Out of every five hedge fund managers, one is prone to fibbing, according to research from NYU's Stern School of Business. This is likely to pour salt in the wound of an industry that's been in rough shape for the past year. And, it'll probably add a bit more pressure for transparency.

The NYU report uses data from 444 due diligence reports that investors commissioned from 2003 to 2008. The research team put the information against the test of reality to see where the differences are. The most common stretch of the truth was the amount of their own money the managers put into their hedge funds, fund performance and regulatory and legal histories. One fund inflated its assets under management by $300 million, while another wasn't up front about one of its partner's legal records (he had stolen a Chinese junk).

Bank of America (NYSE: BAC - option chain) shares are rising today on news that the hedge-fund firm Paulson & Co. bought 168 million shares of the stock, now worth $2.7 billion, during the second quarter, according to a regulatory filing. It was the firm's biggest purchase of the quarter, and investors appear to be reading the disclosure as a strong endorsement of the stock, especially since this firm was one of the few that saw the financial trouble coming. If you think that the stock won't fall by too much in the coming months, then now could be a good time to look at a bullish hedged trade on BAC.

BAC opened this morning at $16.66. So far today the stock has hit a low of $16.23 and a high of $16.77. As of 11:45, BAC is trading at $16.73 up 80 cents (5.0%). The chart for BAC looks neutral and S&P gives BAC a neutral 3 STARS (out of 5) hold ranking.

What began as a $6 million endeavor in 1996 is coming to a (partial) close. Atticus Capital is shuttering two of its three hedge funds and is returning $3 billion to shareholders. The move is strictly a personal one, according to CEO Timothy Barakett in a letter to investors. Atticus is slicing its flagship fund and a smaller one, but is keeping its European Fund, which has $1.2 billion under management.

Prevailing market conditions led Barakett to begin liquidating many of the Atticus Global portfolio's holdings, an effort he expects to be complete by the end of September. Investors can expect to receive around 95% of their money in early October, with the rest being disbursed after the fund's final audit later in the year.

Hedge fund manager Michael Regan has pleaded guilty to running a Ponzi scheme. Manager of the Massachusetts-based River Stream Fund, he admitted to defrauding around 70 investors. The fund held just shy of $20 million in assets ... despite the relatively meager $101,600 sitting in its accounts. The fund purported to return 20 percent a year since 2001, paying out $9 million in "profits" and returned capital.

For Citigroup (NYSE: C) to regain the confidence of Wall Street it will have to start doing a few things right. Firing 53,000 people probably does not qualify. After that news, Citi hit another 52-week low at $7.80, down from a 52-week high of $35.29.

More losses won't help. Some bank analysts believe that Citi's consumer credit portfolio and derivative assets will cause negative earnings right through 2009.

Now, the big bank gave investors another reason to turn their backs as it closed one more of its hedge funds, which lost 53% of its value in a month. Taking the value of assets down that much in such a short period probably requires as much skill as showing an increase of a similar size. In other words, it is extraordinary.

According to the FT, "Citigroup is liquidating its Corporate Special Opportunities hedge fund after it lost 53 per cent of its value last month, marking the ninth time in recent months that the bank has had to close or rescue a fund." At its peak, the fund had over $4 billion in assets.

The point in this is not only that Citi keeps making mistakes. In addition, the bank might as well fire its entire public relations and corporate communications staff. They are of no use to the firm as long as it keeps cutting its own throat in front of the press and shareholders. Dispensing with the PR group could be part of the big, planned layoff. No one would miss them

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 24/7 Wall St.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• Investors are taking their money out of hedge funds more now that at any time over the past 10 years, according to the Wall Street Journal. Firms are bracing for the end of June when the next big wave will hit.
• First it was a demand for management changes, and now shareholders, including one time director Eli Broad and fund managers Shelby Davis of Davis Selected Advisors and Bill Miller of Legg Mason Inc (NYSE: LM), are again upset with American International Group Inc (NYSE: AIG) and want changes in the boardroom as well, the Wall Street Journal reported.
• The Wall Street Journal reported that Citigroup Incorporated (NYSE: C) will close Old Lane Partners, a hedge fund co-founded by CEO Vikram Pandit.

OTHER PAPERS:

• Spotlight Capital is increasing pressure on Chico's FAS Inc (NYSE: CHS) and said it has been in touch with 25 major shareholders in order to oust CEO Scott Edmonds and unseat board member John Burden, who are accused of having a conflict of interest, the New York Post reported.

WEB SITES:

• Advanced Micro Devices Inc (NYSE: AMD) denied reports certain of its new dual-core chip, code-named Kuma, have been canceled, according to CNet. A spokesman for the company said that the launch of Kuma, scheduled for the second half of 2008, remains on track.

Ever wonder how hedge fund managers get to become hedge fund managers? It'd be pretty interesting to have $1 billion at your fingertips to try and make some loot.

Portfolio.com has an interesting article today entitled, "Digging Up Dirt on Fund Managers", which explores the people behind the computers in the hedge fund industry. Based upon a recent survey published by the Greenwich Roundtable and Quinnipiac University, researchers claim that almost 82% of investors in hedge funds have decided not to invest with a manager because of allegations of unethical behavior. (See my recent post about a leading hedge fund manager facing time.)

In an industry that is supposedly driven by hard, cold numbers and return on investment, it's interesting to see how when you get down to it, managing money is still built on trust. The same article quotes Steve McMenamin, executive director of the Greenwich Roundtable, a non-profit research group for investors in alternative assets, as saying, "These fund structures are based on trust. If there's even a hint of impropriety, investors tend to shy away."

Interesting findings indeed.

Zack Miller is the Managing Editor of IsraelNewsletter.com and a former equity analyst for a leading multinational hedge fund.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• According to sources, the Wall Street Journal reported that Countrywide Financial Corporation (NYSE: CFC) is under investigation for possible securities fraud. People close to the situation say the inquiry is in its early stages but it involves an inquiry into alleged misrepresentations of the company's financial position and the quality of its mortgage loans.
• The Financial Times reported that Credit Suisse Group (NYSE: CS) has teamed up with three leading academics to create products that will deal with the potentially lucrative hedge fund replication industry. The upcoming suite of products will attempt to mechanically replicate the returns of the major hedge fund strategies.

OTHER PAPERS:

• Rio Tinto Plc (NYSE: RTP) is expected to announce this week that its aluminum business is worth up to $20B more than current estimates, after a rise in aluminum prices; the UK Times reported that the statement could raise pressure on BHP Billiton Limited (NYSE: BHP) to increase its takeover bid for Rio.
• Asset manager Ameriprise Financial Inc (NYSE: AMP) is pairing up with MasterCard Incorporated (NYSE: MA), the Associated Press reported, to become a credit card lender for the first time, the two companies reportedly plan to announce today.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• The Wall Street Journal's "Heard on the Street" reported that VCG Special Opportunities Master Fund, a $58M asset hedge fund which is owned by an investment firm that also owns a Puerto Rican investment bank, is separately suing Citigroup Incorporated (NYSE: C) and Wachovia Corporation (NYSE: WB) for requiring it to pay money from "credit default swaps" as the value of mortgage backed bonds fell.

OTHER PAPERS:

• In an attempt to cut back its growth plans due to higher fuel costs, AirTran Holdings Inc (NYSE: AAI) CEO Bob Fornaro said the Orlando-based airline will sell two jets next month. The Orlando Sentinel reported that record fuel costs could also impact AirTran's negotiations with its pilots union.
• Fnac is in talks with Apple Inc (NASDAQ: AAPL) to sell the iPhone in France, Le Figaro reported. The head of PPR SA's Fnac Chain, Denis Olivennes, said France Telecom's (NYSE: FTE) exclusivity rights for the iPhone in France are "inadmissible."

WEB SITES:

• Bloomberg reported that the head of Dubai International Capital, Sameer al-Ansari, said that as losses increase from the subprime mortgage market turmoil, Citigroup may need additional capital from outside investors.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• The Wall Street Journal reported that the focus of reports of four deaths and 350 allergic reactions to Baxter International Inc's (NYSE: BAX) generic version of the blood thinner drug Heparin, and the ingredients supplied by a Chinese manufacturer, also includes Wisconsin-based Scientific Protein Laboratories, a co-owner of the Chinese manufacturing plant, and majority owned by American Capital Strategies Ltd (NASDAQ: ACAS), a Maryland buyout firm.
• Citigroup Incorporated (NYSE: C) has suspended investors at its CSO Partners hedge fund from withdrawing their money after they attempted to pull more than 30% of the fund's nearly $500M in assets, the Wall Street Journal reported.
• AT&T Inc (NYSE: T) is seeking more revenue from India as it tries to expand its consumer mobile phone operations outside the U.S, the Financial Times reported.

OTHER PAPERS:

• According to the New York Times, the FDA broke its own rules by approving for sale Baxter International's Heparin without first inspecting a Chinese plant where the drug's key ingredient is made.

Experienced fishermen know that sometimes the fishing is good -- and sometimes, it ain't.

Bloomberg reports on Mark Fishman, a famed bond trader previously with SAC Capital. His main fund, Sailfish Capital Partners LLC, has lost about half its assets since July because of soured investments and clients pulling money, according to two investors, cited in the article.

Fishman, 47, Sailfish's investment chief, left SAC in March 2005. After losing more than 12% in August, clients pulled about $400 million from Fishman's Multi-Strat fund this month alone, cutting assets to $980 million. Bloomberg cites increased mortgage defaults and credit markets seizing up as two reasons hampering performance at Sailfish.

I wrote recently about former Fed Chairman, Alan Greenspan, joining up with a leading hedge fund. Maybe Alan's looking to catch a few bond-trading fish to join him.

Zack Miller is the Managing Editor of IsraelNewsletter.com and a former equity analyst for a leading multinational hedge fund.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• Looking to enter the Japanese market, sources familiar with the matter said that Apple Inc (NASDAQ: AAPL) CEO Steve Jobs recently met with NTT DoCoMo Inc (NYSE: DCM) to discuss a deal to offer its iPhone, the Wall Street Journal reported.
• Nike Inc (NYSE: NKE) is in talks with Mike Ashley to try and persuade the entrepreneur to not block its £285M takeover offer for Umbro, the Financial Times reported.

OTHER PAPERS:

• The Detroit News reported that in an effort to cut costs, General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) is looking to form a deal with the United Auto Workers on a buyout program for veterans.

WEB SITES:

• According to two people familiar with the fund, The Goldman Sachs Group Inc (NYSE: GS) is looking to start Goldman Sachs Investment Partners, its newest stock hedge fund, with as much as $10B, Bloomberg reported.

Historically, when the Fed has started cutting rates, investing in financial stocks has proven profitable for investors. Will the same hold true in today's easing cycle? Probably not.

The Bear Stearns (NYSE: BSC) model for its mortgage business might point to problems ahead for the financial industry in general. The financial services industry has done an outstanding job during the past twenty years developing new products and marketing them to institutions who specialize in buying these new instruments -- primarily hedge funds. With mortgage hedge funds, publicly traded vehicles such as mortgage REITs and other investors now shutting their doors to these products, who gets stuck with them? You guessed it! The investment firms and large commercial banks.

Now let's go to $300 billion of private equity debt that needs to be placed. Who is buying that up? While some institutions are, much of it is staying on the books of the investment firms and banks. Will funds be formed to invest in this debt? Yes, but it will take time.

Sears Holdings Corp. (NASDAQ: SHLD) the hedge fund ... err, retail chain headed by hedge fund star Eddie Lampert, may see renewed pressure to sell off some it its valuable real estate soon. Notable activist investor William Ackman will see to it, as his fund, Pershing Square Capital Management, has acquired five million shares of the retailer. Mr. Ackman, who battled Lampert last year for control over Sears Canada, is set to have another celebrity deathmatch with him again soon, I'd suspect.

It's no surprise to anyone that Lampert's real mission with Sears Holdings is not the operational efficiency (or even profit) of the retail side of things; that's just a side mission probably talked about a few minutes at each board meeting. What Lampert did with Sears was to make it a holding company -- but the truth is, he owns so much of it that Ackman's potential advances may be akin to ascending a steep hill with slippery shoes on his feet. The New York Post even says that Ackman's buy-in was for "a long term investment" more than any moves to get Sears on the property-unloading trail.

Still, Ackman's purchase makes him the fourth-largest SHLD shareholder, and it's hard to imagine him wanting those shares for some kind of "long term investment" -- it just doesn't suit Ackman's profile at all. He's said before that the combined value of Sears' real estate is valued more than Lampert's $22 billion figure, and that difference provides a nice "cushion" should the retail end of things continue to falter. Sears' retail operations are going nowhere these days since there appears to be little direction to that end of the business. I submit that Ackman wants to break it all up and sell some real estate, Gekko-style. That, or he does not deserve the title 'activist investor.'