According to a report released yesterday, U.S. mortgage fraud reports increased 36% last year. According to the FBI, suspicious activity reports increased to 63,713 during fiscal 2008 from 46,717 a year ago.

California and Florida had the highest number of suspicious reports, which some attribute to the fact that the housing market has dropped and credit has dried up in those regions.

According to the agency, reports filed through March put fraud reports on track to top 70,000 during the current fiscal year ... not a good sign.

On Wednesday, federal investigators filed mortgage and accounting fraud charges against Beazer Homes USA (NYSE: BZH). The homebuilder will be able to escape prosecution because it agreed to pay $50 million to victims and to accept responsibility for its improper actions.

Beazer found itself charged thanks to its participation in a scheme designed to fraudulently increase its profits and sell homes. Reportedly, the company also participated in an accounting scheme that was designed to "smooth earnings." Thanks to these schemes, homebuyers defaulted on their loans and some neighborhoods saw home values plummet thanks to loan defaults. State and federal investigators have scrutinized Beazer since March 2007, finding that the company's "aggressive sales tactics" contributed to an "unusually high foreclosure rate in many of its local starter-home communities."

How does the consumer feel about the economy? In a word, lousy. The Conference Board, an industry group, reported that consumer confidence dropped to 49.3 in June, from a reading of 54.8 in May. Economists had expected it to be 55.

Here's another piece of bad news. Only 17.4% of consumers felt that more jobs would appear in the coming months, also down from 19.3% in May.

Early estimates of a contraction in the U.K. economy were not enough. First quarter 2009 estimates were revisited, showing a 2.4% fall in gross domestic product from the last quarter of 2008 to 2009. This downward revision made the first three months of the year the worst since people wore skinny ties, hated communism, and bore nicknames like "Buzz."

In the second quarter of 1958, U.K. GDP plummeted 2.6%, though the 2.4% threshold matches the depths hit in 1979. The original 2009 Q1 estimate was -1.9%, according to the Office for National Statistics in London.

As the housing market continues to find its footing, one welcome trend for potential home buyers has been falling home prices. The main consequence of the troubled housing market has been a sharp increase in home inventories, and this has led to a massive drop in home prices, and we see news today that home prices are the most affordable that they have been in the past 18 years.

The Housing Opportunity Index tracks home prices, and it reported that during the first three months of this year, 72.5% of homes for sale fell within the affordability range, up from 60% during the last quarter of 2008. This sharp jump is another testament to just how quickly home prices have eroded over the past few months.

Late Tuesday, Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) reported that its quarterly net loss checked in at $9.9 billion thanks to rising delinquencies. The company also blamed the results on continued impairments on its holdings of mortgage-backed securities. On a per share basis, FRE's quarterly loss increased to $3.14 a share, compared to $151 million a year ago, or 66 cents a share. The mortgage lender's total revenue dropped to $771 million from $1.41 billion a year ago.

FRE put aside $8.8 billion in provisions in order to cover credit losses for the first quarter, up from $7 billion in the final quarter of 2008. FRE attributed this to the increase in the number and rate of delinquent mortgages, coupled with increasing foreclosure-related losses.

As we all know, the housing market has been taking a beating over the past couple years. The global recession seemed to spark right out of the American housing market, and things have not really been improving too much. With all the homes that are unsold in the country, more and more homeowners have decided to rent instead of sell their properties.

As the housing market began to come apart at the seams, home inventories started to swell, and prices started to drop. Everyone has been waiting anxiously to see a point where the lower prices would bring massive buyers back into the market, but that still has not happened yet, and instead of lowering prices even further, homeowners have decided to hold onto properties a little longer and pull in some rental income instead.

Even as the government tries to clean up after the housing excesses of the past few years, The Wall Street Journal opines (subscription required) that it's also sowing the seeds of a new housing bust with Federal Housing Administration loans.

FHA loans are federally insured mortgages made available to first-time home buyers. They require down payments as low as 3.5% (but it's really less because closing costs can be rolled in) and a credit score of just 620 -- far below the 700+ required by most private lenders right now.

As the subprime market has completely dried up, marginal home buyers are returning to the FHA, leading to a huge increase in FHA loan volume. Nearly a third of mortgages are FHA loans, up from just 2% in 2006.

The entire country has been struggling with the current recession, and while we are still not out of the woods just yet, there are signs that the economic free fall is at least close to coming to an end.

This morning President Obama stated that we were starting to see "glimmers of hope" in the economy, claiming that we are "starting to see progress" on a number of fronts. While Obama admits that the economy is still under "severe stress", he noted that we are seeing a boom in demand for mortgage loans and refinancing, and a thaw in some credit markets.

Bloomberg director and columnist Jane Bryant Quinn wants to let investors and readers know that the much-criticized (and justifiably so) mortgage sector has not entirely disappeared.

Further, I don't think she'd mind if I said Ms. Quinn, a leading financial writer for many years, has seen a recession or two: she's seen the disasters arrive, and seen them leave. The United States manages to muddle through every time. (Granted, this crisis calls for heavy-duty muddling through.)

We all know that things have been less than ideal for homeowners over the past year, and we got a little clearer picture yesterday of just how bad things have become. According to a new report, 12% of all homeowners in the country were at least one month behind on their mortgage payments, or already in foreclosure at the end of 2008.

The situation is even worse for subprime, adjust-rate mortgage holders. These loans have been blamed as a major reason why the credit market has reached the point where it is now, and according to this report an amazing 48% of these mortgages have either fallen behind or have entered foreclosure proceedings.

A 43-state study conducted by First American CoreLogic adds more gloom and doom to the housing market. The numbers are shocking. Twenty percent, one in five US homeowners with a mortgage, owe more than their homes are worth. We call this being "underwater." This amounts to a staggering 8.31 million properties, up 9% from the end of September.

The worst states are Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada and Ohio. Of these seven states, California, Florida and Nevada led in the number of underwater mortgages.

After the closing bell sounded yesterday afternoon, MBIA (NYSE: MBI) stepped into the spotlight to report fourth-quarter earnings. The struggling banking firm saw its fourth-quarter loss shrink to $1.2 billion, or $5.30 per share from last year's fourth-quarter loss of $18.55 per share.

This quarter's loss came courtesy of a $1.7-billion and a $532-million loss on insured derivatives. Both of these losses were logged pre-tax. The company's CEO Jay Brown blamed the rough 18-month period on the "worst credit crisis since the Great Depression." Last year was a rough year for MBIA, as the weak housing market lead to many homebuyers and homeowners defaulting on or lagging in their mortgage payments leading to a major problem for MBIA, which insures mortgage bonds. The problem for the banking firm is that the mortgage turmoil is expected to continue.

This morning, Citgroup (NYSE: C) announced a new initiative that it expects will help the recently unemployed mortgage customers that have fallen behind in their payments. The goal is to keep these customers in their homes by reducing their monthly mortgage payment for three months.

Who is eligible for this program? Borrowers with first mortgages whose loans are owned and serviced by CitiMortage. The borrowers also have to meet other guidelines to be eligible for program participation.

According to Citigroup, the required monthly payment for most qualifying customers will be roughly $500 per month.

Portfolio reports on the hedge funds and other money managers that are looking to make a killing buying up those badly beaten down, highly illiquid mortgage assets that have been the ruin of so many of the world's largest financial institutions.

According to Portfolio, "There are now ample opportunities for distressed-asset investors. . . Prices for such securities are very low, even considering the awful state of the economy. That's because the market for mortgage-backed securities is flooded with sellers, as banks, hedge funds, and other investors in collateralized-debt obligations, or CDOs, head for the exit."