Analyst upgrades:

• Citigroup upgraded National Fuel (NYSE: NFG) to Hold from Sell to reflect better than expected drilling results for the company's Marcellus shale assets. Citi raised its target on shares to $43 from $42.
• Baird upgraded Netezza (NYSE: NZ) to Outperform from Neutral and raised its target to $14 from $7 based on the company's new product announcement and potential revenue acceleration.
• JPMorgan upgraded Liberty Interactive (NASDAQ: LINTA) to Overweight from Neutral. The firm finds the valuation attractive following Liberty's better than expected Q2 results and set a $13 price target on the stock.
• Marlin Business (NASDAQ: MRLN) was upgraded to Outperform from Market Perform at William Blair.
• Paychex (NASDAQ: PAYX) was upgraded to Sell from Conviction Sell at Goldman.
• Hewitt Associates (NYSE: HEW) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at UBS.

Analyst upgrades:

• Barclays believes Disney (NYSE: DIS) is the best positioned company for "media's digital evolution." The firm upgraded shares to Overweight from Underweight and has a $32 target on shares.
  
• Oppenheimer upgraded Semtech (NASDAQ: SMTC) to Outperform from Perform after channel checks indicated improved inventory levels, better product mix, and market share gains. The firm set a $20 target on the stock.
  
• RBC Capital expects Rigel's (NASDAQ: RIGL) R788 in RA to achieve its primary endpoint in the Phase II trials. Shares were upgraded to Sector Perform from Underperform and the price target was raised to $8 from $6.
• WebMD (NASDAQ: WBMD) was upgraded to Accumulate from Sell at ThinkEquity.
  
• International Game Tech (NYSE: IGT) was raised to Conviction Buy from Neutral at Goldman.
  
• Infineon (NYSE: IFX) was lifted at Banc of America/Merrill to Buy from Neutral.

Analyst upgrades:

• Baird upgraded Western Digital (NYSE: WDC) and Seagate (NASDAQ: NSTX) to Outperform from Neutral citing better than expected industry conditions. The firm believes supply has tightened, resulting in price increases in certain market segments.
  
• RBC Capital upgraded XTO Energy (NYSE: XTO) to Outperform from Sector Perform citing free cash flow and stable growth.
  
• Goldman upgraded Manpower (NYSE: MAN) to Neutral from Sell and raised its target to $29 from $20 based on balanced risk/reward.
• Energy Conversion (NASDAQ: ENER) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at Piper Jaffray.
  
• Infineon (NYSE: IFX) was raised to Hold from Sell at RBS.
  
• NetSuite (NYSE: N) was upgraded to Acummulate from Source of Funds at ThinkEquity.

Toyota Motor Corp. (NYSE: TM) slashed its earnings forecast again Monday, the second time in a few months. The Japanese carmaker is now projecting that it would report its first ever operating loss of 150 billion yen ($1.66 billion) for the fiscal year as global demand has declined, especially in the U.S., while the yen has surged. TM shares declined over 3% in premarket trade. TM traded 5% lower by midday trading.

American International Group, Inc. (NYSE: AIG) said Monday it sold its Hartford Steam Boiler (HSB) unit to Germany's Munich Re for $742 million, well below the $1.2 billion AIG paid to acquire HSB in 2000. HSB was one of AIG's most prized businesses. Munich Re will assume $76 million of outstanding capital securities. AIG shares jumped over 5.5% on the news in premarket trade. AIG shares were 4.3% higher by midday.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM) and Chrysler were approved $13.4 billion in bailout funds on Friday from the Bush Administration and another $3.29 billion from the Canadian and Ontario governments for their Canadian subsidiaries. Now, a hard part would be talks with the United Auto Workers union, which are supposed to start in January. Now doubt, they will ask for some tough concessions so that they could present cost cuts and qualify for a second round of loans in February. GM shares declined over 7% in premarket trade. GM shares tanked nearly 17% by midday trading.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM) and Ford Motor Co. (NYSE: F) soared about 19% each in Frankfurt as Congress is getting closer to approve a bailout for the Big 3 automakers. The White House and Democratic congressional leaders are narrowing their differences and could agree on a deal and bring to a vote soon. Both shares are trading 21% and 18% higher respectively in premarket (8:12 am). By midday, both automakers' stocks were up about 14%.

Other gainers in Frankfurt include oil and gas producers, commodity stocks and financials: Alcoa Inc. (NYSE: AA) jumped 10%, Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) shares rose 11% and Exxon Mobil (NYSE: XOM) gained about 5%. In premarket, AA shares are 6.4%, 5% and 2.4% higher (8:15 am). Commodities, industrials, financial and oil & gas stocks continued to gain well throughout the session with Alcoa up 14% by midday and BAC up 11%. XOM was only up 2.5% thought.

Tribune Co. may file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection as soon as this week, according to sources of The Wall Street Journal, as the newspaper industry worsens.

Hartford Financial (NYSE: HIG) shares are continuing their massive upward trend from Friday after the insurer raised its full-year operating profit forecast and said the capital outlook at its insurance units was strong. Shares are up 13.4% in premarket trading. HIG stock had simiilar gains by midday trading.

After shareholders had approved on Friday Bank of America's takeover of Merrill Lynch (NYSE: MER), Merrill's CEO John Thain has suggested to directors that he get a 2008 bonus of as much as $10 million. According to WSJ sources, the company's compensation committee is resisting his request.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Aeropostale Inc. (NYSE: ARO) strong Q3 results beat estimates despite the dismal retail environment.
• Alpha Natural Resources Inc. (NYSE: ANR) lowered its full-year forecast due to lower demand for coal.
• America's Car-Mart Inc. (NASDAQ: CRMT) reported higher Q2 earnings and higher same-store sales.
• Beazer Homes USA Inc. (NYSE: BZH) losses in Q4 more than tripled as revenue declined.
• Collective Brands Inc. (NYSE: PSS) Q3 profits were in line with estimates, enough to send shares higher.
• General Electric Co. (NYSE: GE) cut its Q4 earnings forecast, which now falls in line with estimates.
• Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (NYSE: GS) warned that it may see its first quarterly loss ever in Q4.
• Guess? Inc. (NYSE: GES) strong Q3 results beat estimates but offered a conservative outlook.
• Infineon Technologies AG (NYSE: IFX) posted a wider Q4 loss on restructuring and warned of further losses.
• Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) 2009 earnings are expected to be diluted by an acquisition.
• Marvell Technology Group Ltd. (NASDAQ: MRVL) reported strong Q3 numbers, sending shares higher.
• Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp. (NYSE: MRX) earnings prospects after a settlement led to an analyst's upgrade.
• Merck & Co. Inc. (NYSE: MRK) lowered its 2009 earnings guidance below analysts' expectations.
• Palm Inc. (NASDAQ: PALM) said that it expects Q2 revenues to come in below analysts' estimates.

Analyst upgrades:

• Oppenheimer upgraded Genzyme (NASDAQ: GENZ) to Outperform from Perform on expectations that upcoming regulatory events, mainly approvals of Mozobil and 2,000L Myozyme, will serve as positive catalysts.
  
• Ladenburg analyst Dick Bove raised Bank of New York (NYSE: BK) to Buy from Neutral as he now believes the Russian lawsuit is turning in the bank's favor and is no longer a significant risk.
  
• Societe Generale upgraded UBS (NYSE: UBS) to Buy from Hold on valuation and the company's deal with the Swiss government.
  
• Bed Bath & Beyond (NASDAQ :BBBY) was upgraded to Market Perform from Underperform at Friedman Billings.
  
• RC2 Corp (NASDAQ: RCRC) was lifted at Wachovia to Outperform from Market Perform.
  
• Cintas (NASDAQ: CTAS) was upgraded to Hold from Sell at Citigroup.

Analyst downgrades:

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM), Ford Motor Co. (NYSE: F) and Chrysler appealed to Congress for a bailout Tuesday. GM said it wouldn't last till New Year's without an immediate $4 billion and is asking for as much as $18 billion to keep afloat and survive. Together they asked for $34 billion. Meanwhile, November auto sales plunged 37% with Ford's U.S. sales declining 31%, GM's falling 41% and Chrysler LLC's dropping 47%. Overseas rivals didn't do better. GM shares traded 5.2% lower and F's 1.9% higher in pre-market (7:51 and 7:55 am respectively).

Research In Motion Ltd. (NASDAQ: RIMM) lowered its financial earnings per share, revenue and new subscriber accounts guidance for its third-quarter, saying it has added fewer new subscribers than expected as the economy slowed. This news will likely have an effect on Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) as well. RIMM shares already hit a low Tuesday following an estimate cut from JPMorgan. RIMM shares traded 5.6% lower in premarket action (7:58 am). AAPL shares were down 2% in premarket trade (8:09 am).

Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) could end up cutting 30,000 jobs as it absorbs Merrill Lynch (NYSE: MER), three times as many as previously estimated, sources told CNBC, as BAC's CEO is trying to increase cost cuts. The majority of the layoffs are likely to come from Merrill's side of the business. BAC shares were 3% lower in premarket trade (7:59 am).

Constellation Energy Group Inc. (NYSE: CEG) finds itself in the midst of a bidding war as Electricite de France SA, the world's biggest operator of atomic reactors and which owns 9.5%, offered to pay $4.5 billion for half of CEG's nuclear business to expand in the U.S. CEG agreed earlier this year to be bought by Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway Inc.'s MidAmerican Energy Holdings Co. for $4.7 billion. CEG shares gained over 25% in premarket trading (8:00 am).

Analyst upgrades:

• Merrill upgraded shares of AstraZeneca (NYSE: AZN) to Neutral from Underperform to reflect the company's pipeline momentum and lack of negative catalysts.
  
• Keefe Bruyette upgraded Deutsche Bank (NYSE: DB) to Outperform from Market Perform on valuation as they believe DB should trade at a higher multiple.
• Royal Dutch Shell (NYSE: RDS.A) was raised at HSBC to Overweight from Neutral.
• American International (NYSE: AIG) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral at UBS.

Analyst downgrades:

• Merrill cut Novo Nordisk (NYSE: NVO) to Underperform from Neutral as the firm sees better opportunities elsewhere in the sector.
  
• Merriman downgraded Rackable Systems (NASDAQ: RACK) to Neutral from Buy following the company's mixed Q2 results to reflect its customer concentration and fluctuating margins.
• Janus Capital (NYSE: JNS) was downgraded at JP Morgan to Underweight from Neutral.
  
• Fortress (NYSE: FIG) was cut to Sell from Hold at Citigroup.

Analyst initiations:

• UBS believes Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) has a competitive advantage and their checks indicate new Macs, new iPhone colors and potentially new iPods may come early on in the second half of 2008. The firm initiated shares with a Buy rating and $195 target. UBS also initiated Dell Inc. (NASDAQ: DELL) and Hewlett-Packard (NYSE: HPQ) at Neutral.
• KeyBanc initiated Bed Bath & Beyond (NASDAQ: BBBY) with an Underweight rating and $25 target based on slowing core growth at Bed Bath and likely margin erosion from the ramp in growth at Christmas Tree Shops and buybuy Baby.
• Infineon (NYSE: IFX) was initiated with a Buy rating at Deutsche Bank.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Weyerhaeuser, Infineon and Intuit were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Deutsche Bank downgraded shares of Weyerhaeuser (NYSE: WY) to Hold from Buy following the company's investor day, as they were disappointed that no REIT conversion will occur before 2010. Deutsche lowered their target price to $65 from $95.
  
• Citigroup assumed coverage of IFX (NYSE: IFX) and downgraded the stock to Hold from Buy on valuation following the recent rally.
  
• Merrill Lynch cut Intuit (NASDAQ: INTU) to Underperform from Neutral. The rating changes reflect Merrill's new rating system based on relative recommendations within the sector.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Morgan Stanley lowered ReneSola (NYSE: SOL) to Underweight from Equal Weight.
  
• RBC Capital downgraded Canadian Pacific (NYSE: CP) to Sector Perform from Outperform.
  
• Praxair (NYSE: PX) was downgraded at HSBC to Neutral from Overweight.

Texas Instruments (NYSE: TXN) shares are trading higher after Nokia (NYSE: NOK) reported that its single-chip plan is still on track despite Infineon (NYSE: IFX), a supplier for NOK, announcing yesterday that it is seeing some delays. TXN is supplying NOK with GSM single chips for its mobile handsets and may be called upon to pick up the slack during this delay. If you think that the stock won't fall by too much in the coming months, then now could be a good time to look at a bullish hedged trade on TXN.

After hitting a one-year high of $39.63 in July, the stock hit a one-year low of $27.51 in March. TXN opened this morning at $32.36. So far today the stock has hit a low of $32.32 and a high of $33.00. As of 1:17, TXN is trading at $32.73, up 0.24 (0.7%). The chart for TXN looks bullish and steady, while S&P gives the stock a neutral 3 STARS (out of 5) hold rating.

For a bullish hedged play on this stock, I would consider an October bull-put credit spread below the $27.50 range. A bull-put credit spread is an options position that combines the purchase and sale of put options to hedge risk in case the stock doesn't do what you think but still leverage nice returns. For this particular trade, we will make a 13.6% return in just five months as long as TXN is above $27.50 at October expiration. TXN would have to fall by more than 16% before we would start to lose money. Learn more about this type of trade here.

TXN hasn't been below $27.50 at all in the past year and has shown support around $32 recently. This trade could be risky if the company's earnings (due out in mid-July) disappoint, but even if that happens, this position could be protected by the support the stock might find around $28, where it found support over the past two months.

Brent Archer is an options analyst and writer at Investors Observer.

DISCLOSURE: Mr. Archer owns and/or controls diversified portfolios of long and short stock and option positions that may include holdings in companies he writes about. At publication time, Brent neither owns nor controls positions in TXN, NOK, or IFX.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Apple, Novartis and Infineon were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Morgan Keegan downgraded Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) to Underperform from Market Perform citing increased evidence of broad-based weakness in consumer technology spending in the U.S. and Europe. Additionally, the firm expects challenges in the company's education vertical due to state and local budget issues, which could lead to decelerating growth over the next 2-3 quarters.
  
• Bear Stearns downgraded Novartis(NYSE: NVS) to Peer Perform from Outperform following the acquisition of Alcon (NYSE: ACL), as they find the deal expensive.
  
• Credit Suisse cut Infineon (NYSE: IFX) to Neutral from Outperform to reflect weakness in the U.S. dollar.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• Goldman downgraded Wells Fargo (NYSE: WFC) and Zions Bancorp (ZION) to Neutral from Buy.
• Keefe Bruyette cut Washington Mutual (NYSE: WM) to Underperform from Market Perform.
  
• Baird downgraded Flowserve (NYSE: FLS) to Neutral from Outperform.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Infineon, Intel and AmerisourceBergen were today's noteworthy upgrades:

• ABN Amro upgraded Infineon Technologies (NYSE: IFX) to Buy from Hold as they expect the shares to outperform given the more stable currency environment and improving DRAM pricing.
  
• Thomas Weisel upgraded shares of Intel Corp. (NASDAQ: INTC) to Overweight from Market Weight citing checks that indicate above seasonal PC demand heading into 2008 driven by emerging markets.
  
• Banc of America upgraded shares of AmerisourceBergen Corp. (NYSE: ABC) to Buy from Neutral as they believe new contract wins for the company's largest PBM customer should help offset soft script volumes in the near-term.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Goldman added United Tech (NYSE: UTX) to its Conviction Buy List.
  
• The firm also upgraded Telecom Italia (NYSE: TI) to Neutral from Sell.
  
• JP Morgan upgraded Verint Systems (OTC: VRNT) to Neutral from Underperform.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Sierra Wireless, Navteq, Goldleaf Financial, Infineon and VeriSign were today's noteworthy downgrades:

• Piper downgraded shares of Sierra Wireless (NASDAQ: SWIR) to Market Perform from Outperform to reflect increasing competition for the company's core businesses and longer term margin concerns. Based on comments from Qualcomm (NASDAQ: QCOM), Piper believes the new Gobi embedded solution is gaining more traction than previously anticipated.
  
• The firm also downgraded Navteq (NYSE: NVT) to Market Perform from Outperform as they believe the Nokia (NYSE: NOK) acquisition will close.
  
• Credit Suisse lowered its rating on Goldleaf Financial (NASDAQ: GFSI) to Market Perform from Outperform following its weak Q3 report and guidance.
  
• ABN Amro downgraded shares of Infineon (NYSE: IFX) to Hold from Buy as they believe the strength of the euro will hurt margins.
  
• VeriSign (NASDAQ: VRSN) was downgraded to Hold from Buy at Hambrecht to reflect the uncertainty surrounding the company's numerous divestitures as well as the execution risk.

OTHER DOWNGRADES:

• JP Morgan removed Pilgrim's Pride (NYSE: PPC) from its Focus List.
  
• Bear Stearns downgraded European Pharmaceuticals to Market Weight from Market Overweight.
  
• Wachovia downgraded AmeriGas Partners (NYSE: APU), Exelon (NYSE: EXC) and FPL Group (NYSE: FPL) to Market Perform from Outperform.

MOST NOTEWORTHY: Merck, the European semiconductor sector, Thornburg Mortgage and Prudential were today's notable upgrades:

• Merck & Co Inc (NYSE: MRK) was upgraded to Buy from Neutral by Bank of America, which believes the company's sales momentum will continue.
• The European semiconductor sector, which includes Infineon Technologies AG (NYSE: IFX) was upgraded to Positive from Neutral by Lehman Brothers, as they believe a recovery is under way in the industry. The firm upgraded Infineon to Equal Weight from Underweight.
• Thornburg Mortgage Inc (NYSE: TMA) was upgraded to Market Perform from Underperform at Piper, as they see limited liquidity risks, given the strong quality of the company's mortgage assets.
  
• Prudential Financial Inc (NYSE: PRU) was upgraded to Outperform from Neutral by Friedman Billings, which cited valuation and the quality of the company's investment portfolio.

OTHER UPGRADES:

• Citigroup assumed coverage of General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) with a Buy from a Sell.
  
• Nucor Corporation (NYSE: NUE) was added to the Focus List at Friedman Billings.
  
• Lehman Brothers upgraded Unilever plc (NYSE: UL) to Equal Weight from Underweight.
  
• Cincinnati Bell Inc (NYSE: CBB) was added to the Focus List at JMP Securities.