The future investment stars are already with us. The NYSE Financial Future Challenge, operated by the NYSE Foundation, By Kids for Kids, K12 Inc. and the United Investors Association, is in full swing, with five finalists just identified. To reach this level, the participants had to develop a new product, idea or process that would "excite, educate and motivate their peers" to become interested in the financial marketplace. The eventual winner lurks within this subset and will receive a $2,500 prize -- a great way to get that portfolio started. And, he or she will be feted at a closing bell ceremony at the NYSE (NYX) on January 11, 2010.

The finalists presented a variety of ideas which are sure to generate some buzz. Kelsey Foss, a 12-year-old from Mountainville, NY, proposed a new television show, "Stock Market Tycoon Idol," which would harness the popularity of reality TV while amping up the content. The program would involve the journeys of 10 kids as they seek to make money or lose it, with the possibility of becoming virtual millionaires along the way. The show would be set at a mock NYSE studio on Wall Street, and exports would be brought out to mentor the contestants. The reality TV reach would help engage a younger audience.

The IPO market has been pretty slow for the past two years due to the effects of a subprime mortgage crisis that turned into a credit crisis that turned into a worldwide financial crisis and recession. Nonetheless, two companies made their debuts Thursday -- one on the NYSE (NYSE: NYX), the other on the NASDAQ -- and they nailed it. Hyatt Hotels (NYSE: H) gave its investors a 12% gain on its first Big Board trading day, and Ancestry.com (NASDAQ: ACOM) switched those digits, jumping 21% in its first day of trading.

Hyatt Hotels overcame two major concerns. The worldwide travel market slump has been tough on hotel companies, and Hyatt has been subject to the same forces as everyone else. Also, investors may have been worried about infighting among the founder's heirs (the Pritzker family), but the double-digit price increase suggests that investors don't foresee Bancroft-style squabbles screwing investors -- or, if you don't like Dow Jones, now a part of News Corp (NASDAQ: NWS), Playboy (NYSE: PLA) makes the same point.

When the market started to crap the bed last year, hundreds of public companies were faced with the prospect of delisting due to their low share prices and market caps.

Because of the unusual nature of the circumstances -- and the fact that they had much bigger problems to devote resources to -- the NYSE and Nasdaq elected not to enforce minimum share price requirements temporarily. But now that the market has rallied, what about companies that haven't been able to get their share prices back up a bit?

The stock market seems like it needs a rest today.

After posting strong performances earlier this week following growing optimism about the economy and the reappointment of Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, the main indexes appear headed toward a muted opening. The Dow Jones industrial average and the Nasdaq Composite Index were trading down in pre-market action.

Whether this rally will hold depends on a few things. The U.S. Commerce Department is due to issue its durable goods report for July later this morning. As the Associated Press notes, "Economists polled by Thomson Reuters predict orders to U.S. factories for items expected to last at least three years increased 3 percent in July, due in part to increased auto sales from the government's Cash for Clunkers program." They fell in June.

High Frequency Trading (HFT), which is the use of computer models to enter trades, has received a considerable amount of attention in the blog space as well as the financial press. There are number different styles of HFT, but the most important part is the speed at which these trades are entered and executed.

The fastest possible computers are located adjacent to the computers that receive orders at the stock exchanges, and I when I say adjacent, it's not the building next door, it's literally feet away. This world operates in milliseconds, and even the speed of light in a fiberoptic cable is not fast enough for anything other than colocation.

What's new? Well, trading on the NYSE is sluggish. In fact it's the slowest in two decades. Now, some of this is normal. Brokers often take vacations in July and August. Those who can do so rush out to the Hamptons or Long Island.

But this year is notably slow. Investors are busy digesting second quarter earnings and trying to figure out what to do next. The Dow did reach the 9,000 mark this week, though. We've seen a 44% rally off the March 9 lows, according to data compiled by Bloomberg, the steepest since the 1930s.

With listed stocks getting knocked around, the New York Stock Exchange is considering extending temporary relief from listing requirements. Once a company is dropped from the exchange, it runs risks ranging from market cap loss to limited liquidity. But NYSE Euronext (NYSE: NYX) CEO Duncan Niederauer was clear that the moves are not permanent. For now, the goal remains to protect companies that are at risk of being delisted. This comes after the S&P 500 fell 38% last year -- its worst performance since 1937.

The two rules that have been relaxed are the maintenance of a share price of at least $1 and a market cap of at least $15 million. The return of both measures was delayed back in April. Currently, 31 companies on the NYSE are at risk, including Blockbuster Inc. (NYSE: BBI) and Lear Corp (NYSE: LEA).

Some of you may have heard this before if you have been in the stock market for a long time: The cheapest place to find oil is on the floor of the New York Stock exchange!

With the price of oil moving up faster than the price of oil stocks, and the high cost of exploration and developing new sources, I have been surprised that there have not been any mergers or acquisitions by the major oil companies. I would think now would be a good time to add to their proven reserves with far less risk than looking for new sources.

It also seems to me that the risks associated with exploration and developing new product would be easier to absorb by larger entities.

For the first time in two months, short interest increased on the major exchanges from the May 15 - May 29 period. On the NYSE, the overall number of shorted shares rose 1% to 15.29 billion; Nasdaq short interest rose 3.6% to 6.6 billion shares.

The NYSE short-interest ratio reached 2.7, while the Nasdaq's ratio hit 3.1. The short-interest ratio can be loosely defined as the number of days, at the average daily trading volume, it would take to buy back all shares currently sold short.

This potentially indicates a turning tide toward bearishness after a March-May period that was painful for the short sellers and others maintaining a bearish disposition. With the S&P 500 Index moving back to challenge the 950 area, the bears may becoming a bit more brave. Are we range-bound, do we have further to run, or are we setting up for another correction phase? Share your thoughts in the comments field.

Beth works for The Options News Network (www.ONN.tv), which provides daily stock and options commentary. The above comments are not intended as trading advice.

Let's go back in time and imagine ourselves standing near a buttonwood tree at 68 Wall Street on May 17, 1792. We watch as 24 stock brokers sign the Buttonwood Agreement under that tree and the New York Stock Exchange is born. The brokers call their group the New York Stock Exchange. Their first president is Anthony Stockholm.

Flash forward a few years to 1817, when the exchange rented a room at 40 Wall Street. When that building was destroyed by fire, the exchange moved into temporary headquarters and then moved to a permanent location at 10-12 Broad Street.

Alcoa Inc. (AA) must have drawn the short straw to be the economic canary in the coal mine decades ago, but for many investors the aluminum maker's earnings are seen as a harbinger of things to come. Judging from Wall Street estimates, expectations are so low, they are almost laughable.

Analysts expect the Dow component to lose 56 cents per share on revenue of $4.08 billion compared with $303 million, or 37 cents, a year earlier on revenue of $7.38 billion, according to estimates by Thomson Reuters. The Pittsburgh-based company reported its first loss in six years in January. Its shares are down about 30 percent this year, even with the recent surge in the stock market.

For the past few weeks, investors have "partied like its 1999" as in the heady days of the tech bubble and not the song by Prince.

They have taken a "What me worry?" attitude that would make Alfred E. Neuman, the fictional mascot of "Mad" magazine proud, sending the major indexes soaring after data showed some small signs of improvement, even though the economy lost 663,000 jobs in March.

On Thursday, the S&P 500 closed above the 20-day moving average at 745.10 for the first time since Feb. 9. And it closed above the resistance line drawn from the November low at 741.02 for the first time since Feb. 13.

Volume for each of the days of higher prices increased to more than 1.8 billion shares on the NYSE, and that is a higher-than-average volume for any month this year (1.6 billion average). But volume has been picking up since the breakdown on Feb. 27 at S&P 740 when more than 2 billion shares traded.

With a reflex rally now underway, the question is: "How far can it go?"

The New York Stock Exchange has decided to temporarily suspend (subscription required) a rule requiring that companies be kicked off the exchange when their shares fall below $1 for 30 consecutive days. With the stock market in free fall, many once proud companies have seen their shares dive into that bargain basement, and the NYSE has decided it doesn't want to add fuel to the fire by sending them off to Casino Pink Sheets.

The exchange also said that it would maintain its relaxed minimum market cap standard of $15 million -- down from the usual $25 million. Both new policies will be in effect until June 30th, unless they are renewed.