The dollar Friday was poised to record its largest weekly gain versus the euro in three years, on a growing consensus that the U.S. Federal Reserve will increase interest rates soon to check rising U.S. inflation.

The dollar traded up about one-half cent to $1.5372 versus the euro early Friday afternoon - - a level that if sustained at the New York close at 5 p.m. EDT would give the greenback its biggest weekly gain since early 2005, Bloomberg News reported Friday.

The dollar also rose Friday against the other major currencies. The dollar increased about one-half cent to $1.9494 versus the British pound, and about sixth-tenths of a cent to $1.0476 versus the Swiss franc. The dollar was unchanged versus Japan's yen at 107.90 yen.

The dollar bulls have been vanquished again.

For the fourth time since the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 was passed in February 2008, a nascent dollar rally has failed.

In Friday afternoon trading, the dollar was poised to record a 3-cent decline versus the euro for the week, to about $1.5776. The dollar has also fallen about 3 cents versus the British pound to $1.9788, and about 1.2 yen to 103.28 versus Japan's yen.

The kindling for a rally certainly existed earlier in the week: the prospect of 'the beginning of the end' of the worst of the U.S. housing market's troubles, and an interest rate decrease by both the Bank of England and the European Central Bank had emboldened dollar bulls.

The dollar rallied to a six-week high Wednesday after U.S. productivity increased at a larger-than-expected rate and sentiment surfaced that Europe's economy may have slowed considerably.

The dollar rose about 2 cents versus the euro -- a large move in the currency market -- to $1.5370 on Wednesday afternoon. The dollar also gained against the world's other major currencies, rising about 2 cents to $1.9530 versus the British pound? about 0.5 cents to $1.0555 versus the Swiss franc and about one-half yen to 104.85 yen versus Japan's yen.

U.S. productivity gives dollar a lift

Earlier in the day, the U.S. Labor Department announced that U.S. worker productivity increased at a 2.2% annual pace in Q1 2008, well above the 1.7% Bloomberg News survey consensus estimate.

Independent currency trader Andrew Resnick told BloggingStocks Wednesday the Q1 2008 productivity data, combined with a sense that the European Central Bank is behind-the-curve concerning interest rate cuts to deal with slowing economic growth, put traders in dollar-buy mode.

The dollar rallied to a 5-week high Thursday on the belief the U.S. Federal Reserve will at least pause in its interest rate cutting cycle, as it evaluates the impact of both monetary and fiscal policy stimulus on the sluggish U.S. economy.

The dollar rose more than 2 cents versus the euro -- a large move in the currency market -- to $1.5440 on Thursday at mid-day. The dollar also gained against the world's other major currencies, rising about 2 cents to $1.9730 versus the British pound, about 1.7 cents to $1.0510 versus the Swiss franc, and about 1 yen to 104.50 yen versus Japan's yen.

Dollar rally 'may have legs'

Further, unlike previous fits-and-starts regarding earlier dollar moves higher, independent currency trader Andrew Resnick told BloggingStocks Thursday this dollar rally "may have legs" due to a potential change in fundamentals, in the dollar's favor.

The euro hit an all-time of $1.5915 versus the dollar Thursday, only to become subject to an increasingly rare event in currency markets these days - - a dollar rally.

That's right: you read correctly. The dollar rallied, getting off the deck, as it were, from its record-low versus the euro to gain more than 1 cent for the day to trade at $1.5741 late Thursday.

Trading is likely to be calm to inert heading into Friday, due to the G-7 meeting in Washington of the world's major central bankers and finance ministers.

What inspired the dollar's rally? Independent currency trader Andrew Resnick told BloggingStocks the currency markets interpreted Thursday's lower-than-expected 357,000 U.S. initial weekly unemployment claims as a strong point for the ailing U.S. economy. That fact, combined with the belief that the previous week's claims may have been inflated, due to the earlier Easter holiday, sent traders into buy-dollar mode.

The dollar's modest rally faded Tuesday afternoon as traders calculated that the U.S. Federal Reserve is likely to continue to cut key, short-term interest rates by another 50 basis points to jump-start the anemic U.S. economy.

In mid-day Tuesday trading, the dollar was substantially lower against the world's other major currencies. The dollar fell almost 2 cents to $1.5596 versus the euro, about one-half yen to 100.22 versus Japan's yen, and about 1.5 cents to $2.0003 versus the British pound. The dollar also fell about 1 cent to $1.0095 versus the Swiss franc.

Short-lived dollar rally

Some traders had argued that the dollar would be able to post its second straight weekly rise on renewed confidence that the U.S. economy would perform better than expected, with a shallow recession, said Andrew Resnick, independent currency trader. But those comments most likely will be categorized as 'famous last words' based on recent U.S. housing data, which suggests continued U.S. economic sluggishness up ahead, he said.

Although confidence that market forces will be the only factors determining currency rates is decreasing, there's little indication the world's major central banks are about to initiate a coordinated action to support the dollar.

The dollar has fallen more than 20% versus the euro and more than 10% versus the British pound since 2006. In the months ahead, monetary officials may face increased pressure to intervene as companies in Europe complain about the higher prices they must charge for their exports to the U.S. to retain purchasing power amid a falling dollar.

"The risks of coordinated intervention are going to increase in the second quarter for sure as the dollar weakens further,'' Mitul Kotecha, head of foreign-exchange research in London at Calyon, told Bloomberg News Monday. The firm is the securities unit of Credit Agricole SA, France's second-biggest bank.

In midday Monday trading, the dollar was mostly higher against the world's other major currencies after U.S. stock markets rose. The dollar gained about one-half cent to $1.5356 versus the euro, about 1 yen to 100.55 versus Japan's yen, and about 1.5 cents to $1.0288 versus the Swiss franc. The dollar was virtually unchanged at $1.9822 versus the British pound.

The dollar fell to a yet another record-low against the euro Friday and plunged against the world's other major currencies, as investors shunned U.S. investments ahead of an almost-certain U.S. recession, with likely further interest rate reductions from the U.S. Federal Reserve.

Friday's trigger event for selling was The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. (NYSE: BSC) stunning announcement that -- less than 10 days after senior management officials called liquidity-crunch rumors 'absolutely ridiculous' -- it had accepted a 28-day, emergency, secured loan from the U.S. Federal Reserve via JP Morgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM).

The Fed said in a statement that it will ``continue to provide liquidity as necessary to promote the orderly functioning of the financial system,'' repeating reassurances Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke has made often since credit problems first surfaced in August 2007. The Fed did not state how large their loan is to Bear Stearns.

The dollar plunged to a 13-year low versus Japan's yen Thursday, falling below 100 yen to 99.77 yen before recovering somewhat, after the markets received work that the a Carlyle Group fund had moved closer to collapse, Bloomberg News reported Thursday.

The dollar also fell against the world's other, major currencies. The dollar fell about one-half cent to $1.5587 versus the euro, about 1 cent to $2.0350 versus the British pound, and about one-half cent to $1.0088 versus the Swiss franc.

The dollar did recover slightly against the yen to 100.12 yen later in the Asia session, but the plunge to 99.77 represented the dollar's lowest level against the yen since October 1995. During that period of dollar depreciation, the Bank of Japan, Japan's central bank, intervened to support the dollar. Thus far, there's little indication the central bank will do the same today, independent currency trader Andrew Resnick told BloggingStocks Thursday.

The dollar fell for the sixth consecutive day against the yen and approached a record low against the euro, as traders increased their dollar-short positions on the belief the U.S. Federal Reserve will lower interest rates by 75 basis points to stimulate the sluggish U.S. economy, Bloomberg News reported Tuesday.

The dollar deteriorated about one-quarter cent to $1.5220 against the euro and fell about 0.31 yen to 103.15 yen in Monday morning trading. The dollar also fell about one-third cent to $1.9870 against the British pound, and about one-half cent to $1.0356 against the Swiss franc.

The dollar's fall continued despite growing concern in Europe that the euro is rising too much -- to levels that would hurt European exports. A rising euro increases the price of European exports to the U.S., if exporters pass along the added cost. On Tuesday European Central Bank President Jean-Claude Trichet told reporters a strong dollar is in the interests of the United States.

However, to-date, the ECB has resisted undertaking efforts to help stem the euro's rise, keeping its benchmark short-term interest rate at 4%. The ECB is expect to keep the rate the same when it meets Thursday to discuss monetary policy.

The dollar's share of global foreign currency reserves dropped to a record low in the third quarter (Q3), Bloomberg News reported Friday, citing International Monetary Fund data.

The dollar comprised 63.8% of reserves at the end of September 2007, down from 65% at the end of June 2007, the IMF said. Meanwhile, the euro's slice of the reserve pie increased during the same period to 26.4% from 25.5%. The British pound's portion rose to 4.7% from 4.6%.

Dollar doldrums

Analyst C. Leonard Bauer, formerly of Prudential, said a constellation of factors is prompting governments to reduce dollar-based foreign exchange reserves, chief of which is the dollar's decline versus the euro, pound, and other major currencies.

There are signs that Europe's laissez-faire stance toward the Euro may not remain so laissez-faire in the months ahead.

European officials from a variety of corners - - public, private, corporate - - are beginning to express concern about the increasingly strong euro currency.

In the German weekly Welt am Sonntag, Airbus CEO Louis Gallois indicated that the strong euro will affect Airbus' sales and competitive position versus rival The Boeing Company (NYSE: BA): "It is very clearly an existential threat -- not immediately, but in the long-term," Gallois told the newspaper. "On this basis we can no longer plan effectively for the future."

Airbus sells its planes in dollars but about half its costs are in euros, which makes the company sensitive to a rise in the euro vs. the U.S. dollar, despite the company's hedging efforts.

The dollar rose to one-week highs against the world's major currencies Wednesday, as currency traders took profits following extensive dollar declines over the past 10 weeks.

Traders said Abu Dhabi Investment Authority's $7.5 billion investment in Citigroup (NYSE: C) contributed to the trading session's pro-dollar sentiment, on the belief that deep-pocketed, patient global investors may be able to provide capital to help keep key credit markets liquid in the quarters ahead.

The dollar improved to $1.4768 against euro, to $2.0681 against the British pound, and to 109.70 yen against the Japanese yen.

Currency trader Andrew Resnick, formerly of Next Capital of New York, told BloggingStocks Wednesday that the dollar's rise should not delude one into thinking there's been a fundamental change in currency conditions:

"I see nothing changing structurally. We've got the U.S. trade deficit, a slowing U.S. economy, and the possibility of another rate cut by the Federal Reserve, so pressure will resume on the dollar," Resnick said. "We may not see as many players in the carry trade, but the long-term bias remains dollar-lower."

The dollar hit a new low against the euro Tuesday, with the euro trading above $1.48 for the first time, on word the Gulf Cooperation Council was debating whether to keep its dollar pegs.

Currency Trader Andrew Resnick, formerly of Next Capital of New York, told BloggingStocks Tuesday that the elimination of dollar pegs will add to pressure on the dollar.

"The pegs support the dollar to a degree, but the real factors here are the slowness of growth in the U.S. economy, and the U.S. trade deficit," Resnick said. "Until we see those two factors change, the trend is likely to remain dollar lower, across the board."

In the coming weeks, bloggingstocks.com will review those stocks most likely to benefit under each scenario: a weak dollar or a strong dollar.

Commodities expert Jim Rogers is on-record with where he thinks the U.S. dollar is headed in 2008: down. That, in and of itself, is not news.

"It doesn't take a genius to figure out that it's a currency that's going to be going down for some time to come," Rogers said in an interview with the Financial Times. Rogers added that in his interpretation the U.S. Federal Reserve's and the U.S. Treasury's willingness to print money and drive down the greenback is clear.

Among other consequences of the dollar's continued fall, Roger sees higher commodity prices, a rise in U.S. inflation, and a rise in China's currency, the yuan (if the Chinese government lets it rise more). Rogers, chairman of Beeland Interests Inc., said he is also shorting shares of Citigroup (NYSE: C). [Citigroup's shares closed down $1.92 to $35.81Monday after the company said it will have to write-off $8 billion-$11 billion to account for the reduced value of subprime mortgage-related securities.]

All of which begs a good question by the investor / reader: How did the U.S. dollar drop so much in value?