analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters expect the New York-based aluminum producer to report swinging to a net loss of $0.34 per share from a profit of $0.66 per share in the year-ago period. Second quarter revenue is expected to have fallen 48.3% to $3.9 billion. The full-year forecast is currently for a loss of $1.04 per share and revenue of $16.7 billion (-38.0%). Alcoa has missed expectations in the past three quarters, by as much as 17 cents per share. The long-term EPS growth forecast is 10.0%, which is better than the sector average. Alcoa slashed its dividend earlier this year, and the First Call consensus recommendation remains to hold AA. However, TheStreet.com recommends it as an against-the-grain pick. At $9.86, shares are down 12.4% since the beginning of the year, and recently have been bumping up against the 200-day moving average.

Remember the heyday of the housing boom when investors would "flip" properties? Speculators would put a down payment on a property, usually a new construction, and sell it before it was completed with a fat profit. But the "flippers" got bagged when the price of real estate started dropping. Many just walked away from their deposits and left developers holding the bag.

Why is this idea of flipping real estate important now? Well, it seems that private equity investors buying troubled banks will be prohibited from "flipping" the bank for at least three years. In addition, regulators are requiring purchasers to maintain a capital ratio of 15%, three times the ratio required of other banks.

What a way to go into the holiday weekend, eh? On Thursday, seven banks were shut down by authorities, which pushed the total of failed banks for 2009 to 52 -- which more than doubles the number of bank failures in 2008. Six of the seven banks seized were located in Illinois and the other was in Texas, according to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

According to the federal group, the Illinois failures are interlinked, as all six banks were controlled by one family and used a similar business model. The FDIC noted that this model "created concentrated exposure in each institution." This model left the banks heavily exposed to collateralized debt obligations and other loan losses. The six banks brings the total of failed banks in Illinois to 12.

As for the Texas bank failure, it was the first in the state this year.

On Thursday, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) is expected to propose new guidelines for private-equity investors seeking to buy failed banks. Those guidelines are intended to ensure that these largely unregulated firms don't take too many risks with troubled banks or buy and flip them.

The new rules come as private-equity firms have grown increasingly active in the banking sector. FDIC Chairman Sheila Bair said she's comfortable with the private-equity deals the agency has struck for failed banks such as IndyMac and BankUnited, but that a more structured process needs to be put in place.

What are the new changes in financial regulation? First and foremost, President Obama wants to expand the powers of the Federal Reserve to assume primary responsibility for averting an new financial crisis.

Secondly, he wants to create a "council of financial regulators" who would improve coordination among agencies. The council would discuss systemic risks, but the Fed could at alone without its approval.

The administration has decided not to consolidate regulatory agencies due to the political fallout involved.

• Profits for the bans are up.
• Bank stocks are surging.
• The U.S. government gave 10 banks permission to pay back $70 billion of TARP monies.
• Since January, banks have raised $200 billion and sold $75 billion in debt.
• Stress tests showed that 19 of the biggest banks needed only $75 billion to withstand a tougher than expected recession.
• In a press conference, U.S. Treasury Geithner said, "these are early signs of repair and improvement."

Not long ago, the private equity firm, Fortress Investment Group LLC (NYSE: FIG), appeared to be in deep trouble. But things are looking better now, as the stock price has gone from $1 to $4.65 this year.

In fact, Fortress is now pulling the trigger on some deals. Just this week, the firm teamed up with Crestview Partners LP and Lightyear Capital LLC to invest $450 million in First Southern Bancorp (Lightyear is operated by Donald Marron, who was the former chief of PaineWebber Group).

After the Memorial Day holiday in the United States, the earnings spotlight turns to Canadian banks: Bank of Montreal (NYSE: BMO), Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (NYSE: CM), Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY), and Toronto-Dominion Bank (NYSE: TD) are all scheduled to report their second-quarter results.

While banks north of the border of generally have held up better than their U.S. counterparts, analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters expect the four listed above to report that earnings declined between 20% and 30% since the same period of last year. All four have P/E ratios around 10, and they are paying dividends. Shares of all four have surged 50% to 83% in the past three months, but are still 26% to 38% lower than a year ago.