I thought I'd take a look at two companies that reported earnings earlier in the week that share a couple things in common. First, they deal with music. Second, their prospects have been defined, in part, by the surge of Apple's (NASDAQ: AAPL) iPod/iTunes zeitgeist.

Let's begin with Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG). According to Reuters, Warner Music Group lost 25 cents per share from continuing businesses in Q3. Analysts wanted to see a loss of only 16 cents per share. In last year's Q3, the company lost 6 cents per share. Not a good trend. Warner Music Group's management unfortunately fails to impress.

Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) released its Q4 earnings on Tuesday. Did the numbers have all the makings of a hit? To start off, revenues declined over 1%. That's not hit material, to be certain. Here's something that might get your toes tapping, however: income from continuing operations came in at $0.04 per share, a pretty musical achievement considering that analysts thought that a loss of $0.02 per share would be recorded. And I have to note that the company did pretty good on the free-cash-flow front (I also noted this in a previous piece).

But here's the deal with Warner Music Group: like the music industry in general, it's still trying to adjust to the digital age. Buying music recorded on physical media just isn't where it's at these days, thanks to Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) and others. The music industry would really love to get more money for their content, but because of the popularity of the low-pricing scheme at iTunes and other download sites, I don't think that's going to happen anytime soon. Indeed, when I purchase songs at Amazon (NASDAQ: AMZN), I really appreciate that $0.99 price point, and I probably would loathe paying $1.29, $1.39, etc., per tune.

In the end, even with the earnings beat, I'm not sure I could seriously consider Warner Music Group as a great investment idea. Forget that the company's release schedule is reportedly being affected by the recession and that this may shift potential earnings excitement to the latter part of the year -- you've got to remember that this is a low-priced stock in a difficult market environment. As of Tuesday's close, Warner Music Group was trading for less than $3 per share. The stock has been very weak lately, a falling knife, in fact. Best not to attempt a catch of this particular blade.

Disclosure: I don't own any company mentioned; positions can change at any time.

As an Activision Blizzard (NASDAQ: ATVI) shareholder, I'm extremely gratified by the unqualified success of the Guitar Hero franchise. However, I'm none too happy about statements made by Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) CEO Edgar Bronfman Jr. who believes that Activision Blizzard should be paying more to license the songs. When I first heard about that, I admit, I became a bit worried. After all, if the publisher has to pony up a higher amount of cash to the music industry, then there could be pressure on the stock.

Well, I'm glad I caught a blog post by Eliot Van Buskirk for Wired over at Portfolio.com. Looks like Activision Blizzard CEO Robert Kotick isn't taking too kindly to those in the music industry who suggest his company needs to share a higher percentage of the spoils. He basically told Bronfman Jr. to chill out, suggesting that the impact of his software platform on music sales for artists that are contained within it almost argues that the publisher shouldn't pay a dime to the music industry.

The shareholder in me says "right on, Bob!" In this digital age, the music industry needs all the help it can get in promoting its artist roster. Gone are the days when consumers opened their wallets for physical CDs. That aspect of the music industry is dying in favor of the iTunes model that powers Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) and its iPod empire. Therefore, I agree with Buskirk's assertion that the boat shouldn't be rocked here. Music companies should just accept the licensing structure as it exists, look at it as a loss leader if they feel that's what it is, and just be satisfied with the ancillary promotion they receive.

Here are some highlights from this past week's earnings coverage from BloggingStocks:

• Archer Daniels Midland Co. (NYSE: ADM) said Q4 profit plunged, missing analysts' expectations.
• Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (NYSE: BRK.A) posted yet another solid quarter and topped analysts' expectations.
• Cisco Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: CSCO) reported solid results and reaffirmed its revenue guidance.
• General Mills Inc. (NYSE: GIS) performance despite rising commodities costs impressed Jim Cramer.
• Hansen Natural Corp. (NASDAQ: HANS) Q2 earnings surged on popularity of Monster energy drink.
• Humana Inc. (NYSE: HUM) beat Q2 expectations, sending shares of health insurers higher.
• LeapFrog Enterprises Inc. (NYSE: LF) narrowed its Q2 loss, sending shares up near its 52-week high.
• MGM Mirage (NYSE: MGM) Q2 profit tumbled but revenues topped analysts' expectations.
• NetSuite Inc. (NYSE: N) cut its Q2 loss and revenues surged on 400 new customers.
• Orbitz Worldwide Inc. (NYSE: OWW) narrowed its net loss while revenues inched upward.
• Polo Ralph Lauren Corp. (NYSE: RL) easily topped Q1 expectations and raised its full-year guidance.
• Pzena Investment Management Inc's (NYSE: PZN) CEO admits that its Q2 was "awful, just terrible."
• 3Com Corp. (NASDAQ: COMS) raised its Q1 profit and sales forecasts due to gains in China.
• Toyota Motor Corp. (NYSE: TM) net income fell due to the strong yen and rising materials costs.
• Warner Music Group Corp. (NYSE: WMG) reported a smaller-than-expected Q3 net loss.
• World Wrestling Entertainment Inc. (NYSE: WWE) flat year-over-year earnings fell short of estimtates.

Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) reported third-quarter earnings numbers on Thursday (for more earnings news, see here). Revenues increased a scant 5% to $848 million. The bottom line saw a net loss of 6 cents per share. According to Earnings.com, analysts were expecting a loss of 18 cents per share. So, expectations were soundly beat.

But should investors be completely enamored of the performance? There were some interesting growth rates sprinkled throughout the release. Indeed, digital revenues increased over 39%, and operating income from continuing operations jumped almost 11%. Free cash flow, as defined by the company (management adds back net cash paid or received for investments excluding short-term investments) soared 63% during the quarter, coming in at $93 million. However, during the nine-month period, free cash flow declined 47% to $37 million. Furthermore, net cash from operations decreased 1% and 6% for the third quarter and nine-month period, respectively.

In my opinion, investors should not be completely enamored of the performance. I see a mixed-bag here. I'd need to see some better long-term growth rates in the cash flow, and healthier top-line appreciation, to become intrigued. Warner Music obviously wants to leverage digital revenues as much as possible and adjust to the new landscape that the music business finds itself currently navigating. Interestingly enough, CEO Edgar Bronfman, Jr. is a bit angry at Activision Blizzard's (NASDAQ: ATVI) Guitar Hero and Viacom's (NYSE: VIA) Rock Band music-gaming systems. According to this article, the CEO thinks that the song-licensing fees for the games are too low. This, of course, shows just how popular and significant music-gaming has become.

The day may have closed down in negative territory for stocks, but even watching it all day didn't give one any major feel for the market's direction into the close. Today's PCE Inflation index came in at +4.1%, although traders have discounted this data as energy prices and even some food prices have started coming down from the May to June highs. Oil put in a serious drop to briefly under $120 and now traders are calling for lower levels rather than higher. You could throw up literally 5 issues affecting oil prices, but you might as well call it "air out of the bubble" rather than anything.

Here are today's unofficial closing bell levels:
DJIA 11,283.74 (-42.58)
S&P500 1,249.01 (-11.30)
NASDAQ 2,285.17 (-25.79)
10YR T-NOTE 3.9720% (+0.024%)
52-WEEK LOWS
TOP ANALYST UPGRADES
TOP ANALYST DOWNGRADES

Humana Inc. (NYSE: HUM) sent most health insurers higher after it posted $1.24 EPS versus a prior guidance of $1.15 to $1.20 EPS and above $1.18 estimates. Shares were up over 5% to $47.00 in today's final minutes.

According to a Billboard report Tuesday morning, Live Nation Inc. (NYSE: LYV) "has entered into a long-term global partnership" with Canadian rock band Nickelback, following other high profile acts U2, Madonna, and Jay-Z. The reported $50-$70 million deal is set to commence after the band finishes its current deal with Road Runner Records, a record label in the Warner Music Group Corp. (NYSE: WMG), and will include three tours and albums with the possibility of a fourth left open. Virtually every aspect of the band's career will be managed and distributed via Live Nation, and the band will begin touring in Live Nation venues as soon as next year.

Reuters further reports that the band has two albums and a greatest hits album left with Road Runner Records, with the band's last album selling 10 million copies. The news source speculates that the deal could be expensive if the band's new albums in the future fail to deliver the success that the band has enjoyed to date. The deal also throws into question the value of Road Runner Records after Warner Music Group bought the label in December 2006 for $73.5 million. Despite other high profile artists, Nickelback is the label's most successful act.

Live Nation has raised the stakes for music companies since beginning to sign major artists last year. By offering services for nearly every aspect of those acts' careers, Live Nation means managing careers are simplified in theory. In addition, the growth of the digital music market has made it easier for the company and the acts it signs to distance the services from the tendencies associated with music companies and traditional recordings deals. Unfortunately, since the deals have yet to commence for any artist, the success of deals such as this have yet to be seen.

According to a Billboard article published Wednesday, Neilsen Soundscan has reported an 11% decline in album sales during the first half of 2008, compared to the same period in 2007. Consumers purchased 204.6 million albums between January and June, over 25 million less than a year ago, but luckily not as sharp a decline as the 15.1% that occurred in the first half of 2007 as compared to 2006. Nielsen Soundscan told Billboard that the "drop is fueled largely by the 16.3% decrease in CD sales" despite digital album sales rising 34.4& to account for 15.4% of sales (31.6 million units).

Digital growth is still a productive and lucrative spot for the music industry, with single track downloads growing 30% to 532.7 million units in the first half of the year over first half sales in 2007 of 417.3 million units. Universal Music Group is still the most dominating music company, despite dropping .3% to 31.2% in sales. Sony BMG Music Entertainment and EMI Group also fell, with Sony BMG dropping .5% to 24.8% and EMI dropping 1% to 9.4%. The only major music company to gain any ground was Warner Music Group Corp. (NYSE: WMG), rising .8% to 20.8%. Independent music companies also rose in the first six months of 2008, capturing 13.9% of the market -- up 1%.

Declines in album sales are a constant trend in the music industry, so an 11% drop is no real surprise but the lowered decline over one year ago should cause some relaxation. The only problem with the drop in decline is that album sales are still falling off. Even though Nielsen Soundscan and Billboard both commented on the hope provided by single track downloads, the industry still looks to album sales to justify the recording and marketing of music. If that trend would change, single track downloads would make an obvious market to rely on. Instead, reports about declining album sales will still continue while single track downloads continue to grow.

The world's third largest music company, Warner Music Group Corp. (NYSE: WMG), reported this morning a wider second quarter loss and suspended a quarterly dividend to strengthen its balance sheet.

Warner Music posted a quarterly loss of $37 million, dragged down by higher costs and lower compact disc sales. Analysts had expected a loss of 12 cents per share, and were disappointed to see the company report a loss of 25 cents per share.

Warner's quarterly revenue rose only 2% to $800 million compared with $784 million a year ago. The company attributed the revenue decline to its recorded-music segment whose sales climbed only 0.6% due to consumers' preferences for digital music. However, the drop in revenue could have been even worse if the recording company hadn't benefited from the weak dollar, Warner stated. Analysts expected revenue of $780 million, according to Thomson Reuters.

Bloomberg reported Thursday that News Corp.'s (NYSE: NWS) MySpace asset wants to leverage its mindshare to sell music. Not a huge leap of logic there -- MySpace is a touchstone for the online-savvy youth, a group that enjoys consuming songs and going to shows. Only problem is, the MySpace generation also intersects with another club -- the iPod generation -- and going against Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) won't be a simple task for Rupert Murdoch and his social-networking empire.

Bloomberg points out an another interesting issue for MySpace -- its buzz appears to be weakening somewhat. I found it very interesting that Facebook is challenging MySpace's dominance in terms of user growth, and that Google (NASDAQ: GOOG) may not be doing as well with its MySpace deal as perhaps it theoretically should be.

This music initiative, called MySpace Music, is intended to aid top-line sales expansion. Remember the days when MySpace was the undisputed god of the web? Hey, it's still a major online brand, no question, but I find it funny how, in certain respects, MySpace just isn't the untouchable social network that it once was. It definitely calls to mind the axiom dictating that the hot domain one year might not be quite the zeitgeist the next; I've certainly been hearing more and more about Facebook than I have about MySpace these days.

According to the BBC this morning, Irish rock band U2 have signed a 12-year deal with Live Nation, Inc. (NYSE: LYV) on top of the band's deal with Vivendi's Universal Music Group. The deal will see the band consolidate previous arrangements and connections with Live Nation and includes merchandising, digital, and branding rights. U2 follows Madonna into an extensive contract with Live Nation, although record releases were included for Madonna.

Financial arrangements between U2 and Live Nation have not been disclosed, but it would not be surprising to see the band enjoy a similar deal to Madonna, who reportedly signed for $120 million over 10 years. Both deals are part of a larger trend of so-called "360 degree deals", according to the BBC, where artists "combine their recording, publishing and touring revenues." U2's lead singer Bono told the BBC as well that U2 and Live Nation had been in a "relationship for 20 years" so the new deal has been a long time coming.

U2's move is quite unsurprising given the latest trends for artists, but it should be noted that record label Universal retained a relationship with the band. As previously stated, Madonna's deal included Live Nation taking charge from Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) to release her new albums (after the upcoming release). The fact that Universal was able to keep U2 in some degree means that either a larger deal for the release of albums was already in place, or the record labels are seeing the shift and making amends to keep artists in traditional outlets.

MAJOR PAPERS:

• John Meriwether, whose Long-Term Capital Management lost $4B in 1998, has new troubles with JWN Partners, as his Meriwether's largest hedge fund has fallen 28%, and another market fund is also down. Investors have until Monday to ask to pull out their investment, the Wall Street Journal reported.
• The Wall Street Journal also reported that failed mortgage provider New Century Financial might be able to get back some of its lost funds by suing its auditor KPMG, according to a court appointed investigator who looked at the company's demise.
• After reaching a deal that allows its customers to access many of Universal Music's songs, the Financial Times reported that Nokia Corporation (NYSE: NOK) is in talks with the other three leading record companies - Sony Corporation's (NYSE: SNE) Sony BMG, EMI and Warner Music Group Corp's (NYSE: WMG) - about giving its customers access to their catalogues.

WEB SITES:

• Comscore has released its February "U.S. paid clicks" report, according to a source, which reportedly said Google Inc's (NASDAQ: GOOG) paid clicks in the U.S. during the month increased 3% year-over-year; however, the 'slight, slight improvement' from January may not actually be, the Silicon Alley Insider reported, since Comscore did not adjust for Leap Year. Google's paid clicks in December were up 12% and up 27% in November.

Billboard reported Wednesday that Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) suffered a $16 million loss during the first fiscal quarter of this year, which ended on December 31, 2007. This is the result of shutting down a concert promotion company, and the loss also contrasts with the $18 million income the company enjoyed in the same period a year ago.

Despite this loss, the music giant still managed to increase domestic sales up 10.5% in the face of album sales dropping 14.6%, and international sales also increased by 2.7%. The company told Billboard that the growth was due to labels Warner Bros. Records and Atlantic Records "capturing the No. 1 and No.2 rankings in U.S. market share and to a strong showing in digital revenue." According to the same piece, the revenue from digital sales was 14% of all revenue, but still not a significant increase over past figures.

Rumors now frequently circulate about massive music acts leaving their long-term record labels. Last spring Paul McCartney defected from EMI after 45 years to join Starbucks' (NASDAQ: SBUX) Hear Music label. Madonna left Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) last fall. Other artists have followed suit, while some who are still signed have started speaking out against their labels. In this most recent case, Irish rock band U2 is rumored to be leaving Vivendi's Universal Music Group to sign up with Live Nation (NYSE: LYV).

Although I wouldn't blame the artists for leaving their labels, as long as it is in their best interests and increases fans accessibility to the music, it is certainly going to affect the record industry long-term if the defections continue. At the same time, many critics and bloggers would point out that the acts switching labels are already past their prime -- their big hits and money-making lies with albums that came while they were at the labels. That may be true for acts like McCartney, U2, and Madonna, but the best example of this -- Radiohead -- is hardly through making the huge hits they enjoyed while with a major record label.

Radiohead, if you remember, is that "little" band that caused such a stir last October when it decided to release its new album, In Rainbows, to fans in a pay-what-you-want model. When the album was released on CD earlier this year it hit #1 in numerous charts around the world.

Obviously, none of these acts would have achieved such huge successes without major record labels, and it is impossible to say that the future of the record industry is without music labels. These rumors and the actual occurrences indicate that companies like Live Nation and Starbucks, while not necessarily oriented primarily for music distribution, are making better gains than the labels. This will not be ignored for long so the rumors may cease, and only indicates the movement music acts are making for the time being.

Large global music publisher EMI, owned by private equity firm Terra Firma, will be cutting 2,000 of its 5,500 jobs according to The Sunday Telegraph. The company will cut out duplication among the back offices of its several record labels.

Shareholders of Warner Music Group (NYSE: WMG) are certainly looking on. The publisher's stock has fallen from about $30 in mid-2006 to just over $5 last week. The digital download business and piracy has undercut critical revenue from CDs and that is not likely to end.

Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) now controls most digital music pricing through iTunes. Music publishers have no large alternative means of marketing artists. CD sales are never likely to reverse their sales slide.

Warner is probably left with little other than to make huge cost cuts of its own. In the last quarter it had very modest operating income of $142 million on revenue of almost $3.4 billion. But, interest expense on the company's debt was over $180 million for the period.

Mass lay-offs will not solve WMG problems long term, but they may be essential for the company to make it through the next couple of years.

Douglas A. McIntyre is an editor at 247wallst.com.