More Monday merger fun, this time from the airline sector. Reportedly, Southwest Airlines (LUV) announced that it will purchase AirTran Airlines for roughly $1.42 billion.

This move will be funded mainly with debt, and it will help Southwest establish a larger presence in cities like Boston and New York. What's more (as the article points out), Southwest will now be in "head-to-head competition with Delta Air Lines in Delta's home base of Atlanta."

I hope your seat belt is fastened and your tray table is in its full upright position because the parent company of United Airlines -- UAL Corporation (UAUA) -- is ready for take off.

Thanks to a 27% jump in passenger revenue per available seat mile, United just posted its first quarterly profit in three years and its highest quarterly profit in 11 years. The company reported net profit of $430 million, or $1.95 per share -- well above the consensus estimate of $1.77 per share.

Business is looking particularly good in the Pacific and Latin America regions where the company saw growth rates of 52% and 63%, respectively

United Airlines parent UAL Corp. (UAUA) was singled out for a directionally neutral spread strategy on Wednesday, with one options trader betting on near-term volatility for the airline issue. Shortly after the opening bell, a block of 325 contracts changed hands on UAUA's June 24 call for the ask price of $1.32, indicating they were purchased. Simultaneously, a matching block of 325 June 16 puts traded at the ask price of $0.50, revealing these contracts were also bought.

The silver lining to the travel slump last year was that fewer flights made it easier for airlines to hit their deadlines. In 2009, the airline sector had its best year for on-time arrivals since 2003, largely because many routes were cut as passenger traffic fell and companies looked for ways to cut costs. According to the Department of Transportation, airlines hit a 79.5% on-time rate last year (which includes flights that were within 15 minutes of their arrival time).

Hawaiian Airlines had the best record, but it's a small regional, lacking the challenges of the major carriers. Among the big guys, Southwest's (LUV) 83% on-time rate was best, and United's (UAUA) 81% was tops for traditional air carriers. Of course, these airlines and the rest of the sector were helped along by the fact that they pad their schedule, which makes it a hell of a lot easier to show up on time.

Monday, United Airlines (UAUA) announced that its December traffic matched last year's traffic, but that planes were more crowded. Confused? UAUA had fewer flights this year compared to a year ago, so matching traffic from last year meant that the planes had more passengers.

The air carrier announced that paying passengers flew 9.21 billion miles last month and capacity shrank to 11.24 billion available seat miles from 11.60 billion in December 2008. All this totaled up to average occupancy of 81.9%, up from 79.4% a year earlier. Average occupancy for the year increased to 81.2% from 80.4%. Taking regional operations out of the equation, average occupancy on UAUA flights came in at 83%, up from 79.9% in the prior year.

For years, it's been evident that smaller airlines have had an operating advantage, particularly when they use less expensive airports. They've been able to post better numbers as a result, and in the current travel slump, they've outperformed the larger carriers. Well, they've also picked up a considerable amount of market share.

According to a report by USA Today, low cost carriers now have 30% of the market in the United States. Price-sensitive consumers are turning to cheaper alternatives, even if it means (for fliers with elite status) giving up the perks they've earned through years of customer loyalty.

If you think all those new airline fees were a temporary measure to help these beleaguered companies through an economic crisis, you're out of your mind. Now that they've had a taste of how much they can make by charging you for an extra bag or a little more leg room, they're hooked. More important, the fees are making up a meaningful portion of airline revenues and profits, so investors aren't likely to be satisfied with a return to normal – well, they can't. Extra fees are the new "normal."

United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA), US Airways (NYSE: LCC) and American Airlines (NYSE: AMR), according to an influential analyst, have run out of options. Jamie Baker of JPMorgan said in a July 20, 2009 report that these companies couldn't do anything to prevent a cash crisis. They only savior available to them would have to be an outside investor. To call the position grim would be optimistic. Unfortunately, it couldn't have come at a worse time.

As Baker was walking the bear into the airline industry, United was starting to celebrate its change in direction. The carrier has improved its on-time rate, according to a USA Today report, and its operations are coming around. Despite the fact that the airline industry has been brutalized by the global recession, the airline has made some progress. Through August, the company's share price doubled, and its ascent has continued in September. So, the company is locked in an ongoing struggle to manage its identity, cope with its past and shape how the world sees it today.

The operational "makeover" has resulted in a reduction of its fleet from 601 jets in 2000 to 386 as of the summer of 2009. In terms of passenger traffic, it's in the #4 spot in the United States – trailing Delta (NYSE: DAL), Southwest (NYSE: LUV) and American. With Q2 revenues off 25.2% year-over-year, however, drastic measures are still necessary.

To get an idea of how poorly United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA) has performed, may I suggest viewing this little nugget.

If United is breaking guitars as accused, I would fly another airline. As an avid guitar player myself, such carelessness is unacceptable. The airline industry is struggling, and poor customer service does not help. The above video is now going viral on the Internet - what a PR disaster for United.

With such uncertainty, following an absolute return strategy continues to offer investors the biggest bang for their buck. There is no sense in guessing where the market will be down the road.

Instead, buy cheap stocks and sell stocks that are expensive. Then blend the two approaches together in one portfolio and chances are you'll make money.

Even with a huge rally in stocks, the S&P 500 ended the second quarter with a year-to-date gain of 1.78%. That is a vast improvement compared to the 11% loss at the end of the first quarter, but it's a minimal return for taking risk in the stock market.

Investors need to do better -- and they can.

Continental Airlines (NYSE: CAL) just got the relief it needs to compete. Despite resistance from the Department of Justice (which can only recommend), the Department of Transportation has granted the airline immunity from antitrust laws. This clears the way for Continental to work with United Airlines (NASDAQ: UAUA) -- and other carriers -- on international routes. Now, the airline can join Star Alliance, which already has antitrust immunity.

At the same time, DOT approved a joint venture among Continental, United, Lufthansa (OTC: DLAKY) and Air Canada. This new relationship would involve trans-Atlantic routes.